Kuletsa Kuyenda kwa Trump: Udindo wa Khothi Lalikulu Pakupanga Ndondomeko Za Anthu
Chinachitika ndi chiyani? Mbiri Yakale ya Kusamvana
Kusankhidwa kwa Donald J. lipenga pa November 8, 2016 ndi ake kutsegulira pa 45th pulezidenti ya ku United States pa January 20, 2017 inali chiyambi cha nyengo yatsopano m’mbiri ya United States. Ngakhale kuti chisokonezo pakati pa omutsatira a Trump chinali chosangalatsa, kwa nzika zambiri za US zomwe sizinamuvotere komanso anthu omwe si nzika za dziko la United States ndi kunja kwa United States, kupambana kwa Trump kunabweretsa chisoni ndi mantha. Anthu ambiri anali achisoni komanso amantha osati chifukwa Trump sangakhale pulezidenti wa US - pambuyo pake ndi nzika ya US kubadwa komanso chuma chabwino. Komabe, anthu anali achisoni komanso amantha chifukwa amakhulupirira kuti utsogoleri wa Trump umabweretsa kusintha kwakukulu kwa mfundo za boma la US monga momwe zikuwonetsedwera ndi kamvekedwe ka mawu ake panthawi ya kampeni komanso nsanja yomwe adathamangitsira kampeni yake yapurezidenti.
Chodziwika pakati pa kusintha kwa mfundo zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa zomwe kampeni ya Trump idalonjeza ndi lamulo la Purezidenti pa Januware 27, 2017 lomwe lidaletsa kwa masiku 90 kulowa kwa olowa komanso osakhala ochokera kumayiko asanu ndi awiri omwe ali achisilamu: Iran, Iraq, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria. , ndi Yemen, kuphatikizapo kuletsa kwa masiku 120 kwa anthu othawa kwawo. Poyang'anizana ndi ziwonetsero zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira ndi zodzudzula, komanso milandu yambiri yotsutsana ndi lamuloli komanso chiletso cha dziko lonse kuchokera ku Khothi Lachigawo la Federal, Purezidenti Trump adapereka ndondomeko yosinthidwa ya lamulo lalikulu pa March 6, 2017. maziko a ubale waukazembe wa US-Iraq, ndikusunga chiletso kwakanthawi kwa anthu ochokera ku Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, ndi Yemen chifukwa chodera nkhawa zachitetezo cha dziko.
Cholinga cha pepalali sikukambitsirana mwatsatanetsatane zochitika zomwe Purezidenti Trump adaletsa kuyenda, koma kuganizira zotsatira za chigamulo cha Supreme Court chaposachedwa chomwe chimavomereza kuti mbali zina zoletsa kuyenda zichitike. Kusinkhasinkhaku kudachokera pa nkhani ya pa June 26, 2017 Washington Post yolembedwa ndi a Robert Barnes ndi a Matt Zapotosky ndipo yamutu wakuti “Khoti Lalikulu lamilandu limalola kuti kuletsa kwaulendo kwa Trump kuyambe kugwira ntchito ndipo iganiziranso mlandu womwe wagwa.” M'zigawo zotsatirazi, zotsutsana za maphwando omwe akukhudzidwa ndi mkanganowu ndi chigamulo cha Khoti Lalikulu Kwambiri zidzaperekedwa, ndikutsatiridwa ndi kukambirana tanthauzo la chigamulo cha Khotilo mogwirizana ndi kumvetsetsa kwathunthu kwa ndondomeko ya boma. Pepalali likumaliza ndi mndandanda wa malingaliro amomwe mungachepetsere ndikupewa zovuta zofanana za ndondomeko za anthu m'tsogolomu.
Maphwando omwe akukhudzidwa pa Mlanduwu
Malinga ndi nkhani ya Washington Post powunikiranso, mikangano yoletsa kuyenda kwa Trump yomwe idabweretsedwa ku Khothi Lalikulu ikukhudza milandu iwiri yolumikizana yomwe idagamulidwa kale ndi Khothi Loona za Apilo la US kudera lachinayi ndi Khothi Loona za Apilo ku US kudera lachisanu ndi chinayi motsutsana ndi Purezidenti Trump. kufuna. Pomwe maphwando pamilandu yakaleyo ndi Purezidenti Trump, et al. motsutsana ndi International Refugee Assistance Project, et al., Nkhani yomalizayi ikukhudza Purezidenti Trump, et al. motsutsana ndi Hawaii, et al.
