Kusununguka kweCatalan - Spanish Unity Conflict
Chii chaitika? Nhoroondo Yekukonana
Musi wa1 Gumiguru 2017, Catalonia, nyika yeSpain, yakaita referendamu pamusoro pekuzvimirira kubva kuSpain. 43% yeruzhinji rweCatalan yakavhota, uye kune avo vakavhota, makumi mapfumbamwe kubva muzana vaitsigira rusununguko. Spain yakazivisa kuti referendamu yakanga isiri pamutemo uye yakataura kuti ivo havazoremekedze zvakabuda.
Bato rekutsvaga rusununguko rweCatalan rakamuka zvakare zvichitevera kusamira zvakanaka kwehupfumi muna 2008 mushure mekunyepa. Kushaikwa kwemabasa muCatalonia kwakawedzera, sezvakaita fungidziro yekuti hurumende yepakati yeSpain yaive nemhosva, uye kuti Catalonia yaizoita zvirinani kana yaigona kushanda yakazvimirira. Catalonia yakatsigira kuwedzera kuzvitonga asi padanho renyika muna 2010 Spain yakaramba shanduko dzakarongwa neCatalonia, ichisimbisa tsitsi kune rusununguko.
Ndichitarisa kumashure, kuparara kwehumambo hweSpain nekuda kwekubudirira kwemafambisirwo ekuzvimirira kwekoloni uye Hondo yeSpain-America yakanetesa Spain, zvichiita kuti ive panjodzi yehondo yevagari vemo. Apo General Franco, mudzvanyiriri wechiFascist, akabatanidza nyika muna 1939, akarambidza mutauro wechiCatalan. Somugumisiro, sangano reCatalan rusununguko rinozviona serinopesana nefascist. Izvi zvakakonzera kutsamwa pakati pevamwe vemubatanidzwa, avo vanozvionawo sevanopokana nefascist, uye vanonzwa kuti vari kuiswa muzvikamu zvisiri izvo.
Nyaya Dzemumwe nemumwe - Manzwisisiro anoita Munhu Mumwe nemumwe Mamiriro ezvinhu uye Sei
Catalan Independence - Catalonia inofanira kubva kuSpain.
Nzvimbo: Catalonia inofanira kugamuchirwa senyika yakasununguka, yakasununguka kuzvitonga uye kwete pasi pemitemo yeSpain.
Nharaunda:
Legitimacy of Process: Vazhinji vevanhu vechiCatalan vari kufarira rusununguko. Sekutaura kwakaita Mutungamiriri wedu weCatalan Carles Puidgemont muhurukuro yake kuEuropean Union, "Kusarudza nedemocracy remangwana renyika haisi mhosva." Tiri kushandisa kuvhota nekuratidzira, zvinova nzira dzerunyararo, kuita zvido zvedu. Hatigone kuvimba neSeneti, inotsigira Mutungamiriri Mariano Rajoy, kutibata zvakanaka. Takatoona mhirizhonga kubva kumapurisa enyika patakaita sarudzo dzedu. Vakaedza kukanganisa kodzero yedu yekuzvisarudzira. Chavasina kuziva ndechekuti izvi zvinongosimbisa nyaya yedu.
Cultural Preservation: Tiri rudzi rwekare. Takamanikidzwa kupinda muSpain nomudzvinyiriri wechiFascist Franco muna 1939, asi hatizvirangariri timene vokuSpain. Tinoshuvira kushandisa rurimi rwedu pachedu muhupenyu hwevanhu uye nekucherechedza mitemo yeparamende yedu. Chimiro chedu chetsika chakatsikirirwa pasi pehudzvanyiriri hwaFranco. Tinonzwisisa kuti tiri munjodzi yekurasikirwa nezvatisingachengetedzi.
Kugarika Kwehupfumi: Catalonia inyika yakabudirira. Mitero yedu inotsigira inotaura kuti haipei zvakanyanya sezvatinoita. Imwe yezvinyorwa zvesangano redu ndezvokuti, “Madrid iri kutibira”—kwete kuzvitonga kwedu chete, asiwo upfumi hwedu. Kuti tishande takazvimirira, taivimba zvakanyanya nehukama hwedu nedzimwe nhengo dzeEuropean Union. Isu parizvino tinoita bhizinesi neEU uye tinoshuvira kuenderera mberi nehukama ihwohwo. Tatova nemamishini ekunze akaiswa mukati meCatalonia. Tinovimba kuti EU ichaziva nyika itsva yatiri kugadzira, asi isu tinoziva kuti tinoda kugamuchirwa neSpain zvakare, kuti tive nhengo.
