Separatism muEastern Ukraine: The Status of the Donbass
Chii chaitika? Nhoroondo Yekukonana
Muna 2004 Ukrainian Presidential Elections, panguva iyo Orange Revolution yakaitika, vekumabvazuva vakavhotera Viktor Yanukovich, aidiwa neMoscow. Western Ukraine yakavhotera Viktor Yushchenko, aifarira hukama hwakasimba neWest. Muvhoti yerunoff, paive nemhosva yekubirira kwevavhoti munharaunda yemavhoti akawedzera miriyoni achitsigira mumiriri weRussia, saka vatsigiri vaYuschenko vakaenda mumigwagwa kuti vada kuti zvakabuda zvibviswe. Izvi zvakatsigirwa neEU neUS. Russia sezviri pachena yakatsigira Yanukovich, uye dare repamusoro reUkraine rakatonga kuti kudzokororwa kwaifanira kuitika.
Nekukurumidza kusvika 2010, uye Yuschenko akatsiviwa naYanukovich musarudzo yainzi yakanaka. Makore mana ehuwori uye pro-Russian hurumende gare gare, panguva yeEuromaidan revolution, zviitiko zvakateverwa nekutevedzana kwekuchinja kwesociopolitical system yeUkraine, kusanganisira kuumbwa kwehurumende yenguva pfupi, kudzoreredzwa kwebumbiro rekare, uye kufona. kuita sarudzo dzemutungamiri wenyika. Kupikiswa kweEuromaidan kwakaguma nekutorwa kweCrimea, kupindirwa kweUkraine yekumabvazuva neRussia, uye kwakamutsazve manzwiro ekuparadzanisa muDonbass.
Nyaya Dzemumwe Nemumwe - Boka Rega Rinonzwisisa Mamiriro ezvinhu uye Sei
Donbass Separatists'Nyaya
Nzvimbo: VaDonbass, kusanganisira Donetsk neLuhansk, vanofanira kuva vakasununguka kuzivisa rusununguko uye kuzvitonga pachavo, sezvo ivo pakupedzisira vane zvavanoda pamwoyo.
Nharaunda:
Kutendeseka kweHurumende: Isu tinoona zviitiko zveKukadzi 18-20, 2014, kuve kutora kwesimba zvisiri pamutemo uye kupambwa kwebato rekuratidzira nevanorwira nyika yeUkraine. Rutsigiro rwechimbichimbi rwakagamuchirwa nevenyika kubva kuMadokero runoratidza kuti iyi yaive zano rekudzikisa hurumende yePro-Russian pamasimba. Zviito zvehurumende yeUkraine zvine kodzero yekuderedza basa reRussia semutauro wechipiri kuburikidza nekuyedza kukanzura mutemo une chekuita nemitauro yedunhu uye kudzingwa kwevazhinji vanoparadzanisa semagandanga anotsigirwa nekunze, zvinoita kuti tifunge kuti kutonga kwaPetro Poroshenko hakutore chikamu. taura zvinotinetsa muhurumende.
Cultural Preservation: Isu tinozviona sevanhu vakasiyana nevekuUkraine, sezvataimbova chikamu cheRussia 1991 isati yasvika. Huwandu hwakanaka hwedu muDonbass (16 muzana), tinofunga kuti tinofanira kunge takazvimiririra uye huwandu hwakafanana tinotenda kuti taifanira kunge takawedzera kuzvitonga. Kodzero dzedu dzemutauro dzinofanira kuremekedzwa.
Kugarika Kwehupfumi: Kugona kukwira kweUkraine muEuropean Union kungave nemhedzisiro yakaipa pane yedu Soviet-era yekugadzira nzvimbo yekumabvazuva, sekubatanidzwa muCommon Market kunotiisa pachena kumakwikwi anodzikira kubva mukugadzira zvakachipa kubva kuWestern Europe. Pamusoro pezvo, matanho ekuomesera anowanzo tsigirwa neEU bureaucracy kazhinji ane hupfumi hunoparadza pahupfumi hwenhengo dzichangogamuchirwa. Nezvikonzero izvi, tinoda kushanda mukati meCustoms Union neRussia.
Precedent: Sezvakangoita neyaichimbova Soviet Union, kwave kune mienzaniso mizhinji yenyika dziri kushanda dzakasikwa mushure mekuparadzwa kwenyika huru, dzine marudzi akasiyana. Nyaya dzakadai seMontenegro, Serbia, uye Kosovo dzinopa mienzaniso yatingatevedzera. Isu tinokumbira kune izvo zvakatangira mukukakavara nyaya yedu yerusununguko kubva kuKiev.
Ukrainian Kubatana - The Donbass inofanira kuramba iri chikamu cheUkraine.
Nzvimbo: Iyo Donbass chikamu chakakosha cheUkraine uye haifanirwe kutsakatika. Pane kudaro, inofanirwa kutsvaga kugadzirisa matambudziko ayo mukati meiyo ikozvino inotonga chimiro cheUkraine.
Nharaunda:
Legitimacy of Process: Mareferendamu akaitwa muCrimea uye Donbass akanga asina kubvumirwa kubva kuKiev uye naizvozvo haasi pamutemo. Mukuwedzera, kutsigirwa kweRussia kwekuparadzanisa kwekumabvazuva kunoita kuti titende kuti kusagadzikana muDonbass kunonyanya kukonzerwa nechishuvo cheRussia chekuderedza hutongi hweUkraine, uye naizvozvo zvido zvevanoparadzanisa zvakafanana nezvinodiwa neRussia.
Cultural Preservation: Tinoziva kuti Ukraine ine mutsauko wemadzinza, asi isu tinotenda kuti nzira yakanakisa yekumberi kune vese vanhu vedu ndeyekuenderera mberi nepakati mukati menyika imwechete-nyika. Isu, kubva pakuzvitonga muna 1991, takaziva chiRussia semutauro unokosha wedunhu. Isu tinoona zvakare kuti vanongotenderedza gumi nematanhatu muzana yevagari veDonbass, maererano ne16 Kiev International Institute of Sociology ongororo, inotsigira rusununguko chairwo.
Kugarika Kwehupfumi: Ukraine kupinda muEuropean Union ingave nzira iri nyore yekuwana mabasa ekubhadhara zvirinani uye mihoro yehupfumi hwedu, kusanganisira kukwidza muhoro wepasi. Kubatana neEU kunovandudzawo simba rehurumende yedu yegutsaruzhinji uye kurwisa huwori huri kukanganisa hupenyu hwedu hwemazuva ese. Isu tinotenda kuti European Union inotipa yakanakisa nzira yebudiriro yedu.
Precedent: Iyo Donbass haisi iyo dunhu rekutanga kuratidza kufarira kupatsanura kubva kune yakakura nyika nyika. Munhoroondo yese, mamwe ma sub-state yenyika akaratidzira maitiro ekuparadzana angave akakundwa kana kubviswa. Isu tinotenda kuti kupatsanurana kunogona kudziviswa sezvakaitika munharaunda yeBasque yeSpain, iyo isingachatsigire maitiro akazvimirira. vau-à-vis Speini.
Mediation Project: Mediation Case Study yakagadzirwa na Manuel Mas Cabrera, 2018
