Ukukhula koQoqosho kunye noSombululo lweNgxaki ngoMgaqo-nkqubo woLuntu: Izifundo ezivela kwiNiger Delta yaseNigeria
Iingqwalasela zokuqala
Kuluntu longxowankulu, uqoqosho kunye nentengiso ibiyeyona nto kujongwe kuyo uhlalutyo ngokubhekisele kuphuhliso, ukukhula, kunye nokusukela impumelelo kunye nolonwabo. Nangona kunjalo, le ngcamango iguquka ngokuthe ngcembe ngakumbi emva kokwamkelwa kwe-Ajenda yoPhuhliso oluZinzileyo yeZizwe eziManyeneyo ngamazwe angamalungu kunye neeNjongo zoPhuhliso oluZinzileyo ezilishumi elinesixhenxe (SDGS). Nangona uninzi lweenjongo zophuhliso oluzinzileyo luqhubela phambili nokwandisa isithembiso sobungxowankulu, ezinye zeenjongo zibaluleke kakhulu kwingxoxo yomgaqo-nkqubo malunga nokungquzulana kwingingqi yaseNiger Delta yaseNigeria.
I-Niger Delta yindawo apho i-oyile ekrwada negesi yaseNigeria zikhoyo. Iinkampani ezininzi ze-oyile zamazwe ngamazwe zikhona ngokukhutheleyo kwi-Niger Delta, zikhupha i-oyile ekrwada ngokubambisana nelizwe laseNigeria. Malunga ne-70 % yengeniso yengeniso yonyaka yaseNigeria iveliswa ngokuthengiswa kwe-oyile ye-Niger Delta kunye negesi, kwaye ezi zenza ukuya kuthi ga kwi-90 % yelizwe elithunyelwa ngaphandle. Ukuba ukutsalwa kunye nokuveliswa kweoli kunye negesi akuphazamiseki ngexesha lonyaka wemali, uqoqosho lwaseNigeria luyaqhakaza kwaye lukhula ngamandla ngenxa yokunyuka kweoli yokuthunyelwa ngaphandle. Nangona kunjalo, xa ukukhutshwa kweoli kunye nokuveliswa kuphazamiseka kwi-Niger Delta, ukuthunyelwa kweoli kwe-oyile kuncipha, kwaye uqoqosho lwaseNigeria luyancipha. Oku kubonisa indlela uqoqosho lwaseNigeria oluxhomekeke ngayo kwiNiger Delta.
Ukususela ekuqaleni kwe-1980 ukuya kulo nyaka (okt 2017), kukho ukungqubuzana okuqhubekayo phakathi kwabantu baseNiger Delta kunye norhulumente wobumbano waseNigeria kunye neenkampani zeoli zamazwe ngamazwe ngenxa yemibandela emininzi ehambelana nokutsalwa kweoli. Eminye imiba yomonakalo wokusingqongileyo kunye nokungcoliswa kwamanzi, ukungalingani malunga nokuhanjiswa kobutyebi beoli, ukuchithwa okubonakalayo kunye nokukhutshwa kweNiger Deltans, kunye nokuxhaphazwa okuyingozi kwingingqi yaseNiger Delta. Le miba imelwe kakuhle zezo njongo zophuhliso oluzinzileyo zeZizwe eziManyeneyo ezingajoliswanga kubungxowankulu, kubandakanywa kodwa kungaphelelanga kwinjongo yesi-3 – impilo entle kunye nokuba sempilweni; injongo yesi-6 - amanzi acocekileyo kunye nococeko; injongo ye-10 - ukunciphisa ukungalingani; injongo ye-12 - imveliso enoxanduva kunye nokusetyenziswa; injongo ye-14 - ubomi ngaphantsi kwamanzi; injongo ye-15 - ubomi emhlabeni; kunye nenjongo ye-16 - uxolo, ubulungisa kunye namaziko aqinileyo.
