Kurambidzwa kwaTrump Kwekufamba: Basa reDare Repamusorosoro muKugadzira Matongerwo Evanhu
Chii chaitika? Nhoroondo Yekukonana
Kusarudzwa kwaDonald J. Trump musi waNovember 8, 2016 uye yake kugadzwa se45 mutungamiriri wenyika yeUnited States musi wa20 Ndira, 2017 yakaratidza kutanga kwenguva itsva munhoroondo yeUnited States. Kunyange hazvo runyararo mukati mevatsigiri vaVaTrump hwaive hwekufara, kuzvizvarwa zvakawanda zvemuAmerica zvisina kuvavhotera pamwe nevasiri zvizvarwa zvemunyika nekunze kweAmerica, kukunda kwaVaTrump kwakaunza kusuwa nekutya. Vanhu vazhinji vakasuwa uye kutya kwete nekuti Trump haagone kuve mutungamiri weUS - mushure mezvose mugari wemuUS pakuzvarwa uye ane chimiro chakanaka chehupfumi. Nekudaro, vanhu vakasuwa nekutya nekuti vanotenda kuti hutungamiriri hwaTrump hunosanganisira shanduko huru muhurongwa hweveruzhinji hweUS sezvakafanofananidzirwa nenzwi rekutaura kwake panguva yekuratidzira uye chikuva chaakamhanyisa danidziro yake yemutungamiri wenyika.
Mukurumbira pakati pezvinotarisirwa kuchinja kwemitemo yakavimbiswa neMutungamiriri wenyika yemusi wa27 Ndira 2017 iyo yakarambidza kwemazuva makumi mapfumbamwe kupinda kwevanhu vanobva kune dzimwe nyika nevasiri vanobva kune dzimwe nyika nomwe dzinonyanya kuva maMuslim: Iran, Iraq, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria. , uye Yemen, kusanganisira kurambidzwa kwemazuva 90 kwevapoteri. Vakatarisana nekuratidzira uye kutsoropodza kuri kuramba kuchikwira, pamwe nematare akawanda achipokana nedare iri uye mutemo wenyika yose wekurambidza kubva kuFederal District Court, Mutungamiri Trump vakapa shanduro yakadzokororwa yedare repamusoro musi waKurume 120, 6. hwaro hwehukama hwehukama hweUS-Iraq, uku ichichengetedza kurambidzwa kwenguva pfupi kupinda kwevanhu vanobva kuIran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, neYemen nekuda kwekunetsekana nezvekuchengetedzwa kwenyika.
Chinangwa chebepa rino hachisi chekutaura zvakadzama mamiriro akaita kurambidzwa kufamba kwaPresident Trump, asi kuti vafunge nezvemutongo wedare repamusoro soro weSupreme Court uyo unopa mvumo yekuti zvirango zvekufamba zviitwe. Kufungisisa uku kwakavakirwa pachinyorwa chaJune 26, 2017 Washington Post chakanyorwa pamwe chete naRobert Barnes naMatt Zapotosky uye chakanzi "Dare Repamusorosoro rinobvumira vhezheni shoma yekurambidza kufamba kwaTrump kuti ishande uye ichafunga nyaya mukudonha." Muzvikamu zvinotevera, nharo dzemapato anobatanidzwa mukukonana uku uye mutongo weDare Repamusorosoro zvicharatidzwa, zvichiteverwa nehurukuro pamusoro pezvinoreva mutongo weDare maererano nekunzwisisa kwese kwemutemo wehurumende. Pepa racho rinopedzisa nerondedzero yemaitiro ekudzikisira nekudzivirira matambudziko akafanana neveruzhinji mune ramangwana.
Mapato anobatanidzwa muNyaya
Sekureva kwechinyorwa cheWashington Post mukuongorora, gakava raTrump rekurambidza kufamba rakaunzwa pamberi peDare Repamusorosoro rinosanganisira nyaya mbiri dzakadyidzana dzakambotongwa nedare reUnited States of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit uye US Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit against President Trump's. wish. Nepo mapato enyaya yekare ari Mutungamiri Trump, et al. maringe neInternational Refugee Assistance Project, et al., Nyaya yekupedzisira inosanganisira Mutungamiri Trump, et al. maringe neHawaii, et al.
Vasina kugutsikana nezvisungo zveCourt of Appeals zvairambidza kuitwa kwemutemo wekurambidza kufamba, Mutungamiri Trump vakasarudza kuunza nyaya iyi kuDare Repamusorosoro kuti certiorari uye chikumbiro chekumisa mitongo yakapihwa nematare epasi. Musi wa26 June 2017, Dare Repamusorosoro rakabvuma zvizere chikumbiro chaPresident chekuti certiorari, uye chikumbiro chekumisa dare chakabvumwa. Uku kwaive kukunda kukuru kwaPresident.
