Ukuhlala Ndawonye ngoXolo nemvisiswano: IiNgcebiso zoKwamkelwa kwiNkomfa

Wamkelekile! Kuyandivuyisa ukuba lapha kunye nawe. Enkosi ngokuzimanya nathi namhlanje. Sinenkqubo ekhuthazayo nenika umdla ezayo.

Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba siqalise, ndingathanda ukwabelana nawe ngeengcinga ezimbalwa. Thina bantu sikholisa ukuzibona sibunjwe yinyama negazi, amathambo kunye nemisipha, i-drape yempahla, i-hank of hair, ibethwa yimeko esingenakukwazi ukuyilawula.

Sicinga ukuba omnye komnye sizizinto nje eziqhelekileyo ebantwini; emva koko kufika uGandhi okanye u-Emerson, uMandela, uEinstein okanye uBuddha kwindawo, kwaye ihlabathi loyika, likholelwa ukuba abanako ukubunjwa ngezinto ezifanayo ukuba mna nawe.

Oku kukungaqondi, kuba eneneni amazwi nezenzo zabo sibathandayo nesibahlonelayo azithethi nto ukuba asiziqondi. Yaye sasingenakuyiqonda intsingiselo yawo ngaphandle kokuba sasisele sikuxhotyiselwe ukubona iinyaniso abazifundisayo size sizenze ezethu.

Singaphezulu kakhulu kunokuba sicinga-Iinkalo zelitye elikhazimlayo elifanayo. Kodwa, oku akusoloko kubonakala ngokukhawuleza.

Imeko...Kulo Meyi udlulileyo, iWall Street Journal yapapasha isiqwenga esibhalelwe nguMcebisi wezoKhuseleko weSizwe wase-US uLt. Gen McMasters. Isivakalisi esinye sasigqamile:

Ifundeka ngolu hlobo: "Ihlabathi asiloluntu lwehlabathi, kodwa libala lezizwe, abadlali abangekho phantsi kukarhulumente kunye namashishini ukuba abandakanyeke kwaye akhuphisane ngenzuzo."

Ngethamsanqa, ngenxa yokuba umntu okwisikhundla solawulo uthi into ethile ayiyenzi ibe yinyani.

Jonga abantu abakujikelezileyo kweli gumbi. Ingaba ubona ntoni? Ndibona amandla, ubuhle, ukomelela, ububele. Ndiyabubona ubuntu.

Ngamnye wethu unebali elasiqala kuhambo olukhokelele ekubeni sibe lapha namhlanje.

Ndingathanda ukwabelana ngeyam nawe. Kwiminyaka engamashumi amathathu eyadlulayo, ndamenywa ukuba ndiye kunceda abantu bomthonyama ababenenkunkuma eyingozi kunye nezixhobo ezindala ezingcolisa umhlaba wabo. Ndathobeka ngethemba. Endleleni egodukayo, ndabona isincamathelisi esibhalwe “Ukuba abalandeli bayakukhokela, iinkokeli ziya kulandela.” Ngoko, ndawenza umsebenzi.

Kwaye emva koko uye wasebenza kwindawo yongquzulwano kunye nokuzinzisa kumazwe abuthathaka kwihlabathi liphela kunye ne-UN, oorhulumente, imikhosi, ii-arhente ezinikezelayo kunye nesuphu yealfabhethi yemibutho yoluntu.

Phantse isiqingatha sesithathu sexesha lam ndalichithela kwiintlanganiso neenkokeli zelizwe elisindleke, abathengisi bezixhobo, oonozakuzaku, abarhwebi, abaphathi bemikhosi exhobileyo, iinkokeli zenkolo, iinkosi zeziyobisi/imfazwe, kunye nabalawuli bemishini.

Sifunde lukhulu omnye komnye, kwaye ndikholelwa ukuba kukho okuhle esikwenzileyo. Kodwa into eshiye uphawu olungacimekiyo kum lixesha endilichithe ngaphandle kwezo holo, kwelinye icala leglasi yefestile.