Posakhutira ndi malamulo a makhothi a apilo omwe amaletsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa lamulo loletsa kuyenda, Purezidenti Trump adaganiza zobweretsa mlanduwu ku Khothi Lalikulu kuti certiorari ndi pempho loletsa makhothi ang'onoang'ono. Pa June 26, 2017, Khoti Lalikulu Kwambiri linavomereza pempho la Purezidenti la certiorari mokwanira, ndipo pempho loimitsa mlanduwo linavomerezedwa pang’ono. Ichi chinali chipambano chachikulu kwa Purezidenti.
Nkhani za Wina ndi Mnzake - Momwe aliyense amamvetsetsa zomwe zikuchitika komanso chifukwa chake
Nkhani ya Purezidenti Trump, et al. - Maiko achisilamu akubala uchigawenga.
Udindo: Nzika za maiko ambiri achisilamu - Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, ndi Yemen - ziyenera kuyimitsidwa kulowa mu United States kwa masiku 90; ndi United States Refugee Admissions Program (USRAP) aziimitsidwa kwa masiku 120, pomwe chiwerengero cha othawa kwawo mu 2017 chiyenera kuchepetsedwa.
Chidwi:
Chitetezo / Zokonda Zachitetezo: Kulola anthu a m’mayiko amene ali achisilamu ambiri kulowa m’dziko la United States kudzabweretsa ziwopsezo za chitetezo cha dziko. Choncho, kuyimitsidwa kwa visa yopereka visa kwa akunja ochokera ku Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, ndi Yemen kudzathandiza kuteteza United States ku zigawenga. Komanso, pofuna kuchepetsa ziwopsezo zomwe zigawenga zakunja zimabweretsa ku chitetezo cha dziko lathu, ndikofunikira kuti dziko la United States liyimitse pulogalamu yake yovomereza othawa kwawo. Zigawenga zimatha kulowa m'dziko lathu limodzi ndi anthu othawa kwawo. Komabe, kuloledwa kwa othawa kwawo achikristu kungaganizidwe. Chifukwa chake, anthu aku America ayenera kuthandizira Executive Order No. 13780: Kuteteza Dziko Kulowa Zigawenga Zakunja ku United States. Kuyimitsidwa kwa masiku 90 ndi masiku 120 motsatana kudzalola mabungwe oyenerera mkati mwa dipatimenti ya Boma ndi Chitetezo cha Padziko Lonse kuti awunikenso kuchuluka kwa ziwopsezo zachitetezo zomwe mayikowa akukumana nazo ndikuzindikira njira zoyenera ndi njira zomwe ziyenera kutsatiridwa.
Chidwi pazachuma: Poimitsa kaye pulogalamu ya United States Refugee Admissions Programme kenako kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha anthu othawa kwawo, tidzapulumutsa madola mamiliyoni mazana ambiri m’chaka cha 2017, ndipo madola amenewa adzagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga ntchito kwa anthu a ku America.
Nkhani ya Ntchito ya International Refugee Assistance Project, et al. ndi Hawaii, et al. - Pulezidenti Trump's Executive Order No. 13780 amasankha Asilamu.
Udindo: Anthu oyenerera komanso othawa kwawo ochokera m’mayiko achisilamu amenewa – Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, ndi Yemen – ayenera kuloledwa kulowa m’dziko la United States monga mmene anthu a m’mayiko ambiri achikhristu amaloledwa kulowa m’dziko la United States.
Chidwi:
Chitetezo / Zokonda Zachitetezo: Kuletsa nzika za mayiko achisilamuwa kulowa m'dziko la United States kumapangitsa Asilamu kumva kuti akuzunzidwa ndi dziko la United States chifukwa cha chipembedzo chawo cha Chisilamu. "Kutsata" kumeneku kumawopseza kudziwika kwawo ndi chitetezo padziko lonse lapansi. Komanso, kuyimitsa pulogalamu ya United States Refugee Admissions Programme kumaphwanya malamulo a mayiko omwe amatsimikizira chitetezo ndi chitetezo cha anthu othawa kwawo.
Zofuna Zathupi ndi Chidwi Chodziwonetsera: Anthu ambiri ochokera m'mayiko achisilamuwa amadalira ulendo wawo wopita ku United States chifukwa cha zosowa zawo za thupi komanso kudziwonetsera okha mwa kutenga nawo mbali pa maphunziro, bizinesi, ntchito, kapena kuyanjananso ndi mabanja.
Ufulu Wachilamulo ndi Ulemu: Pomaliza komanso chofunikira kwambiri, Executive Order ya Purezidenti Trump imasankha zipembedzo zachisilamu mokomera zipembedzo zina. Zimalimbikitsidwa ndi chikhumbo chofuna kuti Asilamu asalowe ku United States osati chifukwa cha chitetezo cha dziko. Choncho, zikuphwanya Chigawo Chokhazikitsa Chigawo Choyambirira chomwe sichimangoletsa maboma kupanga malamulo okhazikitsa chipembedzo, komanso chimaletsa ndondomeko za boma zomwe zimakondera chipembedzo china.