Nyaya Dzemumwe nemumwe - Manzwisisiro anoita munhu mumwe nemumwe mamiriro ezvinhu uye nei
Iyo Nyaya ye Mutungamiri Trump, et al. - Nyika dzechiIslam dziri kubereka hugandanga.
Nzvimbo: Vagari venyika dzinonyanya kuzara maMuslim - Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, neYemen - vanofanira kumbomiswa kupinda muUnited States kwemazuva makumi mapfumbamwe; uye United States Refugee Admissions Programme (USRAP) inofanira kumbomiswa kwemazuva zana nemakumi maviri, ukuwo huwandu hwevapoteri vari kutora muna 90 hunofanira kudzikiswa.
Nharaunda:
Chengetedzo / Chengetedzo Zvido+ Naizvozvo, kumiswa kwekupihwa vhiza kune vekunze vanobva kuIran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, neYemen kuchabatsira mukudzivirira United States kubva pakurwiswa kwegandanga. Zvakare, kuderedza kutyisidzira kunoitwa nehugandanga hwekunze kune kuchengetedzwa kwenyika yedu, zvakakosha kuti United States imise chirongwa chayo chekugamuchira vapoteri. Magandanga anogona kupinda munyika yedu pamwe chete nevapoteri. Zvisinei, kugamuchirwa kwevapoteri vechiKristu kwaigona kufungwa. Naizvozvo, vanhu veAmerica vanofanirwa kutsigira Executive Order No. 13780: Kudzivirira Nyika kubva kune Kunze Kwegandanga Kupinda muUnited States. Kumiswa kwemazuva makumi mapfumbamwe nemazuva zana nemakumi maviri zvichiteerana kunobvumira masangano akakodzera mukati meDhipatimendi reHurumende neHomeland Security kuita ongororo yehuwandu hwekutyisidzirwa kwekuchengetedzwa kwenyika idzi uye kuona matanho nematanho anofanirwa kuitwa.
Zveupfumi: Nekumisa chirongwa cheUnited States Refugee Admissions Programme tozoderedza huwandu hwevapoteri vari kutora madhora, tichachengetedza mazana emamiriyoni emadhora mugore regore ra2017, uye madhora aya achashandiswa kugadzira mabasa kuvanhu vemuAmerica.
Iyo Nyaya ye International Refugee Assistance Project, et al. uye Hawaii, et al. - Mutungamiri Trump's Executive Order No. 13780 inosarura maMuslim.
Nzvimbo: Zvizvarwa zvinokodzera uye vapoteri vanobva munyika dzechiMuslim idzi - Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, neYemen - vanofanirwa kubvumidzwa kupinda muUnited States nenzira imwe cheteyo iyo zvizvarwa zvenyika dzinonyanya chiKristu zvinopihwa kupinda muUnited States.
Nharaunda:
Chengetedzo / Chengetedzo Zvido: Kurambidza zvizvarwa zvenyika dzechiMuslim idzi kupinda muAmerica kunoita kuti vaMuslim vaone kuti vari kuoneswa ndondo neAmerica nekuda kwechitendero chavo cheIslam. Uku "kunangidzira" kunoisa kumwe kutyisidzira kuhunhu hwavo uye kuchengeteka pasi rese. Zvakare, kumisa chirongwa cheUnited States Refugee Admissions Programme kunotyora zvibvumirano zvepasi rose zvinovimbisa kuchengetedzwa nekuchengetedzeka kwevapoteri.
Physiological Needs uye Self-Actualization Kufarira: Marudzi mazhinji anobva kunyika idzi dzeMuslim anoenderana nekufamba kwavo kuenda kuUnited States kune zvavanoda zvepanyama uye kuzviitira ivo pachavo kuburikidza nekutora chikamu kwavo mudzidzo, bhizinesi, basa, kana kusanganazve kwemhuri.
Kodzero dzeBumbiro reMitemo neKuremekedza Zvido: Chekupedzisira uye chinonyanya kukosha, Mutungamiri Trump's Executive Order inosarura chitendero cheIslam ichifarira zvimwe zvitendero. Zvinokurudzirwa nechishuwo chekubvisa maMuslim kubva pakupinda muUnited States uye kwete nekuchengetedza nyika. Nokudaro, inotyora Mutengo Wokutanga weKugadziridza Wokutanga usingarambidzi hurumende chete kuita mitemo inogadza chitendero, asi inorambidzawo mitemo yehurumende inoda chimwe chitendero pane chimwe.
