Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB): A Revitalized Social Movement muNigeria
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Iri bepa rinotarisa nezveChikunguru 7, 2017 Washington Post chinyorwa chakanyorwa naEromo Egbejule, uye chakanzi "Makore makumi mashanu gare gare, Nigeria yatadza kudzidza kubva kuhondo yayo inotyisa yevagari vemo." Zvinhu zviviri zvakabata pfungwa dzangu pandakanga ndichiongorora zviri muchinyorwa ichi. Yekutanga mufananidzo webutiro uyo vapepeti vakasarudzira chinyorwa chakatorwa kubva ku Agence France-Presse / Getty Mifananidzo ine tsananguro inoti: “Vatsigiri veMarudzi eMarudzi eBiafra vanofora muPort Harcourt muna Ndira.” Chinhu chechipiri chakabata pfungwa dzangu izuva rekuburitswa kwechinyorwa unova Chikunguru 7, 2017.
Zvichienderana nechiratidzo chezvinhu zviviri izvi – chinyorwa chinyorwa mufananidzo nezuva –, bepa rino rinoda kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvitatu: chekutanga, kutsanangura madingindira makuru ari muchinyorwa chaEgbejule; chechipiri, kuita ongororo yehemeneutic yemadingindira aya kubva pamaonero edzidziso nemafungiro akakodzera muzvidzidzo zvekufamba kwevanhu; uye chechitatu, kufungisisa pamusoro pemigumisiro yekuenderera mberi kwemhirizhonga yekusununguka kweBiafra nekumutsidzirwa kwekumabvazuva kweNigerian social movement - Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB).
"Makore makumi mashanu gare gare, Nigeria yakatadza kudzidza kubva muhondo yayo inotyisa yevagari vemo" - Madingindira makuru muchinyorwa chaEgbejule
Mutori wenhau wekuNigeria anotarisa kuWest Africa social movements, Eromo Egbejule anoongorora zvinhu zvitanhatu zvakakosha pamwoyo wehondo yeNigeria-Biafra uye kubuda kwebato idzva rekuzvimirira reBiafra. Nyaya idzi ndidzo Hondo yeNigeria-Biafra: mavambo, mhedzisiro, uye mushure mehondo shanduko yekururamisira; chikonzero chehondo yeNigeria-Biafra, migumisiro uye kukundikana kwekururamisira kwekuchinja; dzidzo yenhoroondo - nei hondo yeNigeria-Biafra senyaya ine nharo yenhoroondo isina kudzidziswa muzvikoro zveNigeria; nhoroondo uye chiyeuchidzo - kana zvakapfuura zvisingataurwi, nhoroondo inodzokorora pachayo; kumutsiridzwa kwebato rerusununguko reBiafra nekusimuka kwevanhu verudzi rweBiafra; uye pakupedzisira, mhinduro yehurumende iripo kune iyi itsva sangano pamwe nekubudirira kwechikwata kusvika ikozvino.
Hondo yeNigeria-Biafra: Mavambo, mhedzisiro, uye mushure mehondo shanduko yekururamisira
Makore manomwe mushure mekusununguka kweNigeria kubva kuGreat Britain muna 1960, Nigeria yakaenda kuhondo neimwe yenzvimbo dzayo dzakakosha - nzvimbo yekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva - iri munzvimbo inozivikanwa seBiafraland. Hondo yeNigeria neBiafra yakatanga musi wa7 Chikunguru 1967 ikapera musi wa15 Ndira 1970. Nekuda kweruzivo rwangu rwekutanga nezvemusi wakatanga hondo, ndakakwezvwa nemusi waChikunguru 7, 2017 wekuburitswa kwechinyorwa chaEgbejule cheWashington Post. Kuburitswa kwaro kwakabatana nechirangaridzo chemakore makumi mashanu ehondo. Sezvakarondedzerwa muzvinyorwa zvakakurumbira, nhaurirano dzenhau, uye mhuri, Egbejule anoronda chikonzero chehondo kusvika pakuurawa kwedzinza reIgbos kuchamhembe kweNigeria kwakaitika muna 1953 uye muna 1966. kuchamhembe kweNigeria kwakaitika panguva yekoloni, nguva isati yasununguka, kuurayiwa kwevanhu muna 1953 kwaive mushure mekusununguka kweNigeria kubva kuGreat Britain, uye kurudziro yayo nezviitiko zvakaitenderedza zvinogona kunge zviri izvo zvakakonzera musangano weBiafra muna 1966.