Chigamulo cha Khothi Lalikulu
Pofuna kulinganiza zowona zomwe zili mbali zonse ziwiri za mikangano, Khothi Lalikulu la Supreme Court lidavomereza lingaliro lapakati. Choyamba, pempho la Purezidenti la certiorari linaperekedwa mokwanira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti Khoti Lalikulu Kwambiri lavomereza kuti liwunikenso mlanduwu, ndipo mlanduwu ukukonzekera mu October 2017. Chachiwiri, pempho lachigamulocho linaperekedwa pang'ono ndi Khoti Lalikulu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti lamulo la Purezidenti Trump litha kugwira ntchito kwa nzika za mayiko asanu ndi limodzi omwe ali ndi Asilamu ambiri, kuphatikiza othawa kwawo, omwe sangakhazikitse "chidziwitso chodalirika cha ubale weniweni ndi munthu kapena bungwe ku United States." Iwo omwe ali ndi "chidziwitso chodalirika cha ubale weniweni ndi munthu kapena bungwe ku United States" - mwachitsanzo, ophunzira, achibale, ogwira nawo ntchito, ogwira ntchito kunja, ndi zina zotero - ayenera kuloledwa kulowa mu United States.
Kumvetsetsa Chigamulo cha Khothi kuchokera ku Kawonedwe ka Ndondomeko Ya Anthu
Mlandu woletsa kuyendawu walandira chidwi kwambiri chifukwa udachitika panthawi yomwe dziko lapansi likukumana ndi chiwopsezo cha utsogoleri wamakono waku America. Mu Purezidenti Trump, zowoneka bwino, zowoneka ngati hollywood, komanso zowonetsa zenizeni za apurezidenti amakono aku America afika pachimake. Kuwongolera kwa Trump pazofalitsa kumamupangitsa kukhala wosakhazikika m'nyumba zathu komanso chikumbumtima chathu. Kuyambira pamakampeni mpaka pano, ola silinadutse osamva atolankhani akulankhula zankhani ya Trump. Izi sichifukwa cha zomwe zili mu nkhaniyi koma chifukwa zikuchokera ku Trump. Poganizira kuti Purezidenti Trump (ngakhale asanasankhidwe kukhala purezidenti) amakhala nafe m'nyumba zathu, titha kukumbukira mosavuta lonjezo lake la kampeni yoletsa Asilamu onse kulowa ku United States. Lamuloli likukwaniritsa lonjezolo. Purezidenti Trump akadakhala wanzeru komanso waulemu pakugwiritsa ntchito zoulutsira mawu - pazofalitsa zapagulu komanso zodziwika bwino -, kutanthauzira kwa anthu paulamuliro wake kukanakhala kosiyana. Mwina, lamulo lake loletsa kuyenda likanamveka ngati njira yachitetezo cha dziko osati ngati ndondomeko yopangira tsankho kwa Asilamu.
Kutsutsana kwa iwo omwe amatsutsa chiletso cha Purezidenti Trump kumadzutsa mafunso ofunikira okhudza mapangidwe ndi mbiri yakale ya ndale zaku America zomwe zimapanga mfundo za anthu. Kodi ndale za ku America sizilowerera ndale komanso ndondomeko zomwe zimachokera kwa iwo? Ndikosavuta bwanji kukhazikitsa zosintha mu ndale zaku America?
Kuti tiyankhe funso loyamba, lamulo loletsa kuyenda kwa Purezidenti Trump likuwonetsa momwe dongosololi ndi ndondomeko zomwe zimapanga zitha kukhala ngati zisiyidwa. Mbiri ya dziko la United States imavumbula malamulo ambirimbiri atsankho omwe amapangidwa kuti achotse magulu ena a anthu m'mayiko ndi kunja. Ndondomeko zatsankhozi zikuphatikizapo, pakati pa zinthu za umwini wa akapolo, kusankhana m'madera osiyanasiyana a anthu, kuchotsa anthu akuda ngakhalenso amayi kuti asavotere komanso kupikisana nawo pa maudindo a boma, kuletsa maukwati amitundu ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, kutsekeredwa m'ndende kwa anthu a ku America ku Japan pa nthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse. , ndi malamulo a ku US asanafike 1965 omwe anaperekedwa kuti akomere kumpoto kwa Ulaya monga magulu apamwamba a mtundu woyera. Chifukwa cha zionetsero zosalekeza ndi mitundu ina ya kulimbikitsana ndi magulu a anthu, malamulowa anasinthidwa pang’onopang’ono. Nthawi zina, adachotsedwa ndi Congress. M’milandu ina yambiri, Khoti Lalikulu Kwambiri linagamula kuti zinali zosemphana ndi malamulo.