Precedent: Tiri kukumbira kuEuropean Union kuti itibvume. Tingave nyika yekutanga kubva kune imwe nhengo yeEurozone, asi kuumbwa kwenyika itsva hachisi chinhu chitsva muEurope. Kukamukana kwenyika kwakatangwa pashure peHondo Yenyika II hakuna kumira zvakanaka. Soviet Union yakakamukana kuva marudzi anozvitonga pashure pokukamukana, uye kunyange nguva pfupi yapfuura, vakawanda muScotland vave vachisunda kubuda muUnited Kingdom. Kosovo, Montenegro, neSerbia zvose zvitsva.
Spanish Unity - Catalonia inofanira kuramba iri nyika mukati meSpain.
Nzvimbo: Catalonia inyika muSpain uye haifanirwe kuyedza kuzvibvisa. Pane kudaro inofanira kutsvaga kuzadzisa zvido zvayo mukati mechimiro chiripo.
Nharaunda:
Legitimacy of Process: The Gumiguru 1st referendamu yakanga isiri pamutemo uye yakanga iri kunze kwemiganhu yeBumbiro reMitemo redu. Mapurisa eko akabvumira kuti kuvhote zvisiri pamutemo kuitwe, izvo zvavaifanira kunge vakaita kuti vadzivise. Taifanira kudana mapurisa enyika kuti adzore mamiriro acho ezvinhu. Takaronga kuita sarudzo itsva, dziri pamutemo, dzatinotenda kuti dzichadzoreredza hushamwari nehutongi hwejekerere. Zvichakadaro, Mutungamiriri wedu Mariano Rajoy ari kushandisa Chinyorwa 155 kubvisa Mutungamiri weCatalan Carles Puidgemont pachigaro, uye kupomera mukuru wemapurisa eCatalan Josep Lluis Trapero nekupandukira.
Cultural Preservation: Spain inyika yakasiyana-siyana inoumbwa netsika dzakawanda dzakasiyana, imwe neimwe inotsigira kuzivikanwa kwenyika. Isu tinoumbwa nematunhu gumi nemanomwe, uye akasunganidzwa pamwechete kuburikidza nemutauro, tsika, uye kufamba kwakasununguka kwenhengo dzedu. Vanhu vazhinji mukati meCatalonia vanonzwa pfungwa yakasimba yekuzivikanwa kweSpanish. Musarudzo dzekupedzisira dzepamutemo, 40% yakavhotera pro-unionist. Vachava vashoma vanotambudzwa here kana rusununguko ruchienderera mberi? Kuzivikanwa hakudi kuti pave pachedu. Zvinogoneka kudada nekuve zvese Spanish neCatalan.
Kugarika Kwehupfumi: Catalonia inobatsira zvikuru kuhupfumi hwedu hwese uye dai vaizozviparadzanisa, taizorasikirwa. Tinoda kuita zvatinogona kudzivirira kurasikirwa ikoko. Zvakakodzera kuti matunhu akapfuma atsigire varombo. Catalonia ine chikwereti kuhurumende yenyika yeSpain, uye inotarisirwa kubatsira mukubhadhara zvikwereti zveSpain kune dzimwe nyika. Vane zvavanosungirwa kuti vazive. Uyezve, kusagadzikana kwese uku kwakaipa kune kushanya nehupfumi hwedu. Kusiya kuchakuvadza Catalonia zvakare nekuti makambani makuru haazode kuita bhizinesi ikoko. Sabadell, semuenzaniso, yakatotamisa dzimbahwe rayo kune imwe nharaunda.
Precedent: Catalonia haisiriyo yega dunhu muSpain rakaratidza kufarira kuzviparadzanisa. Isu takaona Basque rusununguko kufamba uye kushandurwa. Zvino, vazhinji vekuSpain mudunhu reBasque vanowanzoratidza kugutsikana nehukama hwavo nehurumende yepakati. Tinoda kuchengetedza runyararo uye kusavhura zvakare kufarira kuzvitonga kune mamwe matunhu eSpanish.
Mediation Project: Mediation Case Study yakagadzirwa na Laura Waldman, 2017