Mutongo weDare Repamusorosoro
Kudzikamisa maequities anooneka ari mumativi ese emakakatanwa, Dare Repamusorosoro rakatora chinzvimbo chepakati. Chekutanga, chikumbiro cheMutungamiriri wekuti certiorari chakabvumwa zvizere. Izvi zvinoreva kuti Dare Repamusorosoro rakabvuma kuongorora nyaya yacho, uye kunzwa kunorongwa muna October 2017. Chechipiri, chikumbiro chekugara chakapiwa chikamu neDare Repamusorosoro. Izvi zvinoreva kuti hurongwa hwemutungamiri wenyika, VaTrump, hunogona kungoshanda kune zvizvarwa zvenyika nhanhatu dzinonyanya kuzara maMuslim, kusanganisira vapoteri, vasingakwanisi kumisa "chirevo chechokwadi chehukama hwechokwadi nemunhu kana sangano riri muUnited States." Avo vane "chirevo chechokwadi chehukama hwechokwadi nemunhu kana sangano riri muUnited States" - semuenzaniso, vadzidzi, nhengo dzemhuri, vashandi vebhizimisi, vashandi vekunze, uye zvichingodaro - vanofanira kubvumirwa kupinda muUnited States.
Kunzwisisa Mutongo weDare kubva paMaonero ePublic Policy
Nyaya yekurambidzwa kufamba iyi yakatariswa zvakanyanya nekuti yakaitika panguva iyo nyika yakatarisana nepamusoro pehutungamiriri hweAmerica. MuMutungamiri Trump, maratidziro anoshamisira, akafanana nehollywood, uye echokwadi-show evakuru vemazuva ano vekuAmerica asvika pakakwirira. Kubata kwaVaTrump vezvenhau kunoita kuti asave mudzimba dzedu uye nekusaziva kwedu. Kutanga kubva munzira dzemushandirapamwe kusvika zvino, awa haina kupera ndisina kunzwa vezvenhau vachitaura nezvekutaura kwaTrump. Izvi hazvisi nekuda kwemukati wenyaya asi nekuti iri kubva kuna Trump. Tichifunga kuti Mutungamiri Trump (kunyangwe asati asarudzwa semutungamiri wenyika) anogara nesu mudzimba dzedu, tinogona kuyeuka zviri nyore vimbiso yake yemushandirapamwe yekurambidza maMuslim ese kupinda muUnited States. Mutemo wekutonga uri kuongorora kuzadzikiswa kwevimbiso iyoyo. Dai mutungamiri wenyika VaTrump vange vaine hungwaru uye neruremekedzo mukushandisa kwavo nhepfenyuro - zvese zvemagariro nevezvenhau -, dudziro yeruzhinji yehutongi hwavo ingadai yakasiyana. Zvichida, hurongwa hwake hwekurambidza kufamba hungadai hwakanzwisiswa senzira yekuchengetedza nyika uye kwete semutemo wakagadzirirwa kusarura vaMuslim.
Nharo yeavo vanopikisa kurambidzwa kwekufamba kwaPresident Trump inomutsa mimwe mibvunzo yakakosha pamusoro pezvimiro nenhoroondo zvezvematongerwo enyika zveAmerica zvinoumba mutemo weveruzhinji. Ko masisitimu ezvematongerwo enyika eAmerica uye zvimiro haana kwaakarerekera pamwe nemitemo inobuda mazviri? Zviri nyore sei kuita shanduko yezvematongerwo enyika mukati meAmerican political system?
Kupindura mubvunzo wekutanga, kurambidzwa kwekufamba kwaPresident Trump kunoratidza kusarerekera kwaita hurongwa uye marongero aanogadzira kana akasiyiwa asina kudzorwa. Nhoroondo yeUnited States inoratidza zviuru zvemitemo yerusarura yakagadzirirwa kusabvisa mamwe mapoka ehuwandu mukati memunyika nekunze. Iyi mitemo yerusarura inosanganisira pakati pezvimwe zvinhu kuva nevaranda, kusarura munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzenzanga, kusabatanidzwa kwevatema uye kunyange vakadzi kubva pakuvhota uye kukwikwidza mahofisi ehurumende, kurambidzwa kwemarudzi uye kuroorana kwevanhukadzi, kuvharirwa kwevaJapan vekuAmerica munguva yeHondo Yenyika II. , uye pre-1965 US immigration mitemo yakadzikwa kuti ifadze vanhu vekuEurope yekuchamhembe semhando yepamusoro yerudzi rwevachena. Nekuda kwekuramba kupikisa uye dzimwe nzira dzekuratidzira nemagariro evanhu, mitemo iyi yakagadziridzwa zvishoma nezvishoma. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, vakabviswa neCongress. Mune dzimwe nyaya dzakawanda, Dare Repamusorosoro rakasarudza kuti zvaipesana nebumbiro remitemo.