Zviitiko zviviri zvakakosha zvakakonzeresa panguva iyoyo yaive yemusi waNdira 15, 1966 coup d'état yakarongwa neboka revakuru vemauto raitongwa nemasoja eIgbo izvo zvakakonzera kuurayiwa kwevakuru vehurumende nevakuru vemauto kunyanya kubva kuchamhembe kweNigeria kusanganisira vashoma vekumaodzanyemba. -westerners. Mhedzisiro yehondo iyi yehondo parudzi rweHausa-Fulani kuchamhembe kweNigeria uye mafungiro asina kunaka emanzwiro - kutsamwa uye kusuruvara - zvakakonzerwa nekuurayiwa kwevatungamiri vavo ndizvo zvakakurudzira kupikisa kweChikunguru 1966. The July 29, 1966 counter-coup yandinodaidza kuti coup of attrition kurwisa vatungamiriri vemauto eIgbo yakarongwa uye yakaurayiwa nevakuru vemauto eHausa-Fulani kubva kuchamhembe kweNigeria uye yakasiya mukuru wenyika yeNigeria (werudzi rweIgbo) nevatungamiriri vemauto echiIgbo vafa. . Uyewo, mukutsiva kuurawa kwevatungamiriri vehondo vokuchamhembe muna January 1966, vanhuwo zvavo vakawanda veIgbo vakanga vachigara kuchamhembe kweNigeria pane imwe nguva vakapondwa muropa rinotonhora uye miviri yavo yakadzorerwa kumabvazuva kweNigeria.
Yakanga yakavakirwa pakukura kwakashata muNigeria uko General Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, iye zvino gavhuna wemauto wedunhu rekumabvazuva akasarudza kuzivisa rusununguko rweBiafra. Nharo yake yaive yekuti kana hurumende yeNigeria nevemutemo vakatadza kuchengetedza maIgbos anogara kune mamwe matunhu - kuchamhembe nekumadokero matunhu - saka zviri nani kuti maIgbos adzokere kunharaunda yekumabvazuva kwavanenge vakachengeteka. Naizvozvo, uye zvichibva pamabhuku aripo, zvinotendwa kuti kupatsanurwa kweBiafra kwakakonzerwa nechengeteko nezvikonzero.
Kuziviswa kwerusununguko rweBiafra kwakakonzera hondo ine ropa yakatora makore anoda kusvika matatu (kubva muna Chikunguru 7, 1967 kusvika Ndira 15, 1970), nekuti hurumende yeNigeria yaisada nyika yeBiafra yakaparadzana. Hondo isati yapera muna 1970, zvinofungidzirwa kuti vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni matatu vakafa uye vakaurayiwa zvakananga kana kufa nenzara muhondo yacho vakawanda vavo vaiva zvizvarwa zveBiafra kusanganisira vana nevakadzi. Kugadzira mamiriro ekubatana kwevaNigerian vese uye kufambisa kubatanidzwazve kweBiafrans, mukuru wemauto panguva iyoyo weNigeria, General Yakubu Gowon, akazivisa "hapana mukundi, hapana akakundwa asi kukunda kwekuziva uye kubatana kweNigeria." Yaisanganisirwa muchiziviso ichi yaive chirongwa chenguva yekutonga chinonyanyozivikanwa se "3Rs" - Reconciliation (Kudzoreredzwa), Rehabilitation and Reconstruction. Sezvineiwo, pakanga pasina kuferefetwa kwakavimbika mukutyorwa kwakanyanya kwekodzero dzevanhu uye humwe hutsinye uye mhosva dzakaitirwa vanhu munguva yehondo. Pane zviitiko apo nharaunda dzakapondwa zvachose munguva yehondo yeNigeria-Biafra, semuenzaniso, kuurayiwa kweAsaba paAsaba iri munzvimbo yemazuva ano yeDelta. Hapana akanzi azvidavirire pamhosva idzi dzakaitirwa vanhu.