Ekuphazamisekeni kwabo kwezi njongo zophuhliso oluzinzileyo, abantu baseNiger Delta baye bahlanganisana ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo nangamaxesha ahlukeneyo. Ezona zibalaseleyo phakathi kwamatsha ntliziyo eNiger Delta kunye nemibutho yezentlalo yiMovement for the Survival of Ogoni People (MOSOP) eyasungulwa ekuqaleni kuka-1990 phantsi kobunkokheli be-activist yendalo esingqongileyo, uKen Saro-Wiwa, owathi, kunye nabanye abasibhozo abantu baseOgeni (abaziwa ngokubanzi ngokuba i-Ogoni Nine), yagwetyelwa ukufa ngokuxhonywa ngo-1995 ngurhulumente womkhosi kaNjengele Sani Abacha. Amanye amaqela alwayo abandakanya i-Movement for Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND) eyenziwe ekuqaleni kwe-2006 ngu-Henry Okah, kwaye kutshanje, i-Niger Delta Avengers (NDA) evele ngo-Matshi 2016, ivakalisa imfazwe yokufakelwa kweoli kunye nezixhobo ngaphakathi Ummandla waseNiger Delta. Isiphithiphithi sala maqela e-Niger Delta kukhokelele kukujongana ngezikhondo zamehlo nabezomthetho kunye nomkhosi. Oku kujongana nobundlobongela, okukhokelela ekutshatyalalisweni kwezibonelelo zeoyile, ukulahleka kobomi, kunye nokumiswa kwemveliso yeoli ethe yakhubaza kwaye yathumela uqoqosho lwaseNigeria ekudodobaleni koqoqosho ngo-2016.
Ngo-Aprili 27, i-2017, i-CNN yazisa ingxelo yeendaba ebhalwe ngu-Eleni Giokos ngesihloko esithi: "Uqoqosho lwaseNigeria 'lwaluyintlekele' ngo-2016. Ngaba lo nyaka uyahluka?" Le ngxelo iphinda ibonise ifuthe elibi longquzulwano kwi-Niger Delta kuqoqosho lwaseNigeria. Yinjongo yeli phepha ke ngoko ukuphonononga ingxelo yeendaba ye-Giokos ye-CNN. Uphononongo lulandelwa luhlolo lwemigaqo-nkqubo eyahlukeneyo eyenziwa ngurhulumente waseNigeria kwiminyaka ukuxazulula ingxabano yaseNiger Delta. Amandla kunye nobuthathaka bale migaqo-nkqubo bahlalutywa ngokusekwe kwiithiyori neengqiqo ezithile zomgaqo-nkqubo woluntu. Ekugqibeleni, iingcebiso zinikezelwa ukunceda ukuxazulula ingxabano ekhoyo kwi-Niger Delta.
Uphononongo lweNgxelo yeendaba ze-CNN zikaGiokos: “Uqoqosho lwaseNigeria ‘lwaluyintlekele’ ngo-2016. Ngaba lo nyaka uya kwahluka?”
Ingxelo yeendaba zikaGiokos ichaza isizathu sokudodobala koqoqosho lwaseNigeria kwi-2016 ekuhlaselweni kwemibhobho yeoli ngaphakathi kwingingqi yaseNiger Delta. Ngokwengxelo ye-World Economic Outlook Projections epapashwe yi-International Monetary Fund (IMF), uqoqosho lwaseNigeria lwehla ngo-1.5 ngo-2016. Oku kwehla kwezoqoqosho kunemiphumo emibi eNigeria: abasebenzi abaninzi baxoshwa; amaxabiso ezinto kunye neenkonzo enyuka ngenxa yokunyuka kwamaxabiso; kunye nemali yaseNigeria - i-naira - ilahlekelwe ixabiso layo (okwangoku, ngaphezu kwe-320 Naira ilingana ne-1 Dollar).
Ngenxa yokunqongophala kweyantlukwano kuqoqosho lwaseNigeria, nanini na kukho ubundlobongela okanye ukuhlaselwa kofakelo lweoyile kwi-Niger Delta - ethi yona ibe ngumkhenkce ukutsalwa kwe-oyile kunye nemveliso -, uqoqosho lwaseNigeria lunokwenzeka ukuba luhlehle. Umbuzo ekufuneka uphendulwe ngulo: kutheni urhulumente waseNigeria kunye nabemi bengakwazi ukuhlukanisa uqoqosho lwabo? Kutheni icandelo lezolimo, ishishini lobugcisa, amanye amashishini emveliso, ishishini lokuzonwabisa, njalo njalo, lingahoywa amashumi eminyaka? Kutheni uthembele kuphela kwioli nakwigesi? Nangona le mibuzo ingeyona nto iphambili ekugxilwe kuyo kweli phepha, ukucamngca kunye nokujongana nayo kunokubonelela ngezixhobo eziluncedo kunye neendlela zokusombulula ingxabano yaseNiger Delta, kunye nokuvuselela uqoqosho lwaseNigeria.
