Ungquzulwano lweNkcubeko phakathi kwabazali abasuka kwamanye amazwe kunye nooGqirha baseMelika

Kweneke ntoni? Imvelaphi yezembali kungquzulwano

U-Lia Lee ngumntwana we-Hmong onesifo sokuxhuzula kwaye usembindini wolu ngquzulwano lwenkcubeko phakathi kwabazali bakhe abasuka kwamanye amazwe kunye noogqirha baseMelika, bobabini abazama ukumnika olona nyango lubalaseleyo. U-Lia, onguNao Kao kunye nomntwana kaFoua Lee weshumi elinesine, uxhuzula okokuqala eneenyanga ezintathu ubudala emva kokuba udade wabo omdala evale ucango. AbakwaLees bakholelwa ukuba ingxolo enkulu yoyikisa umphefumlo kaLia emzimbeni wakhe, kwaye usiwa kwiZiko lezoNyango loLuntu eMerced (MCMC) eMerced, eCalifornia, apho kwafunyaniswa ukuba unesifo sokuxhuzula esiqatha. Noko ke, abazali bakaLia sele beyichazile imeko yakhe njengeqaug dab peg, okuguqulela ngokuthi “umoya ukubamba uze uwe phantsi.” Imeko iluphawu lonxibelelwano kummandla womoya kwaye luphawu lwembeko kwinkcubeko yamaHmong. Ngelixa abakwaLee beyixhalabele impilo yentombi yabo, nabo bavuyiswa kukuba inokuba a txiv ewe, okanye ishaman, xa sele ekhulile.

Oogqirha banika irejimeni yeyeza elintsonkothileyo, abazali bakaLia abatsala nzima ukuyithobela. Ukuxhuzula kuyaqhubeka, kwaye abakwaLees bayaqhubeka nokusa uLia kwi-MCMC ukuze bafumane unyango, kunye nokuzilolonga. neeb, okanye amayeza esintu ekhaya, njengokuhlikihla iingqekembe, ukubingelela ngezilwanyana nokuzisa a txiv ewe ukukhumbula umphefumlo wakhe. Ngenxa yokuba ooLee bekholelwa ukuba iyeza laseNtshona liyenza ibe mandundu imeko kaLia kwaye lithintela iindlela zabo zesintu, bayayeka ukumnika njengoko bayalelwe. U-Lia uqala ukubonisa iimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, kwaye ugqirha wakhe oyintloko unika ingxelo ye-Lees kwiinkonzo zokhuselo lwabantwana ngokungamniki ukhathalelo olwaneleyo. U-Lia ulaliswa kwikhaya labantu abangenabani apho amayeza akhe awanikwa ngobuchule, kodwa ukuxhuzula kuyaqhubeka.

Amabali omnye komnye – uMntu ngamnye uyiqonda njani iMeko kwaye kutheni

Ibali looGqirha be-MCMC – Abazali bakaLia yingxaki.

Isikhundla: Siyayazi eyona nto imlungeleyo uLia, yaye abazali bakhe abakufanelekeli ukumnyamekela.

Inzala:

Ukhuseleko / Ukhuseleko: Imeko ka-Lia ayiyonto ngaphandle kwengxaki yemithambo-luvo, enokunyangwa kuphela ngokumisela amayeza amaninzi. Ukuxhuzula kuka-Lia kuqhubekile, ke siyazi ukuba ooLee ababoneleli uLia ngokhathalelo olwaneleyo. Sixhalabele ukhuseleko lomntwana, yiyo loo nto siye saxela i-Lees kwiinkonzo zokukhusela abantwana.

Ukuzithemba / Intlonipho: OoLee baye badelela thina nabasebenzi basesibhedlele. Bafika emva kwexesha phantse kuzo zonke iindibano zabo. Bathi baza kusinika iyeza esilimiselayo, kodwa bagoduke baye kwenza into eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Singoochwephesha bezonyango abaqeqeshiweyo, kwaye siyayazi eyona nto ilungele uLia.

Ibali labazali bakaLia – Oogqirha be-MCMC bayingxaki.

Isikhundla: Oogqirha abazi ukuba yintoni emlungeleyo uLia. Iyeza labo lenza imeko yakhe ibe mandundu. U-Lia kufuneka aphathwe ngowethu neeb.