Nhoroondo uye Memory: Migumisiro yekusagadzirisa zvakapfuura - nhoroondo inozvidzokorora
Nekuda kwekuti chirongwa chehutongi hwejekerere chakange chisisashande, uye chakatadza kugadzirisa kutyorwa kwekodzero dzevanhu uye mhosva dzekuuraya vanhu dzakaitirwa kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva munguva yehondo, ndangariro dzinorwadza dzehondo dzichiri nyowani mupfungwa dzevaBiafra vazhinji kunyangwe makore makumi mashanu apfuura. Vakapona muhondo nemhuri dzavo vachiri kutambura nekushungurudzika kwemarudzi. Pamusoro pekushungurudzika uye kushuvira kururamisira, maIgbos ari kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweNigeria anonzwa akashorwa zvachose nehurumende yemubatanidzwa yeNigeria. Kubva pakupera kwehondo, hapasati pave nemutungamiri weIgbo muNigeria. Nigeria yakatongwa kweanopfuura makore makumi mana neHausa-Fulani kubva kuchamhembe uye Yoruba kubva kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero. MaIgbo anonzwa kuti achiri kurangwa nekuda kwechikamu chakabviswa cheBiafra.
Tichifunga kuti vanhu vanovhota maererano nemadzinza muNigeria, hazvigoneke kuti maHausa-Fulani anoumba ruzhinji muNigeria neYoruba (wechipiri ruzhinji) achavhotera mumiriri weIgbo. Izvi zvinoita kuti maIgbos anzwe kuvhiringidzika. Nekuda kwenyaya idzi, uye nekuti hurumende yemubatanidzwa yatadza kugadzirisa nyaya dzebudiriro kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva, mafungu matsva emhirizhonga uye kudanwa kutsva kwerumwe rusununguko rweBiafra kwakabuda kubva mudunhu uye mukati menharaunda dziri kunze kwenyika.
Dzidzo Yenhoroondo - Kudzidzisa nyaya dzinonetsa muzvikoro - sei hondo yeNigeria-Biafra isina kudzidziswa muzvikoro?
Rimwe dingindira rinonakidza rinoenderana nekumutsiridza rusununguko rweBiafra dzidzo yenhoroondo. Kubva pakupera kwehondo yeNigeria-Biafra, dzidzo yenhoroondo yakabviswa pazvidzidzo zvechikoro. Vagari vekuNigeria vakazvarwa mushure mehondo (mu1970) havana kudzidziswa nhoroondo mumakirasi echikoro. Zvakare, nhaurirano pamusoro pehondo yeNigeria-Biafra yakaonekwa pachena sechipo. Saka, izwi rekuti "Biafra" uye nhoroondo yehondo yakazvipira kunyarara kusingaperi kuburikidza nemitemo yekukanganwa yakaitwa nevadzvanyiriri vemauto eNigeria. Maingove muna 1999 mushure mekudzoka kwedemocracy muNigeria apo vagari vakave vakasununguka zvishoma kukurukura nyaya dzakadai. Nekudaro, nekuda kwekushaikwa kweruzivo rwechokwadi pamusoro pezvakaitika chaizvo zvisati zvaitika, panguva uye nekukurumidza mushure mehondo, sezvo dzidzo yenhoroondo isati yadzidziswa mumakirasi eNigeria kusvika nguva yekunyora pepa iri (muna Chikunguru 2017), nhoroondo dzinopokana uye dzepolarizing dzakawanda. . Izvi zvinoita kuti nyaya dzeBiafra dziite gakava uye dzinonzwa zvakanyanya muNigeria.
Kuvandudzwa kwebato rerusununguko reBiafra nekusimuka kwevanhu verudzi rweBiafra.
Zvose zvataurwa pamusoro apa - kukundikana kwehutongi hwemashure mushure mehondo, kushungurudzika kwepasi, kubviswa kwedzidzo yezvakaitika kare kubva kuchikoro chechikoro muNigeria kuburikidza nemitemo yekukanganwa - yakagadzira mamiriro ezvinhu ekumutsiridza uye kumutsiridza kwekushungurudzika kwekare kwekuzvimirira kweBiafra. . Kunyange zvazvo vatambi, mamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika, uye zvikonzero zvingave zvakasiyana, chinangwa uye propaganda zvichiri zvimwe chete. VaIgbo vanoti ndivo vakabatwa nehukama husina kunaka uye kubatwa pamuzinda uyu. Naizvozvo, rusununguko rwakakwana kubva kuNigeria ndiyo mhinduro yakanaka.