Nangona uqoqosho lwaseNigeria lwangena kwi-recession kwi-2016, i-Giokos ishiya abafundi benethemba le-2017. Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba abatyali-mali akufanele boyike. Okokuqala, urhulumente waseNigeria, emva kokuqonda ukuba ukungenelela komkhosi akukwazi ukumisa i-Niger Delta Avengers okanye uncedo ekunciphiseni ungquzulwano, ukwamkelwa kweengxoxo kunye nezigqibo zomgaqo-nkqubo oqhubekayo ukusombulula ingxabano yaseNiger Delta kunye nokubuyisela uxolo kummandla. Okwesibini, kwaye ngokusekelwe kwisisombululo soxolo songquzulwano ngokuxoxisana kunye nokwenziwa komgaqo-nkqubo oqhubekayo, i-International Monetary Fund (IMF) iqikelela ukuba uqoqosho lwaseNigeria luya kufumana ukukhula kwe-0.8 kwi-2017 eya kukhupha ilizwe kwi-recession. Isizathu solu hlumo loqoqosho kukuba ukutsalwa kweoli, ukuveliswa kunye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kuqale kwakhona emva kokuba urhulumente eqalise izicwangciso zokujongana neemfuno zeNiger Delta Avengers.
Imigaqo-nkqubo kaRhulumente ebhekiselele kwiNgxwabangxwaba yeNiger Delta: Eyadlulayo Nangoku
Ukuqonda imigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente yangoku malunga ne-Niger Delta, kubalulekile ukuphonononga imigaqo-nkqubo yolawulo lwangaphambili lorhulumente kunye neendima zabo ekunyuseni okanye ekunciphiseni ingxabano yaseNiger Delta.
Okokuqala, ulawulo oluhlukeneyo lukarhulumente waseNigeria luphumeze umgaqo-nkqubo owawuthanda ukusetyenziswa kokungenelela emkhosini kunye nokunyanzeliswa ukulawula iingxaki zaseNiger Delta. Ubungakanani bokusetyenziswa komkhosi womkhosi bunokwahluka kulawulo ngalunye, kodwa umkhosi wezempi ube sisigqibo sokuqala somgaqo-nkqubo owenziweyo ukuphelisa ubundlobongela eNiger Delta. Ngelishwa, amanyathelo okunyanzeliswa awazange asebenze kwi-Niger Delta ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi: ukulahlekelwa okungadingekile kobomi kumacala omabini; imbonakalo-mhlaba ithanda iNiger Deltans; abavukeli bachubekile; umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu ubangelwa kumaziko e-oyile; abasebenzi abaninzi bamanye amazwe bayaxhwilwa xa bengquzulana nomkhosi; kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ukusetyenziswa kokungenelela emkhosini kwi-Niger Delta kwandisa ungquzulwano oluthi lukhubaze uqoqosho lwaseNigeria.
Okwesibini, ukuphendula kwimisebenzi ye-Movement for Survival of the Ogoni People (MOSOP) ekuqaleni kweminyaka yee-1990, uzwilakhe wezomkhosi ngelo xesha kunye nentloko yelizwe, uGeneral Sani Abacha, waseka kwaye wasebenzisa umgaqo-nkqubo wokuthintela ngesigwebo sentambo. Ngokugwebela ukufa iOgoni Nine ngokuxhonywa ngo-1995 – kuquka inkokeli yeMovement for the Survival of the Ogoni People, uKen Saro-Wiwa, namahlakani akhe asibhozo – ngezityholo zokuphembelela ukubulawa kwabadala abane baseOgoni ababexhasa umbutho. urhulumente wobumbano, urhulumente wasemkhosini waseSani Abacha wayefuna ukunqanda abantu baseNiger Delta ekuqhubekeni phambili. Ukubulawa kweOgoni Nine kwafumana ukugwetywa kuzwelonke nakwihlabathi jikelele, kwaye kwasilela ukunqanda abantu baseNiger Delta kumlo wabo wobulungisa kwezentlalo, kwezoqoqosho kunye nokusingqongileyo. Ukubulawa kwe-Ogoni Nine kukhokelele ekuqinisweni kwemizabalazo yaseNiger Delta, kwaye kamva, ukuvela kwemibutho emitsha yentlalontle kunye nemfazwe ngaphakathi kommandla.
