Statement of International Center for Ethno-Religious Mediation to the Ninth Session of the United Nations Open-Ended Working Group on Ukalamba

Pofika chaka cha 2050, anthu opitilira 20 peresenti ya anthu padziko lapansi adzakhala ali ndi zaka 60 kapena kuposerapo. Ndidzakhala ndi zaka 81, ndipo m’njira zina, sindiyembekeza kuti dziko lidzakhala lodziŵika, monga momwe zinalili zosadziŵika kwa “Jane”, yemwe anamwalira mu February ali ndi zaka 88. Anabadwira kumudzi wina ku United States. Mayiko kumayambiriro kwa Kukhumudwa Kwakukulu, adagawana nkhani zokhala ndi mwayi wopeza madzi apampopi, kugawira chakudya pankhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, kutaya abambo ake kuti adziphe, komanso imfa ya mlongo wake ndi matenda amtima zaka zingapo asanatulukire maopaleshoni otsegula mtima. Bungwe la US Women's Suffrage Movement lidachitika pakati pa Jane ndi azilongo ake atatu, kumupatsa ufulu wodziyimira pawokha komanso mwayi, komabe adawonekeranso. chiwerengero cha quo kugwiriridwa ntchito, nkhanza za ndalama kunyumba, ndi kugonana m'mabwalo amilandu, pofunafuna chithandizo cha ana kwa mwamuna wake wakale.

Jane sanafooke. Analembera makalata oimira boma lake ndipo anavomera thandizo kuchokera kwa achibale, mabwenzi, ndi anthu ammudzi. M’kupita kwa nthaŵi, anapeza chichirikizo chimene anafunikira ndi chilungamo choyenerera. Tiyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti anthu onse ali ndi mwayi wofanana kuzinthu zotere.

Kudzilamulira ndi Kudziimira

Ku US, mayiko ambiri ali ndi malamulo osamalira okalamba omwe amateteza ufulu wa anthu okalamba popereka kuwunika kwa makhothi pazoletsa zilizonse paufuluwu. Komabe, pali chitetezo chosakwanira pamene mkulu apereka mwaufulu kapena kugawana nawos maufulu ena, monga kudzera mu Powers of Attorney (POA) posankha Woyimira milandu (AIF) kuti apange zisankho zokhudzana ndi katundu weniweni, katundu waumwini, ndalama, ndi zochitika zina zachuma. Nthawi zambiri, pamakhala zovuta pazochita zotere, pomwe nkhanza ndi kusakhoza kutsimikiziridwa, ndipo mabanja ambiri alibe maphunziro apadera kuti azindikire zizindikiro za nkhanza.

Mmodzi mwa anthu 60 aliwonse azaka zopitilira XNUMX akuzunzidwa. Monga momwe nthawi zambiri amachitira nkhanza, wozunzidwayo amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu komanso chosavuta kuwongolera akakhala kutali ndi machitidwe othandizira, maphunziro, ndi ntchito zina zachitukuko. Tiyenera kuchita ntchito yabwino yophatikiza akuluakulu athu m'mabanja athu, malo okhala, masukulu, malo antchito, ndi madera. Tiyeneranso kukulitsa luso la anthu omwe amakumana ndi okalamba, kuti athe kuzindikira zizindikiro za nkhanza ndi mwayi wopititsa patsogolo miyoyo ya anthu osankhidwa amitundu yonse.

Kutatsala masiku awiri kuti Jane amwalire, anasaina kalata yodalirika ya POA yomwe inapatsa m’bale wina m’banja lake udindo womupangira zosankha. AIF sanamvetse kuti mphamvu zake zinali zochepa chabe pazosankha zomwe Jane adachita, ndipo adakonzekera "kuwononga" zambiri za Jane. AIF inali kuyesera kuti Jane ayenerere thandizo la boma lodalira chuma, kunyalanyaza mphamvu ya Jane yomulipirira chisamaliro chake ndipo adanena kuti akufuna kubwerera kunyumba kwake. AIF inali kuyesanso kusunga katundu wa malowa, omwe adapindula nawo.

Podziwa kuti kwawo kwa Jane kunali kofunikira kuti akafotokozere, akuluakulu ena atazindikira kuti akhoza kuchitiridwa nkhanza, mmodzi mwa anthu a m'banja la Jane anadziwitsa akuluakulu a boma za zizindikiro 11 zokayikitsa kuti akuzunzidwa. Ngakhale analamula, palibe chomwe chinachitidwa. Jane akadapanda kufa posachedwa POA itasainidwa, AIF ikhoza kufufuzidwa chifukwa cha Medicaid Fraud and Elder Abuse.