Kutanga mukutanga kwema2000, masaisai matsva emhirizhonga akatanga. Sangano rekutanga risina mhirizhonga rekuita kuti vanhu vatarise iMovement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra (MASSOB) yakaumbwa naRalph Uwazuruike, gweta rakadzidziswa kuIndia. Kunyangwe zviitwa zveMASSOB zvakakonzera kunetsana nevemutemo panguva dzakasiyana uye kusungwa kwemutungamiri wayo, haina kutariswa zvishoma kubva kune vezvenhau nenharaunda. Kunetseka kuti kurota kwekuzvimirira kweBiafra hakuzozadzikiswa kuburikidza neMASSOB, Nnamdi Kanu, wekuNigerian-British anogara muLondon uye akaberekwa pakupera kwehondo yeNigeria-Biafra mu1970 akasarudza kushandisa nzira inobuda yekukurukurirana, social media, neredhiyo yepamhepo kutyaira mamirioni evanorwira kuzvitonga veBiafra, vatsigiri uye vanomunzwira tsitsi kuchinangwa chake cheBiafra.
Uku kwaive kufamba kwakanaka nekuti zita, Radio Biafra inofananidzira zvikuru. Radio Biafra rakanga riri zita renhepfenyuro yenyika yenyika yeBiafra yakanga yaparara, uye yakashanda kubva muna 1967 kusvika 1970. Pane imwe nguva, yaishandiswa kusimudzira nhoroondo yerudzi rweIgbo kupasi rose uye kuumba kuziva kweIgbo mukati medunhu. Kubva muna 2009, Radio Biafra itsva yaitaridzwa pamhepo kubva kuLondon, uye yakakwevera mamirioni evateereri veIgbo kunhema dzayo dzenyika. Kuti akwezve ngwariro yehurumende yeNigeria, mutungamiriri weRadio Biafra uye anozviti mutungamiriri weIndigenous People of Biafra, Mr. Nnamdi Kanu, vakasarudza kushandisa mashoko anonyandura uye matauriro, mamwe acho anorangarirwa kuva kutaura ruvengo nokukurudzira. kumhirizhonga nehondo. Akaramba achitepfenyura nhepfenyuro dzairatidza Nigeria sezoo uye maNigerian semhuka dzisina njere. Banner yeredhiyo yake peji reFacebook uye webhusaiti yaiti: "Zoo inonzi Nigeria." Akadana kupiwa kwezvombo nezvombo kuti varwise kuchamhembe kweHausa-Fulani vanhu kana vakapikisa kusununguka kweBiafra, achitaura kuti panguva ino, Biafra ichakunda Nigeria muhondo.
Hurumende Mhinduro uye kubudirira kwesangano kusvika zvino
Nekuda kwekutaura kweruvengo uye mhirizhonga inokurudzira mameseji aaiparadzira kuburikidza neRadio Biafra, Nnamdi Kanu akasungwa muna Gumiguru 2015 paakadzokera kuNigeria neState Security Service (SSS). Akavharirwa muhusungwa uye akasunungurwa muna Kubvumbi 2017 nekubhadhara mari yechibatiso. Kusungwa kwake kwakapomera mamiriro ekunze muNigeria uye mukati mediaspora kunze kwenyika, uye vatsigiri vake vakaratidzira mumatunhu akasiyana vachipokana nekusungwa kwake. Chisarudzo cheMutungamiri Buhari chekuraira kusungwa kwaVaKanu uye kupikisa kwakatevera kusungwa kwakakonzera kukurumidza kupararira kwebato re-pro-Biafra rusununguko. Mushure mekusunungurwa kwake muna Kubvumbi 2017, Kanu ave ari kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweNigeria achidana referendum iyo ichaita nzira yepamutemo yekusununguka kweBiafra.
Pamusoro perutsigiro rwakawanwa nesangano repro-Biafra rekuzvitonga, mabasa eKanu kuburikidza neRadio Biafra yake uye Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB) akakurudzira gakava renyika pamusoro pechimiro chemubatanidzwa weNigeria. Mamwe madzinza mazhinji uye mamwe maIgbo asingatsigire rusununguko rweBiafra vari kuronga hurongwa hwehurumende hune hutongi hwejechetere apo matunhu kana nyika dzichava nekuzvitonga kwemari kuti dzitarisire zvinhu zvadzo uye kubhadhara chikamu chakanaka chemutero kuhurumende yemubatanidzwa. .
Hermeneutic Analysis: Chii chatingadzidze kubva muzvidzidzo zvemafambiro emagariro?