Apho, yonke imihla abantu, bahlala behlala kwindawo emdaka kunye neyona yingozi kakhulu yendalo ngaphandle korhulumente osebenzayo, ukufikelela kuphela ngamaxesha athile ekutyeni, amanzi acocekileyo okanye i-fuel, ehlala esongelwa, bamisa iivenkile zabo zentengiso, batyala izityalo, banyamekela abantwana. , walusa izilwanyana, waphatha iinkuni.

Phezu kwako nje ukusebenza iiyure ezininzi suku ngalunye kwiimeko ezimaxongo, bafumana iindlela zokusebenzisana ukuze bancede bona, abamelwane babo, yaye okona kuphawulekayo, bancede abantu abangabaziyo.

Ngeendlela ezinkulu nezincinci, zisusa ezona ngxaki zingenakoyiswa ehlabathini. Babelana ngento abayaziyo kunye nento encinci abanayo nabanye, bagxothwa yimfazwe, ngabarhwebi bamandla, yisiphithiphithi sentlalontle kunye nabangaphandle abasuka phesheya bezama, rhoqo ngokungafanelekanga, ukunceda.

Ukunyamezela kwabo, ububele, ubuchule kunye nokubuka iindwendwe akunakuthelekiswa.

Bona kunye ne-diasporas yabo ngabona babaluleke kakhulu kubafundisi-ntsapho. Njengani, bakhanyisa amakhandlela omnye komnye, bagxothe ubumnyama, badibanisa ihlabathi ekukhanyeni.

Le yindalo yoluntu lwehlabathiI-WSJ inokundicaphula kuloo nto.

Ndingathanda ukuvala ngokuchaza uGqr. Ernest Holmes ukususela ngo-1931:

“Fumana ihlabathi ukuba lilungile. Bona yonke indoda okanye umfazi njengomphefumlo ovelayo. Ingqondo yenu mayithotywe kobo bulumko bobuntu obugatyayo ubuxoki obusahlulayo, bube namandla, uxolo, nokuzola okukwaziyo ukusimanyanisa kwimfezeko.”

UDianna Wuagneux, Ph.D., uSihlalo we-ICERM, ethetha kwiNkomfa yeZizwe ngezizwe ye-2017 kwiSisombululo seNgqungquthela yezobuhlanga kunye noLwakhiwo loXolo, kwiSixeko saseNew York, ngo-Oktobha 31, 2017.

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Amanqaku Afana

Iinkonzo e-Igboland: Ukwahluka, Ukufaneleka kunye nokubakho

Unqulo sesinye seziganeko zentlalo nezoqoqosho ezinefuthe elingenakuphikiswa eluntwini naphina ehlabathini. Njengobungcwele njengoko kubonakala ngathi, inkolo ayibalulekanga nje kuphela ekuqondeni ubukho babemi bomthonyama kodwa ikwanayo nomgaqo-nkqubo wokubaluleka kwimeko yobuhlanga kunye nophuhliso. Ubungqina bembali kunye ne-ethnographic kwiibonakaliso ezahlukeneyo kunye namagama okwenziwa kweziganeko zenkolo zininzi. Isizwe sama-Igbo kuMazantsi eNigeria, kumacala omabini oMlambo iNiger, lelinye lawona maqela makhulu enkcubeko yabarhwebi abamnyama eAfrika, anenzondelelo yenkolo engathandabuzekiyo ebandakanya uphuhliso oluzinzileyo kunye nokusebenzisana phakathi kwezizwe ngezizwe ngaphakathi kwemida yemveli. Kodwa imeko yonqulo yaseIgboland ihlala iguquka. Ukuza kuthi ga kowe-1840, eyona nkolo ibalaseleyo yamaIgbo yayiyeyemveli okanye yemveli. Ngaphantsi kwamashumi amabini eminyaka kamva, xa kwaqaliswa umsebenzi wobuvangeli basemazweni abangamaKristu kuloo mmandla, kwabakho umkhosi omtsha owawuza kuthi ekugqibeleni ulungelelanise inkangeleko yonqulo lwaloo mmandla. UbuKristu bakhula baba ncinane kakhulu kulawulo lwamva. Phambi kwekhulu leminyaka yobuKristu e-Igboland, amaSilamsi kunye nezinye iinkolo ezingaphantsi kwe-hegemonic zavela ukuze zikhuphisane neenkolo zemveli zaseIgbo kunye nobuKristu. Eli phepha lilandelela iiyantlukwano zenkolo kunye nokufaneleka kwayo kuphuhliso oluhambelanayo e-Igboland. Itsala idatha yayo kwimisebenzi epapashiweyo, udliwano-ndlebe, kunye nezinto zobugcisa. Iphikisa ukuba njengoko iinkolo ezintsha zivela, indawo yenkolo ye-Igbo iya kuqhubeka nokuhlukahluka kunye / okanye ukulungelelanisa, nokuba kukubandakanya okanye ukuhluka phakathi kweenkolo ezikhoyo kunye nezikhulayo, ukuze kuphile i-Igbo.