Sitidzadziwa kuti lamuloli likanateteza bwanji ufulu wa Jane wodzilamulira. Komabe, anthu athu akamakalamba, padzakhala nkhani zambiri ngati zake, ndipo sizingatheke kuti tingodalira Lamulo la Chilamulo kuteteza akulu ngati Jane.

Long-akuti Chisamaliro ndi Wosangalatsa Chisamaliro

Jane adapindula ndi mankhwala amakono ndipo adagonjetsa khansa katatu. Komabe adayeneranso kulimbana ndi omwe amamunyamulira inshuwaransi, gulu lachipatala, madipatimenti olipira omwe amapereka, ndi ena pachilichonse kuchokera ku chithandizo chomwe amafunikira kuti alemekeze kulimba mtima kwake komanso luso lake lamalingaliro. Atapuma pantchito, anadzipereka kwa zaka 18 m’malo osungira akazi opanda pokhala, kusamalira achibale achichepere, ndi kupitiriza kutsogolera banja lake ndi banja lake, komabe nthaŵi zambiri ankamuona ngati kuti ayenera kuthokoza chifukwa cha moyo wake wautali, m’malo mongofuna moyo wake wonse. anapitirizabe kumuchiritsa matenda osiyanasiyana. Pofika nthawi yomwe adathamangitsidwa mu opareshoni ina, ndulu yake inali itabowoleredwa ndi ndulu yomwe yakhala ikuwunjikana kwa zaka pafupifupi 10-pamene gulu lake lachipatala linatsutsa kudandaula kwake kwa m'mimba monga "ukalamba". Anachira ndipo anakhala zaka zina zitatu.

Kunali kugwa kwapang'ono komwe kudapangitsa kuti Jane alowe m'malo otsitsirako. Anagwa m'nyumba mwake, momwe ankadzikhalira yekha, ndipo kachala kakang'ono kwambiri kudzanja lake lamanja anathyoka. Anachita nthabwala ndi mmodzi wa ana ake aakazi ponena za mmene anafunikira kuphunzira kuyenda ndi nsapato zake zatsopano. Pamene amachoka ku ofesi ya dokotalayo, komwe adakawonana naye, adagwa ndikuthyoka chiuno chake, koma amayembekezeredwa kuti abwerere ku chikhalidwe chake pambuyo pa milungu ingapo ya chithandizo chakuthupi ndi chantchito.

Jane anali atachira kale khansa ya m’mawere, mankhwala oletsa kutupa ndi mankhwala amphamvu, opaleshoni yochotsa chibayo, kuchotsa m’chiuno pang’ono, kuchotsa ndulu, ndi kusintha mapewa ake—ngakhale pamene ogonetsa ogonetsa anam’patsa mankhwala mopambanitsa ndi kukomoka mapapo ake okhawo. Choncho, achibale ake ankayembekezera kuchira bwino kwambiri kuposa poyamba. Iwo kapena iye sanayambe kukonzekera zoyipa, mpaka atadwala matenda awiri (omwe akanatha kupewedwa). Matendawa adathetsedwa, koma adatsatiridwa ndi chibayo ndi matenda a atrial fibrillation.

Banja la Jane silinagwirizane pa dongosolo lake la chisamaliro. Ngakhale kuti anali ndi maganizo ndiponso malamulo oti azisankha yekha zochita, kukambirana kunachitika kwa milungu ingapo popanda dokotala womulera. M'malo mwake, gulu lake lachipatala limalankhula nthawi ndi nthawi kwa wachibale yemwe pambuyo pake adakhala AIF. Dongosolo lomulowetsa Jane kumalo osungirako anthu okalamba—motsutsana ndi chifuniro chake koma kuti AIF athandizidwe—anakambidwa pamaso pa Jane ngati panalibe, ndipo anathedwa nzeru kwambiri kuti asayankhe.

Jane anali ndi ufulu wopereka ufulu kwa munthu yemwe analibe luso lofufuza ndondomeko za inshuwalansi zovuta zomwe zinakhudza chithandizo chake, yemwe anali kunyalanyaza zofuna zake, komanso amene anali kupanga zosankha kuti apindule yekha (komanso chifukwa cha kutopa kapena mantha). Malangizo abwino azachipatala, kulimbikira kwa malo othandizira anthu odwala matenda ashuga, komanso maphunziro ofunikira a AIF mwina zingapangitse kusiyana kwa chisamaliro cha Jane ndikusunga ubale wabanja.

Kuyang'ana Patsogolo

International Center for Ethno-Religious Mediation (ICERM) yadzipereka kuthandizira mtendere wokhazikika m'mayiko padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo izi sizidzachitika popanda akulu athu. Chifukwa chake, takhazikitsa World Elders Forum, ndipo Msonkhano wathu wa 2018 udzayang'ana pa Traditional Systems of Conflict Resolution. Msonkhanowu ukhala ndi zokambirana zochokera kwa mafumu ndi atsogoleri adziko lonse lapansi, omwe ambiri mwa iwo ndi achikulire.