Okwesithathu, ngomthetho we-congressional, iKomishoni yoPhuhliso lwe-Niger Delta (NDDC) yadalwa ekuqaleni kwentando yesininzi kwi-2000 ngexesha lolawulo lukaMongameli u-Olusegun Obasanjo. Njengoko igama lale khomishini libonisa, isakhelo somgaqo-nkqubo apho eli nyathelo lisekelwe khona kumaziko malunga nokudalwa, ukuphunyezwa kunye nokutya kweeprojekthi zophuhliso ezijoliswe ekuphenduleni iimfuno eziphambili zabantu baseNiger Delta - kubandakanywa kodwa kungaphelelanga kwindawo ecocekileyo kunye namanzi. , ukuncitshiswa kongcoliseko, ucoceko, imisebenzi, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwezopolitiko, iziseko ezingundoqo ezifanelekileyo, kwakunye nezinye zeenjongo zophuhliso oluzinzileyo: impilo entle nentlalontle, ukuncitshiswa kokungalingani, imveliso enoxanduva nokusetyenziswa kwayo, ukuhlonelwa kobomi obungaphantsi kwamanzi, ukuhlonelwa kobomi emhlabeni. , uxolo, ubulungisa kunye namaziko asebenzayo.
Okwesine, ukunciphisa impembelelo yemisebenzi ye-Movement for Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND) kuqoqosho lwaseNigeria, kunye nokuphendula iimfuno zeNiger Deltans, urhulumente kaMongameli u-Umaru Musa Yar'Adua wasuka kude. ukusetyenziswa komkhosi kunye nokudala iinkqubo zobulungisa eziphuhlisayo kunye nokubuyisela kwisimo se-Niger Delta. Ngo-2008, i-Ofisi yoMphathiswa weMicimbi ye-Niger Delta yadalwa ukuba isebenze njenge-arhente yokulungelelanisa kwiinkqubo zophuhliso kunye nokubuyisela kwimo yobulungisa. Iinkqubo eziphuhlisayo bezifanele ukuphendula kwintswelo-bulungisa yezoqoqosho kanye nokubonwayo, ukonakaliswa kwendalo kunye nongcoliseko lwamanzi, imiba yentswela-ngqesho kunye nentlupheko. Ngenkqubo yoBuyiselo kwiSimo sangaPhambili kweXhoba noMoni, uMongameli Umaru Musa Yar'Adua, ngomyalelo wakhe olawulayo we-26 kaJuni ka-2009 wanika uxolelo kubavukeli baseNiger Delta. Abalweli baseNiger Delta balahla izixhobo zabo, bahlaziywa, bafumana uqeqesho lobugcisa kunye nomsebenzi kunye nezibonelelo zenyanga ezivela kurhulumente wobumbano. Abanye babo banikwa izibonelelo zokuqhubela phambili nemfundo yabo njengenxalenye yokuxolelwa. Zombini inkqubo yophuhliso kunye nenkqubo yobulungisa bokubuyisela yayibalulekile ekubuyiseleni uxolo kwi-Niger Delta ixesha elide eliye lanyusa uqoqosho lwaseNigeria de kwavela i-Niger Delta Avengers kwi-2016.