Inzala:

Ukhuseleko / Ukhuseleko: Asiwaqondi amayeza kagqirha – ungawunyanga njani umzimba ngaphandle kokunyanga umphefumlo? Oogqirha banokulungisa ezinye izigulo ezibandakanya umzimba, kodwa uLia uyagula ngenxa yomphefumlo wakhe. U-Lia uhlaselwa ngumoya ombi, kwaye iyeza likagqirha lenza ukuba unyango lwethu lokomoya lungasebenzi kakuhle. Siluxhalabele ukhuseleko lomntwana wethu. Bamthathele uLia apha kuthi ngoku uya eba worse.

Ukuzithemba / Intlonipho: Oogqirha abazi nto ngathi okanye isiko lethu. Xa uLia wazalelwa kwesi sibhedlele, iplacenta yakhe yatshiswa, kodwa kwakufuneka ingcwatywe ukuze umphefumlo wakhe ubuyele kuyo emva kokuba efile. U-Lia unyangelwa into abayibiza ngokuba “yisifo sokuwa.” Asazi ukuba kuthetha ukuthini oko. ULia uye qaug dab isikhonkwane, kwaye oogqirha abazange bazikhathaze ngokusibuza ukuba sicinga ukuba yintoni engalunganga ngaye. Abayi kusiphulaphula xa sizama ukuchaza ukuba umphefumlo wakhe uhlaselwa ngumoya ongendawo. Ngenye imini, xa umphefumlo kaLia ubizwa ukuba ubuyele emzimbeni wakhe, uya kuba a txiv ewe kwaye iya kuzisa imbeko enkulu kusapho lwethu.

Ucaphulo

Fadiman, A. (1997). Umoya uyakubamba kwaye uwe phantsi: Umntwana waseHmong, oogqirha bakhe baseMelika, kunye nokungqubana kweenkcubeko ezimbini.. ENew York: Farrar, Straus, kunye neGiroux.

IProjekthi yokuLamla: Uphononongo lweCase lokuLamlelwa luphuhliswe ngu UGrace Haskin, 2018

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Amanqaku Afana

Iinkonzo e-Igboland: Ukwahluka, Ukufaneleka kunye nokubakho

Unqulo sesinye seziganeko zentlalo nezoqoqosho ezinefuthe elingenakuphikiswa eluntwini naphina ehlabathini. Njengobungcwele njengoko kubonakala ngathi, inkolo ayibalulekanga nje kuphela ekuqondeni ubukho babemi bomthonyama kodwa ikwanayo nomgaqo-nkqubo wokubaluleka kwimeko yobuhlanga kunye nophuhliso. Ubungqina bembali kunye ne-ethnographic kwiibonakaliso ezahlukeneyo kunye namagama okwenziwa kweziganeko zenkolo zininzi. Isizwe sama-Igbo kuMazantsi eNigeria, kumacala omabini oMlambo iNiger, lelinye lawona maqela makhulu enkcubeko yabarhwebi abamnyama eAfrika, anenzondelelo yenkolo engathandabuzekiyo ebandakanya uphuhliso oluzinzileyo kunye nokusebenzisana phakathi kwezizwe ngezizwe ngaphakathi kwemida yemveli. Kodwa imeko yonqulo yaseIgboland ihlala iguquka. Ukuza kuthi ga kowe-1840, eyona nkolo ibalaseleyo yamaIgbo yayiyeyemveli okanye yemveli. Ngaphantsi kwamashumi amabini eminyaka kamva, xa kwaqaliswa umsebenzi wobuvangeli basemazweni abangamaKristu kuloo mmandla, kwabakho umkhosi omtsha owawuza kuthi ekugqibeleni ulungelelanise inkangeleko yonqulo lwaloo mmandla. UbuKristu bakhula baba ncinane kakhulu kulawulo lwamva. Phambi kwekhulu leminyaka yobuKristu e-Igboland, amaSilamsi kunye nezinye iinkolo ezingaphantsi kwe-hegemonic zavela ukuze zikhuphisane neenkolo zemveli zaseIgbo kunye nobuKristu. Eli phepha lilandelela iiyantlukwano zenkolo kunye nokufaneleka kwayo kuphuhliso oluhambelanayo e-Igboland. Itsala idatha yayo kwimisebenzi epapashiweyo, udliwano-ndlebe, kunye nezinto zobugcisa. Iphikisa ukuba njengoko iinkolo ezintsha zivela, indawo yenkolo ye-Igbo iya kuqhubeka nokuhlukahluka kunye / okanye ukulungelelanisa, nokuba kukubandakanya okanye ukuhluka phakathi kweenkolo ezikhoyo kunye nezikhulayo, ukuze kuphile i-Igbo.

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