Kuphatikiza apo, ICERM imapereka maphunziro ndi ziphaso mu Ethno-Religious Mediation. M’phunziro limenelo, timakambitsirana za mmene mipata yopulumutsira miyoyo inaphonyedwera, mwa zina chifukwa cha kulephera kwa anthu aulamuliro kulingalira malingaliro a dziko a ena. Timakambirananso zoperewera pakuthetsa mikangano ndikungotengapo mbali kwa Atsogoleri Apamwamba, apakati, kapena a Grassroots Leaders. Popanda njira yowonjezereka, yokhudzana ndi anthu, mtendere wokhazikika sizingatheke (onani Cholinga 16).

Ku ICERM, timalimbikitsa ndi kulimbikitsa zokambirana pakati pamagulu omwe amawoneka mosiyana. Tikukupemphani kuti muchite chimodzimodzi, mu gawo lachisanu ndi chinayi la Open-Ended Working Group on Ageing:

1. Ganizirani maganizo a anthu a m’dzikoli, ngakhale ngati simukugwirizana nawo.
2. Mvetserani ndi cholinga choti mumvetse, osawonjezera mkangano kapena kutsutsa.
3. Ganizirani za zomwe mwalonjeza komanso momwe mungakwaniritsire popanda kufooketsa zolinga za ena.
4. Yesetsani kupatsa mphamvu nzika zathu zokalamba, kukulitsa mawu awo osati kuwateteza ku nkhanza, komanso kukonza njira zothetsera zomwe akufuna komanso zosowa zawo.
5. Pezani mipata yomwe imalola anthu ambiri kuti apindule.

Pakhoza kukhala mwayi wochepetsera kuchuluka kwa ulova ndi mapindu olipidwa osamalira mabanja. Izi zitha kulola onyamula inshuwaransi yazaumoyo (kaya amalipidwa mwachinsinsi kapena ndi misonkho yoperekedwa kwa omwe amalipira m'modzi) kuti achepetse mtengo wa chithandizo, pomwe akupatsa anthu opanda ntchito ndalama. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pa Cholinga choyamba, poganizira kuti padziko lonse lapansi ambiri omwe ali paumphawi ndi amayi ndi ana, nthawi zambiri amakhala kumidzi. Tikudziwanso kuti amayi amapereka chithandizo chosalipidwa kwambiri, makamaka m'mabanja, kuphatikizapo achibale akuluakulu, kuphatikizapo ana. Izi zitha kupititsa patsogolo zolinga 1, 2, 3, 5, ndi 8.

Mofananamo, tili ndi chiŵerengero cha achinyamata opanda alangizi ndi chiŵerengero cha makolo. Ikhoza kukhala nthawi yoti tiganizirenso za maphunziro athu, kulola kuphunzira kwa moyo wonse, maphunziro ndi luso la moyo. Masukulu athu nthawi zambiri amangoyang'ana pa "maphunziro" akanthawi kochepa, okhazikika pamayeso omwe amayenerera ophunzira ku koleji. Sikuti wophunzira aliyense adzapita ku koleji, koma ambiri adzafunika luso la zachuma, kulera ana, ndi luso lamakono - maluso omwe anthu ambiri okalamba ali nawo, komabe angafune kupititsa patsogolo. Njira imodzi yowonjezerera kumvetsetsa ndi kuphunzitsa kapena kulangiza, zomwe zingalole ophunzira achikulire kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kupanga mayanjano ochezera, ndikukhalabe ndi malingaliro ofunikira. Komanso, ophunzira ang'onoang'ono amapindula ndi malingaliro atsopano, kachitidwe kachitidwe, ndi utsogoleri mu luso monga luso lamakono kapena masamu atsopano. Kuphatikiza apo, masukulu atha kupindula ndi achikulire owonjezera omwe ali nawo kuti achepetse makhalidwe osayenera kuchokera kwa achinyamata omwe akudziwabe kuti iwo ndi ndani komanso komwe akuyenerera.

Zikaganiziridwa ngati mgwirizano pakati pa maphwando omwe ali ndi zokonda zofananira, ngati sizili zofanana, mwayi wowonjezera umatuluka. Tiyeni titsegule zokambirana zomwe zimatithandiza kudziwa zochita kuti zotheka zimenezo zikhale zenizeni.

Nance L. Schick, Esq., Main Representative of International Center for Ethno-Religious Mediation ku United Nations Headquarters, New York.