Okwesihlanu, isigqibo sokuqala somgaqo-nkqubo wolawulo lwangoku lukarhulumente - kaMongameli Muhammadu Buhari - ngokubhekiselele kwi-Niger Delta yayikumisa ukuxolelwa kukamongameli okanye inkqubo yobulungisa yokubuyisela ebekwe ngoorhulumente bangaphambili, echaza ukuba inkqubo yokuxolelwa yenza kwaye ivuze abaphuli-mthetho. Utshintsho olunjalo lomgaqo-nkqubo lukholelwa ukuba luyimbangela enkulu yemfazwe ye-Niger Delta Avengers kwizixhobo zeoli kwi-2016. Ukuphendula kwi-sophistication ye-Niger Delta Avengers kunye nomonakalo omkhulu abawenzayo ekufakeni ioli, urhulumente waseBuhari waqwalasela ukusetyenziswa. yokungenelela emkhosini ekholelwa ukuba ingxaki yaseNiger Delta yingxaki yomthetho nocwangco. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko uqoqosho lwaseNigeria luye lwangena kwi-recession ngenxa yobundlobongela e-Niger Delta, umgaqo-nkqubo kaBuhari malunga nengxabano yaseNiger Delta yatshintsha ukusuka ekusebenziseni kuphela umkhosi wezempi ukuya kwingxoxo kunye nokubonisana kunye nabadala baseNiger Delta kunye neenkokheli. Ukulandela utshintsho olubonakalayo kumgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente ngokubhekiselele kwingxabano yaseNiger Delta, kuquka ukuqaliswa kwakhona kwenkqubo yokuxolelwa kunye nokunyuka kwebhajethi yokuxolelwa, kunye nokubona ingxoxo eqhubekayo phakathi kukarhulumente kunye neenkokheli zaseNiger Delta, i-Niger Delta Avengers imisiwe. imisebenzi yabo. Ukusukela ekuqaleni kuka-2017, bekukho uxolo olulinganiselweyo kwi-Niger Delta. Ukutsalwa kwe-oyile kunye nokuveliswa kuphinde kwaqala, ngelixa uqoqosho lwaseNigeria ngokuthe ngcembe lubuyela ekuwohlokeni.
Ubuchule bePolisi
Ingxabano e-Niger Delta, impembelelo eyonakalisayo kuqoqosho lwaseNigeria, izoyikiso zoxolo nokhuseleko, kunye nemizamo yokusombulula ingxabano ngurhulumente waseNigeria inokuchazwa kwaye iqondwe kwingcamango yokusebenza kakuhle. Ezinye iithiyori zomgaqo-nkqubo ezifana noDeborah Stone zikholelwa ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo woluntu uyinto ephazamisayo. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, umgaqo-nkqubo woluntu ngumbaxa phakathi kobuchule kunye nempumelelo. Yinto enye ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo woluntu usebenze; yenye into yokuba loo mgaqo-nkqubo usebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Abenzi bemigaqo-nkqubo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yabo kuthiwa esebenzayo ukuba kwaye kuphela ukuba bafumana iziphumo eziphezulu kunye neendleko ezincinci. Abaqulunqi bemigaqo-nkqubo abasebenzayo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo abayikhuthazi inkcitho yexesha, izixhobo, imali, izakhono kunye netalente, kwaye bakuphepha ngokupheleleyo ukuphindaphinda. Imigaqo-nkqubo esebenzayo yongeza ixabiso eliphezulu kubomi benani eliphezulu labantu kuluntu. Ngokuchasene noko, abenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yabo kuthiwa ngempumelelo ukuba bazalisekisa kuphela injongo ethile - kungakhathaliseki ukuba le njongo izalisekiswa njani kwaye izalisekiswa kubani.
Ngalo mahluko ungasentla phakathi kobuchule kunye nempumelelo - kunye nokwazi ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo awukwazi ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo ngaphandle kokuqala kwaye uphumelele, kodwa umgaqo-nkqubo unokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo ngaphandle kokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo - imibuzo emibini kufuneka iphendulwe: 1) Ngaba ezo zigqibo zomgaqo-nkqubo zithathwa ngu? oorhulumente baseNigeria ukusombulula ingxabano kwi-Niger Delta esebenzayo okanye engasebenziyo? 2) Ukuba abenzi kakuhle, ngawaphi amanyathelo ekufuneka athatyathwe ukubanceda ukuba basebenze ngakumbi kwaye bavelise ezona ziphumo zisebenzayo kuninzi lwabantu eluntwini?