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Ukuguqulwa kwiSilamsi kunye nobuzwe bobuhlanga eMalaysia

Eli phepha licandelo leprojekthi yophando enkulu egxile ekunyukeni kobuhlanga baseMalay kunye nobukhulu eMalaysia. Ngelixa ukunyuka kobuzwe bobuzwe baseMalay kungabangelwa yimiba eyahlukeneyo, eli phepha lijolise ngokukodwa kumthetho wokuguqulwa kwamaSilamsi eMalaysia kwaye nokuba uye womeleza na uvakalelo lobunganga baseMalay. IMalaysia lilizwe elinezizwe ngezizwe kunye neenkolo ezininzi elafumana inkululeko yalo ngo-1957 kwiBritane. AmaMalay lelona qela likhulu belisoloko liluthatha unqulo lobuSilamsi njengenxalenye yesazisi sawo esilwahlula kwezinye iintlanga ezazingeniswa kweli lizwe ngexesha lolawulo lobukoloniyali baseBritani. Ngelixa ubuSilamsi buyinkolo esemthethweni, uMgaqo-siseko uvumela ezinye iinkolo ukuba zenziwe ngoxolo ngabantu baseMalaysia abangengoMalay, oko kukuthi amaTshayina namaIndiya. Nangona kunjalo, umthetho wamaSilamsi olawula imitshato yamaSilamsi eMalaysia ugunyazise ukuba abo bangengawo amaSilamsi baguqukele kwiSilamsi ukuba banqwenela ukutshata namaSilamsi. Kweli phepha, ndixela ukuba umthetho wokuguqulwa kwamaSilamsi usetyenziswe njengesixhobo sokuqinisa imvakalelo yobuzwe baseMalaysia eMalaysia. Idatha yokuqala yaqokelelwa ngokusekelwe kudliwano-ndlebe kunye namaSilamsi aseMalay atshate nabangengabo amaMalay. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba uninzi lwabantu ekwadliwan’ indlebe nabo baseMalaysia bajonga ukuguqukela kwiSilamsi njengento eyimfuneko njengoko kufunwa yinkolo yamaSilamsi kunye nomthetho welizwe. Ukongeza, ababoni sizathu sokuba abantu abangengabo amaMalay bangachasa ukuguqukela kwiSilamsi, njengoko betshatile, abantwana baya kuqwalaselwa ngokuzenzekelayo njengeMalay ngokoMgaqo-siseko, ohamba nenqanaba kunye namalungelo. Iimbono zabantu abangengoMalay abaguqukele kubuSilamsi zazisekelwe kudliwano-ndlebe lwesibini oluye lwenziwa ngabanye abaphengululi. Njengoko ukuba ngumSilamsi kunxulunyaniswa nokuba ngumMalay, abantu abaninzi abangengoMalay abaguqukileyo baziva behluthwe imvakalelo yabo yenkolo neyobuhlanga, kwaye baziva becinezelekile ukuba bamkele inkcubeko yohlanga lwaseMalay. Nangona ukutshintsha umthetho woguqulo kunokuba nzima, iingxoxo ezivulekileyo zeenkolo ngeenkolo ezikolweni nakumacandelo karhulumente inokuba linyathelo lokuqala lokujongana nale ngxaki.

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