Nhoroondo inotidzidzisa kuti mafambisirwo emagariro akaita mabasa akakosha mukuita shanduko yezvimiro nemaitiro munyika dzepasirese. Kubva mubato rekubvisa zvematongerwo enyika kuenda kusangano reCivil Rights movement uye kune yazvino yeBlack Lives Matter movement muUnited States, kana kusimuka nekupararira kweArab Spring kuMiddle East, pane chimwe chinhu chakasiyana mumafambiro ese emagariro: kugona kwavo neushingi uye. taura nekusatya uye kukwevera veruzhinji kutarisiro yezvido zvavo zvekururamisira nekuenzana kana shanduko yezvimiro nemaitiro. Kufanana nemafambisirwo emagariro akabudirira kana asina kubudirira pasi rose, bato reBiafra rekuzvitonga pasi peamburera yeIndigenous People of Biafra (IPOB) rakabudirira mukukwevera pfungwa dzevanhu kune zvavanoda uye kukwezva mamirioni evatsigiri nevanonzwira tsitsi.
Zvikonzero zvakawanda zvinogona kutsanangura kusimuka kwavo kusvika pakati penharo yeruzhinji rwenyika uye mapeji ekutanga emapepanhau makuru. Pakati petsanangudzo dzese dzinogona kupihwa ipfungwa ye "emotion basa rekufamba". Nekuti chiitiko chehondo yeNigeria-Biafra yakabatsira mukuumba nhoroondo yemubatanidzwa uye ndangariro yeboka remaIgbo, zviri nyore kuona kuti manzwiro akabatsira sei mukupararira kwebato rekuzvimirira reBiafra. Pakuwana nekuona mavhidhiyo ekuuraiwa kunotyisa uye kufa kwevaIgbos munguva yehondo, maNigerian edzinza reIgbo akaberekwa mushure mehondo yeNigeria-Biafra achange akatsamwa, akasuwa, avhundutswa, uye achaita ruvengo kune Hausa-Fulani we. mawodzanyemba. Vatungamiriri veVanhu vekuBiafra vanozviziva. Ndosaka vachisanganisira mifananidzo inotyisa uye mavhidhiyo ehondo yeNigeria-Biafra mumashoko avo uye propaganda sezvikonzero nei vari kutsvaga rusununguko.
Kumutswa kwemanzwiro aya, manzwiro kana manzwiro akasimba anowanzo kufukidza nekudzvinyirira gakava renyika rine musoro panyaya yeBiafra. Sezvo vatsigiri vekuzvimirira ve-pro-Biafra vachiwedzera pamusoro pehutano hwenhengo dzavo, vatsigiri uye vanonzwira tsitsi, vanotarisana uye vanodzvinyirira mafungiro asina kunaka anotungamirirwa navo neHausa-Fulani nevamwe vasingatsigiri kufamba kwavo. Muenzaniso ndeweChikumi 6, 2017 chiziviso chekudzingwa chakapihwa maIgbos anogara kuchamhembe kweNigeria nemubatanidzwa wemapoka evechidiki ekuchamhembe pasi peamburera yeArewa Youth Consultative Forum. Chiziviso chekudzingwa chinoraira vese veIgbos vanogara mumatunhu ese ekuchamhembe kweNigeria kuti vabude mukati memwedzi mitatu uye inokumbira kuti vese veHausa-Fulani vari kumabvazuva kweNigeria vadzokere kuchamhembe. Boka iri rakataura pachena kuti richaita mhirizhonga kune veIgbos avo vanoramba kuteerera chiziviso chekudzingwa uye kutama panosvika Gumiguru 1, 2017.
Zviitiko izvi muNigeria yakapatsanurwa mune zvechitendero zvinoratidza kuti kuti vatsigiri vezvemagariro evanhu vatsigire kushushikana kwavo uye pamwe vabudirire, vanozofanira kudzidza nzira yekusangounganidza manzwiro nemanzwiro kutsigira hurongwa hwavo, asiwo maitiro ekudzvinyirira nekubata. nemanzwiro akanangana navo.
Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB)'s Agitation yeIndependence yeBiafra: Mari uye Benefits.
Kubvongodzwa kunopfuurira kwerusununguko rweBiafra kunogona kurondedzerwa semari ine mativi maviri. Kune rimwe divi rakanyorwa mubairo wakabhadharwa nerudzi rwechiIgbo kana kuti uchabhadhara mhirizhonga yerusununguko rweBiafra. Kune rimwe divi rakanyorwa mabhenefiti ekuunza nyaya dzeBiafra kune veruzhinji kuti nhaurirano yenyika.