Ngokungasebenzi kakuhle kwemigaqo-nkqubo yaseNigeria ebhekiselele kwiNiger Delta
Ukuphononongwa kwezigqibo eziphambili zomgaqo-nkqubo ezithathwe ngoorhulumente bangaphambili kunye nabakhoyo baseNigeria njengoko kuboniswe ngasentla, kunye nokungakwazi kwabo ukubonelela ngezisombululo ezizinzileyo kwiingxaki zaseNiger Delta kunokukhokelela kwisigqibo sokuba le migaqo-nkqubo ayisebenzi kakuhle. Ukuba bebesebenza ngokufanelekileyo, bebeza kuba neziphumo eziphezulu kunye neendleko ezincinci, ngelixa benqanda ukuphindaphinda kunye nenkcitho engeyomfuneko yexesha, imali kunye nezibonelelo. Ukuba abezopolitiko kunye nabenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo babeka ukhuphiswano lwe-ethno-politiki kunye nezenzo zorhwaphilizo ecaleni kwaye basebenzise ingqiqo yabo, urhulumente waseNigeria unokudala imigaqo-nkqubo engenamkhethe enokuthi iphendule ngokufanelekileyo kwiimfuno zabantu baseNiger Delta kwaye ivelise iziphumo ezizinzileyo nangona uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kunye nezixhobo ezincinci. . Endaweni yokuqulunqa imigaqo-nkqubo esebenzayo, oorhulumente bangaphambili kunye norhulumente okhoyo bachithe ixesha elininzi, imali kunye nezibonelelo, kunye nokuzibandakanya ekuphindaphindweni kweenkqubo. UMongameli uBuhari ekuqaleni wanciphisa inkqubo yokuxolelwa, wanqumla uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lokuphunyezwa kwayo ngokuqhubekayo, kwaye wazama ukusetyenziswa kokungenelela komkhosi kwi-Niger Delta - amanyathelo omgaqo-nkqubo owamhlukanisa nolawulo lwangaphambili. Izigqibo zomgaqo-nkqubo ezikhawulezileyo ezifana nezi zinokubangela ukubhideka kummandla kwaye zidale isithuba sokwanda kobundlobongela.
Enye into ekufuneka iqwalaselwe bubume bemigaqo-nkqubo kunye neenkqubo ezenzelwe ukulungisa ingxaki yaseNiger Delta, ukuhlola i-oyile, ukuveliswa kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle. Ukongeza kwiKomishoni yoPhuhliso lwe-Niger Delta (NDDC) kunye ne-Federal Ministry yeMicimbi yaseNiger Delta, kubonakala ngathi kukho ezinye ii-arhente ezidalwe zombini kwi-federal kunye ne-state level ukujonga uphuhliso lwentlalo-qoqosho kunye nokusingqongileyo kummandla waseNiger Delta. Nangona i-Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) kunye neenkampani ezincedisayo ezilishumi elinanye kunye ne-Federal Ministry yePetroleum Resources zinegunya lokulungelelanisa ukuhlola i-oyile kunye negesi, ukuveliswa, ukuthumela ngaphandle, ukulawulwa kunye nezinye iindawo ezininzi, nazo zinoxanduva lwentlalo yoluntu ngaphakathi I-Niger Delta kunye namandla okucebisa kunye nokuphumeza ukuguqulwa komgaqo-nkqubo ohambelana ne-Niger Delta yeoli kunye negesi. Kwakhona, abadlali abaphambili ngokwabo - iinkampani zeoli kunye negesi yezizwe ngezizwe - umzekelo iShell, i-ExxonMobil, i-Elf, i-Agip, i-Chevron, njalo njalo, baye badala iiprojekthi zophuhliso loluntu ezijolise ekuphuculeni ubomi baseNiger Deltans.
Ngayo yonke le migudu, umntu unokubuza: kutheni abantu baseNiger Delta bekhalaza nje? Ukuba basafuna ubulungisa kwezentlalo, kwezoqoqosho, kokusingqongileyo kunye nezopolitiko, oko kuthetha ukuba imigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente yokujongana nale miba kunye neenzame zophuhliso loluntu ezenziwa ziinkampani zeoli azisebenzi kwaye zanele. Ukuba inkqubo yoxolelo, ngokomzekelo, yayilungiselelwe ukuba kungenelwe ubukhulu becala ababefudula bengamajoli, kuthekani ngamaIndiya aqhelekileyo eNiger Delta, abantwana babo, imfundo, imekobume, amanzi abaxhomekeke kuwo ngokulima nokuloba, iindlela, impilo, nezinye izinto eziye zanceda abantu abaninzi ababefudula bephila ngelo xesha. inokuyiphucula impilo yabo? Imigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente kunye neeprojekthi zophuhliso loluntu lweenkampani ze-oyile kufuneka ziphunyezwe kwinqanaba elisezantsi ukuze kuxhamle abantu abaqhelekileyo kulo mmandla. Ezi nkqubo kufuneka ziphunyezwe ngendlela yokuba ama-indigenes aqhelekileyo e-Niger Delta aya kuziva exhotyisiwe kwaye equkiwe. Ukuqulunqa nokuphumeza imigaqo-nkqubo esebenzayo eya kujongana nengxabano kwi-Delta yaseNiger, kuyimfuneko ukuba abenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo baqale baqonde kwaye bachonge kunye nabantu baseNiger Delta into ebalulekileyo kunye nabantu abafanelekileyo ukuba basebenze nabo.