Kupindura mubvunzo wechipiri: zviri nyore sei kuita shanduko yezvematongerwo enyika mukati meAmerican political system? Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti shanduko yepolicy kana kuvandudzwa kwebumbiro remitemo yakaoma zvikuru kuita nekuda kwepfungwa ye “policy restraint”. Hunhu hweBumbiro reMitemo reUnited States, misimboti yemacheki nekuenzanisa, kupatsanurwa kwemasimba, uye hurongwa hwemubatanidzwa wehurumende yegutsaruzhinji zvinoita kuti zviomere chero bazi rehurumende kuita shanduko nekukurumidza. Mutungamiriri wenyika VaTrump danho rekurambidza kufamba kwekufamba ringadai rakatanga kushanda dai pasina kurambidzwa kwepolicy kana macheki nemabharanzi. Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, zvakatemwa nematare epasi kuti mutungamiri wenyika, VaTrump, vanotyora Chisungo cheKugadzwa kweFirst Amendment icho chiri muBumbiro reMitemo. Nechikonzero ichi, matare epasi akapa mirau miviri yakasiyana inorambidza kuitwa kwemutemo wekutonga.
Kunyange zvazvo Dare Repamusorosoro rakapa chikumbiro cheMutungamiriri we certiorari zvizere, uye chakapiwa muchidimbu chikumbiro chekugara, iyo Establishment Clause ye First Amendment inoramba iri chinhu chinodzivisa chinoderedza kushandiswa kuzere kwekutonga kwekutonga. Ichi ndicho chikonzero Dare Repamusorosoro rakapa mutongo wekuti mutungamiri wenyika, VaTrump, havagone kushanda kune avo vane "chirevo chechokwadi chehukama hwechokwadi nemunhu kana sangano riri muUnited States." Mukuongorora kwekupedzisira, nyaya iyi inoburitsa zvakare basa reDare Repamusorosoro mukuumba mutemo weveruzhinji muUnited States.
Zvinokurudzira: Kudzivirira Matambudziko Akafanana ePublic Policy mune ramangwana
Kubva pamaonero emunhu akasarudzika, uye nekupihwa chokwadi uye data iripo maererano nemamiriro ekuchengetedza munyika dzakamiswa - Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, neYemen - zvinogona kupokana kuti chenjedzo huru dzinofanirwa kutorwa vasati vabvuma vanhu. kubva kunyika idzi kuenda kuUnited States. Kunyangwe nyika idzi dzisiri mumiriri wenyika dzese dzine njodzi dzakakwirira dzekuchengetedza - semuenzaniso, magandanga akauya kuUnited States kubva kuSaudi Arabia munguva yakapfuura, uye mabhomba eBoston uye bhomba yeKisimusi mundege haisi kubva kunyika idzi- , Mutungamiri weUnited States achine simba rebumbiro remitemo rekuisa matanho akakodzera ekuchengetedza kuchengetedza US kubva kune dzimwe nyika kutyisidzirwa nekuchengetedzwa kwegandanga.
Basa rekuchengetedza, zvisinei, harifanirwe kuitwa kusvika pamwero wekuti kuita kwakadaro kunotyora Bumbiro reMitemo. Apa ndipo pakatadza Mutungamiri Trump. Kudzoreredza rutendo neruvimbo muvanhu vemuAmerica, uye kudzivirira kukanganisa kwakadai mune ramangwana, zvinokurudzirwa kuti vatungamiri vatsva veAmerica vatevedzere mamwe mazano vasati vapa mirairo yevakuru ine gakava yakaita sekurambidza kwaPresident Trump kufamba kwenyika nomwe.
- Usaite vimbiso dzemitemo dzinosarura chikamu chevanhu panguva yekuratidzira kwemutungamiri wenyika.
- Kana vasarudzwa semutungamiri wenyika, ongororai mitemo iripo, huzivi hunovatungamirira, uye bumbiro remitemo.
- Bvunzai nenyanzvi dzezvemitemo yehurumende nedzemitemo kuti muve nechokwadi chekuti mirairo mitsva yevakuru inoenderana nebumbiro remitemo uye kuti vanopindura nyaya dzematongerwo enyika chaidzo uye dziri kubuda.
- Gadzira hungwaru hwezvematongerwo enyika, iva akavhurika kuti uteerere uye udzidze, uye worega kushandisa nguva dzose twitter.
Munyori, Dr. Basil Ugorji, ndiye Mutungamiriri uye CEO weInternational Center for Ethno-Religious Mediation. Akawana Ph.D. muKuongorora Kukakavadzana uye Kugadzirisa kubva kuDhipatimendi reKugadzirisa Kugadzirisa Zvidzidzo, Koreji yeUnyanzvi, Hunhu uye Sayenzi Yemagariro, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida.
