Ukwakha uMlamli waMazwe ngaMazwe: Impembelelo kuXolo kwisiXeko saseNew York

UBrad Heckman

Ukwakha uMlamli waMazwe ngaMazwe: Impembelelo kuXolo kwiSixeko saseNew York kwi-ICERM Radio yasasazwa nge-19 kaMatshi ngo-2016.

Kwesi siqendu, uBrad Heckman uthetha ngeminyaka yakhe yokukhuthaza uxolo kumazwe aphesheya kunye nendlela amava akhe asebenza ngayo kumazwe amaninzi abe negalelo ekuphuhliseni ulamlo kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokusombulula iingxabano kwisiXeko saseNew York.

 

UBrad Heckman

UBrad Heckman liGosa eliyiNtloko lesiGqeba seNew York Peace Institute, enye yezona nkonzo zikhulu zolamlo kwihlabathi jikelele.

UBrad Heckman ukwanguNjingalwazi oncedisayo kwiZiko leYunivesithi yaseNew York kwiMicimbi yeHlabathi, apho wafumana khona iMbasa yokuGqwesa ngokuFundisa. Usebenza kwiibhodi zeNational Association for Community Mediation, iNew York State Dispute Resolution Association, kwaye wayengumsunguli weTrasti yeMyuziyam yoXolo yeSixeko saseNew York. UBrad uye waqeqesha imibutho yabasebenzi, i-NYPD, i-NASA, imibutho yoluntu, iinkqubo zeZizwe eziManyeneyo, iinkokeli zabasetyhini abasakhulayo kwiPersian Gulf, kunye neenkampani kumazwe angaphezu kwamashumi amabini. Uqeqesho lwakhe luyaziwa ngokubandakanya imizekeliso yakhe, inkcubeko yepop, uburharha kunye nethiyetha, njengoko kunokubonwa kwi-TEDx Talk yakhe, Ngengqondo Ukungena Phakathi.

Umdla kaBrad ekukhuthazeni iingxoxo ezinoxolo waqala ngelixa wayefundisa kwiYunivesithi yasePoland ngo-1989, ebona utshintsho olusuka kulawulo lweSoviet ukuya kwidemokhrasi ngokusebenzisa uthethathethwano lwetafile. Ngaphambili uBrad wayeyiSekela likaMongameli we-Safe Horizon, i-ejensi ekhokelayo yeenkonzo zamaxhoba kunye ne-arhente yokuthintela ubundlobongela, apho wayejongene nokuLamla kwabo, iiNtsapho zamaxhoba okubulala, iiNkonzo zoMthetho, i-Anti-Trafficking, i-Batterers Intervention, kunye ne-Anti-Stalking Programs. Ukwasebenza njengoMlawuli waMazwe ngaMazwe ngaMaqabane oTshintsho lweDemokhrasi, apho wanceda khona ukuphuhlisa amaziko olamlo lokuqala eMpuma Yurophu, kwiiBalkans, kwiSoviet Union yangaphambili kunye neLatin America. Umsebenzi wakhe uboniswe kwiWall Street Journal, iNew York Times, iTimeOut New York, iRadio yeNASH, iTelemundo, iUnivision kunye namanye amajelo eendaba.

UBrad wafumana iMasters yezoBugcisa kuBudlelwane baMazwe ngaMazwe kwiSikolo seYunivesithi yaseJohns Hopkins yeZifundo eziPhakamileyo zaMazwe ngaMazwe, kunye neSidanga soBugcisa kwiNzululwazi yezoPolitiko kwiKholeji yaseDickinson. 

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Amanqaku Afana

Iinkonzo e-Igboland: Ukwahluka, Ukufaneleka kunye nokubakho

Unqulo sesinye seziganeko zentlalo nezoqoqosho ezinefuthe elingenakuphikiswa eluntwini naphina ehlabathini. Njengobungcwele njengoko kubonakala ngathi, inkolo ayibalulekanga nje kuphela ekuqondeni ubukho babemi bomthonyama kodwa ikwanayo nomgaqo-nkqubo wokubaluleka kwimeko yobuhlanga kunye nophuhliso. Ubungqina bembali kunye ne-ethnographic kwiibonakaliso ezahlukeneyo kunye namagama okwenziwa kweziganeko zenkolo zininzi. Isizwe sama-Igbo kuMazantsi eNigeria, kumacala omabini oMlambo iNiger, lelinye lawona maqela makhulu enkcubeko yabarhwebi abamnyama eAfrika, anenzondelelo yenkolo engathandabuzekiyo ebandakanya uphuhliso oluzinzileyo kunye nokusebenzisana phakathi kwezizwe ngezizwe ngaphakathi kwemida yemveli. Kodwa imeko yonqulo yaseIgboland ihlala iguquka. Ukuza kuthi ga kowe-1840, eyona nkolo ibalaseleyo yamaIgbo yayiyeyemveli okanye yemveli. Ngaphantsi kwamashumi amabini eminyaka kamva, xa kwaqaliswa umsebenzi wobuvangeli basemazweni abangamaKristu kuloo mmandla, kwabakho umkhosi omtsha owawuza kuthi ekugqibeleni ulungelelanise inkangeleko yonqulo lwaloo mmandla. UbuKristu bakhula baba ncinane kakhulu kulawulo lwamva. Phambi kwekhulu leminyaka yobuKristu e-Igboland, amaSilamsi kunye nezinye iinkolo ezingaphantsi kwe-hegemonic zavela ukuze zikhuphisane neenkolo zemveli zaseIgbo kunye nobuKristu. Eli phepha lilandelela iiyantlukwano zenkolo kunye nokufaneleka kwayo kuphuhliso oluhambelanayo e-Igboland. Itsala idatha yayo kwimisebenzi epapashiweyo, udliwano-ndlebe, kunye nezinto zobugcisa. Iphikisa ukuba njengoko iinkolo ezintsha zivela, indawo yenkolo ye-Igbo iya kuqhubeka nokuhlukahluka kunye / okanye ukulungelelanisa, nokuba kukubandakanya okanye ukuhluka phakathi kweenkolo ezikhoyo kunye nezikhulayo, ukuze kuphile i-Igbo.

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