Vazhinji veIgbos nevamwe vekuNigeria vakatobhadhara mubairo wekutanga nekuda kwemhirizhonga iyi uye vanosanganisira kufa kwemamiriyoni eBiafra nevamwe vekuNigeria pamberi, mukati uye mushure mehondo yeNigeria-Biafra ya1967-1970; kuparadzwa kwemidziyo nezvimwe zvivakwa; nzara uye kwashiorkor kubuda (chirwere chinotyisa chinokonzerwa nenzara); kusabatanidzwa kwezvematongerwo enyika kwevaIgbo pabazi rehurumende remubatanidzwa; urovha nourombo; kukanganisa kwehurongwa hwedzidzo; kutama kunomanikidzirwa kunotungamirira kuhuropi hunopera munharaunda; underdevelopment; dambudziko rehutano; transgenerational trauma, zvichingodaro.
Mhirizhonga yemazuva ano yerusununguko rweBiafra inouya nemhedzisiro yakawanda kurudzi rweIgbo. Izvi hazvingogumiri pakupatsanurwa kwemarudzi mukati merudzi rweIgbo pakati peboka rekuzvimirira reBiafra neboka rekuzvimirira reAnti-Biafra; kuvhiringwa kwehurongwa hwedzidzo nekuda kwekupinda kwevechidiki mukuratidzira; kutyisidzira runyararo nekuchengetedzeka mukati medunhu izvo zvinozodzivirira vekunze kana vekunze kuti vauye kuzodyara mari mumatunhu ekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva pamwe nekudzivirira vashanyi kuenda kumatunhu ekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva; kuderera kwehupfumi; kubuda kwematsotsi network anogona kubira sangano risiri remhirizhonga remabasa ematsotsi; kunetsana nevemutemo zvinogona kukonzera kufa kwevaratidziri sezvazvakaitika mukupera kwa2015 uye muna 2016; kuderedzwa kweHausa-Fulani kana Yoruba chivimbo mune angangove mumiriri weIgbo musarudzo yemutungamiri wenyika muNigeria izvo zvichaita kuti kusarudzwa kwemutungamiri weIgbo weNigeria kuome kupfuura nakare kose.
Pakati pezvakanaka zvakawanda zvegakava renyika pamusoro pekusagadzikana kwekuzvimirira kweBiafra, zvakakosha kutaura kuti veNigeria vanogona kuona iyi semukana wakanaka wekuve nehurukuro ine musoro pamusoro penzira iyo hurumende yehurumende inogadziriswa. Chinodiwa iye zvino hachisi nharo dzinoparadza maererano nokuti muvengi ndiani kana kuti ndiani akarurama kana kuti asina kururama; asi chinodiwa inhaurirano inovaka yekuti ungavaka sei nyika yeNigerian inosanganisirwa, ine ruremekedzo, yakaenzana uye yakaenzana.
Zvichida, nzira yakanakisisa yekutanga ndeyekuongorora mushumo unokosha uye mazano kubva ku2014 National Dialogue yakakokwa nehutungamiri weGoodluck Jonathan uye yakapindwa nevamiririri ve498 kubva kumarudzi ose eNigeria. Sezvimwe nezvimwe zvakawanda zvakakosha misangano yenyika kana nhaurirano muNigeria, mazano kubva ku2014 National Dialogue haana kushandiswa. Zvichida, ino ndiyo nguva yakakodzera yekuongorora rondedzero iyi uye kuuya nemazano akasimba uye ane runyararo ekuti tingawana sei kuyananiswa kwenyika uye kubatana pasina kukanganwa kugadzirisa nyaya dzekusaruramisira.
Sekutaura kwakaita Angela Davis, murwiri wekodzero dzevanhu wekuAmerica, "chinodiwa kushanduka kwehurongwa nekuti zviito zvega hazvigadzirise matambudziko." Ndinotenda kuti shanduko yechokwadi uye ine chinangwa shanduko kutanga kubva padanho remubatanidzwa uye kusvika kumatunhu zvichaenda kure kudzoreredza ruvimbo rwevagari mudunhu reNigeria. Mukuongorora kwekupedzisira, kukwanisa kugara pamwe chete murunyararo uye kuwirirana, vagari vekuNigeria vanofanirawo kugadzirisa nyaya yekufungidzira uye kufungirana pakati uye pakati pemarudzi nemapoka ezvitendero muNigeria.
Munyori, Dr. Basil Ugorji, ndiye Mutungamiriri uye CEO weInternational Center for Ethno-Religious Mediation. Akawana Ph.D. muKuongorora Kukakavadzana uye Kugadzirisa kubva kuDhipatimendi reKugadzirisa Kugadzirisa Zvidzidzo, Koreji yeUnyanzvi, Hunhu uye Sayenzi Yemagariro, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida.