Kuti tiyankhe funso lachiwiri: ndikosavuta bwanji kukhazikitsa zosintha zandale mkati mwa ndale zaku America? Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti kusintha kwa ndondomeko kapena kusintha kwa malamulo ndizovuta kwambiri kuti zitheke chifukwa cha lingaliro la "kuletsa ndondomeko". Makhalidwe a Constitution ya US, mfundo za cheke ndi milingo, kulekanitsa maulamuliro, ndi dongosolo la feduro la boma la demokalase zimapangitsa kukhala kovuta kuti nthambi iliyonse ya boma ikwaniritse zosintha mwachangu. Lamulo loletsa kuyenda kwa Purezidenti Trump likadayamba kugwira ntchito pakadapanda kuletsa mfundo kapena macheke ndi miyeso. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, zidatsimikiziridwa ndi makhoti ang'onoang'ono kuti lamulo la Pulezidenti Trump likuphwanya lamulo lokhazikitsidwa la First Amendment lomwe lili mu Constitution. Pachifukwa ichi, makhoti ang'onoang'ono adapereka zigamulo ziwiri zosiyana zoletsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa lamulo lalikulu.
Ngakhale kuti Khoti Lalikulu Kwambiri linapereka pempho la Purezidenti la certiorari mokwanira, ndipo linapereka gawo lopempha kuti likhalebe, Chigawo Chokhazikitsidwa cha First Amendment chimakhalabe choletsa chomwe chimalepheretsa kukhazikitsidwa kwathunthu kwa lamulo lalikulu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake Khothi Lalikulu lidagamula kuti lamulo la Purezidenti Trump silingagwire ntchito kwa iwo omwe ali ndi "chidziwitso chotsimikizika cha ubale weniweni ndi munthu kapena bungwe ku United States." Pomaliza, mlanduwu ukuunikiranso udindo wa Khothi Lalikulu pokonza mfundo za boma ku United States.
Malangizo: Kupewa Mavuto Ofananirako a Ndondomeko Za Anthu M'tsogolomu
Kuchokera pamalingaliro a anthu wamba, ndikutengera zowona ndi zidziwitso zomwe zilipo pokhudzana ndi chitetezo m'maiko oyimitsidwa - Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, ndi Yemen - zitha kutsutsidwa kuti kusamala kopitilira muyeso kuyenera kutsatiridwa musanavomereze anthu. kuchokera kumayiko awa kupita ku United States. Ngakhale kuti mayikowa sali oimira mayiko onse omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha chitetezo - mwachitsanzo, zigawenga zafika ku United States kuchokera ku Saudi Arabia m'mbuyomu, ndipo mabomba a Boston ndi mabomba a Khirisimasi mu ndege si ochokera m'mayiko awa- , Purezidenti wa US akadali ndi udindo wokhazikitsa malamulo oyendetsera dziko la US kuti atetezere dziko la US ku ziwopsezo zachitetezo chakunja ndi zigawenga.
Ntchito yoteteza, komabe, isagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati izi zikuphwanya malamulo oyendetsera dziko. Apa ndi pomwe Purezidenti Trump adalephera. Pofuna kubwezeretsa chikhulupiliro ndi chidaliro mwa anthu aku America, komanso kupewa kulakwitsa kotereku m'tsogolomu, ndi bwino kuti apurezidenti atsopano a US atsatire malangizo ena asanapereke malamulo oyambitsa mikangano monga kuletsa kwa Purezidenti Trump maiko asanu ndi awiri.
- Osapanga malonjezo a mfundo zomwe zimasala anthu ambiri panthawi ya kampeni ya pulezidenti.
- Mukasankhidwa kukhala purezidenti, onaninso ndondomeko zomwe zilipo kale, malingaliro omwe amawatsogolera, ndi malamulo awo.
- Kambiranani ndi akatswiri a mfundo za boma ndi malamulo oyendetsera dziko lino kuti muonetsetse kuti malamulo atsopano ndi ogwirizana ndi malamulo oyendetsera dziko lino komanso kuti ayankhapo pa nkhani zenizeni komanso zomwe zikubwera.
- Khalani osamala pazandale, khalani omasuka kumvetsera ndi kuphunzira, komanso kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito twitter mosalekeza.
Wolemba, Dr. Basil Ugorji, ndi Purezidenti ndi CEO wa International Center for Ethno-Religious Mediation. Iye analandira Ph.D. mu Kusanthula ndi Kuthetsa Mikangano kuchokera ku dipatimenti ya Conflict Resolution Studies, College of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida.