Endleleni ePhambili
Ukongeza ekuchongeni oko kubaluleke kakhulu kunye nabantu abafanelekileyo ukuba basebenze kunye nokuphunyezwa komgaqo-nkqubo ngokufanelekileyo, ezinye iingcebiso ezibalulekileyo zinikwe ngezantsi.
- Okokuqala, abenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo kufuneka baqonde ukuba ingxabano kwi-Delta yaseNiger inembali ende esekelwe kukungabikho kobulungisa kwezentlalo, kwezoqoqosho kunye nokusingqongileyo.
- Okwesibini, urhulumente kunye nabanye abachaphazelekayo kufuneka baqonde ukuba imiphumo yentlekele yaseNiger Delta iphezulu kwaye ineempembelelo ezimbi kuqoqosho lwaseNigeria kunye nakwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe.
- Okwesithathu, izisombululo ezininzi kwiingxabano kwi-Niger Delta kufuneka ziqhutywe ngaphandle kokungenelela komkhosi.
- Okwesine, kwanaxa amagosa onyanzeliso lomthetho esetyenziswa ukukhusela izibonelelo zeoyile, kufuneka athobele umgaqo othi, “musani ukulimaza” kubemi nabemi baseNiger Delta.
- Okwesihlanu, urhulumente kufuneka abuyisele ukuthembela kunye nokuzithemba kwi-Niger Deltans ngokubonisa kubo ukuba urhulumente usecaleni labo ngokuqulunqwa kunye nokuphunyezwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo esebenzayo.
- Okwesithandathu, kufuneka kuphuhliswe indlela esebenzayo yokulungelelanisa iinkqubo ezikhoyo nezintsha. Ukulungelelaniswa okusebenzayo kokuphunyezwa kwenkqubo kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba ama-indigenes aqhelekileyo ase-Niger Delta ayazuza kwezi nkqubo, kwaye kungekhona nje iqela elikhethiweyo labantu abanempembelelo.
- Okwesixhenxe, uqoqosho lwaseNigeria kufuneka luhluke ngokwenza kunye nokuphunyezwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo esebenzayo eya kuthanda imarike yasimahla, ngelixa ivula umnyango wotyalo-mali, kunye nokwandiswa kwamanye amacandelo afana nezolimo, iteknoloji, ukuvelisa, ukuzonwabisa, ukwakhiwa, ukuthutha. (kubandakanywa nomzila kaloliwe), amandla acocekileyo, kunye nezinye izinto ezintsha zale mihla. Uqoqosho oluhlukeneyo luya kunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kukarhulumente kwi-oyile kunye negesi, ukuhla kweempembelelo zezopolitiko eziqhutywa yimali yeoli, ukuphucula intlalontle kunye noqoqosho lwentlalontle yabo bonke abantu baseNigeria, kwaye kubangele ukukhula koqoqosho oluzinzileyo lwaseNigeria.
Umbhali, UGqr. Basil Ugorji, nguMongameli kunye ne-CEO yeZiko leHlabathi le-Ethno-Religious Mediation. Wafumana isidanga sePh.D. kuHlahlelo lweNgxwabangxwaba kunye noSombululo oluvela kwiSebe leZifundo zokuSombulula iiNgxwabangxwaba, kwiKholeji yoBugcisa, uBuntu kunye neSayensi yeNtlalo, kwiYunivesithi yaseNova kuMzantsi-mpuma, eFort Lauderdale, eFlorida.
