Umtshato wamaSilamsi namaBhuda eLadakh

Kweneke ntoni? Imvelaphi yezembali kungquzulwano

UNksz. Stanzin Saldon (ngoku onguShifah Agha) libhinqa elingumBhuda elisuka eLeh, eLadakh, isixeko esinabantu abaninzi abangamaBhuda. UMnu. Murtaza Agha yindoda engumSilamsi yaseKargil, eLadakh, isixeko esizaliswe ngamaSilamsi angamaShia.

UShifah noMurtaza badibana ngo-2010 kwinkampu yaseKargil. Baziswa ngubhuti ka Murtaza. Banxibelelana kangangeminyaka, yaye umdla kaShifah kubuSilamsi waqalisa ukukhula. Ngo-2015, uShifah wayekwingozi yemoto. Waqonda ukuba uthandana noMurtaza, waza wamcenga.

Ngo-Aprili 2016, uShifah waguqulelwa ngokusemthethweni kwiSilamsi, waza wathatha igama elithi "Shifah" (litshintshwe kwiBuddhist "Stanzin"). NgoJuni/Julayi ka-2016, bacela umalume kaMurtaza ukuba abenzele umsitho womtshato ngasese. Wenjenjalo, yaye ekugqibeleni intsapho yakuloMurtaza yafumanisa oko. Babengayithandi loo nto, kodwa bathi bakudibana noShifah bamamkela entsatsheni.

Iindaba zomtshato zakhawuleza zasasazeka kusapho lukaShifah lwamaBhuda eLeh, kwaye babenomsindo kakhulu ngalo mtshato, nangenxa yokuba wayetshate nendoda (yeSilamsi) ngaphandle kwemvume yabo. Wabatyelela ngoDisemba 2016, kwaye intlanganiso yaba neemvakalelo nobundlobongela. Intsapho kaShifah yamsa kubefundisi bamaBhuda njengendlela yokuguqula ingqondo yakhe, ibe yayifuna ukuba umtshato upheliswe. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, eminye imitshato yamaSilamsi namaBhuda kulo mmandla iye yarhoxiswa ngenxa yesivumelwano ekudala sikhona phakathi koluntu lokungatshati.

NgoJulayi 2017, esi sibini sagqiba kwelokuba umtshato waso ubhaliswe enkundleni ukuze ungacinywa. UShifah waxelela usapho lwakhe oku ngoSeptemba 2017. Baphendula ngokuya emapoliseni. Ngaphaya koko, iLadakh Buddhist Association (LBA) yakhupha i-ultimatum kwiKargil elawulwa ngamaSilamsi, ibabongoza ukuba babuyisele uShifah eLeh. NgoSeptemba 2017, esi sibini sasinomtshato wamaSilamsi eKargil, kwaye intsapho kaMurtaza yayikhona. Kwakungekho namnye kwintsapho kaShifah owayekho.

I-LBA ngoku iye yagqiba ekubeni idibane noNdunankulu waseIndiya, uNarendra Modi, ukuba acele urhulumente ukuba alungise oko bavakalelwa kukuba yingxaki ekhulayo eLadakh: abafazi baseBuddha baqhathwa ukuba baguqukele kwiSilamsi ngomtshato. Bavakalelwa kukuba urhulumente welizwe laseJammu kunye neKashmir uye waqhubeka engayinanzi le ngxaki, kwaye ngokwenza njalo, urhulumente uzama ukukhupha indawo yamaBhuda.

Amabali omnye komnye – uMntu ngamnye uyiqonda njani iMeko kwaye kutheni

Iqela loku-1: uShifah noMurtaza

Ibali labo - Siyathandana kwaye kufuneka sikhululeke ukutshatana ngaphandle kweengxaki.

Isikhundla: Asiyi kuqhawula umtshato kwaye uShifah akayi kuguqukela kubuBhuda, okanye abuyele eLeh.

Inzala:

Ukhuseleko/Ukhuseleko: Mna (Shifah) ndiziva ndikhuselekile kwaye ndithuthuzelwa lusapho lukaMurtaza. Ndaziva ndisongelwa yintsapho yakowethu xa ndandityelele, yaye ndandisoyika xa wandisa kumfundisi wamaBhuda. Ingxolo yomtshato wethu ibangele ukuba kubenzima ukuphila ubomi bethu ngokuzolileyo, kwaye sihlala sihlukunyezwa ziintatheli kunye noluntu. Kuye kwaqhambuka ugonyamelo phakathi kwamaBhuda namaSilamsi ngenxa yomtshato wethu, yaye kukho ukuziva sisengozini ngokubanzi. Ndidinga ukuva ukuba olu gonyamelo kunye nokuxinezeleka kuphelile.

Physiological: Njengesibini esitshatileyo, sakhe ikhaya kunye kwaye sixhomekeke omnye komnye kwiimfuno zethu zomzimba: izindlu, umvuzo, njl.

Ukuba yinxalenye: Mna (Shifah) ndiziva ndamkelekile kuluntu lwamaSilamsi nayintsapho yakwaMurtaza. Ndiziva ndingafunwa ngabantu abangamaBhuda nayintsapho yakowethu, kuba baye basabela kakubi ngalo mtshato yaye abazange beze emtshatweni wam. Ndidinga ukuziva ngathi ndisathandwa lusapho lwam kunye noluntu lwamaBhuda eLeh.

Ukuzithemba/Intlonipho: Singabantu abadala kwaye sikhululekile ukuzenzela izigqibo. Kufuneka usithembe ukuba sizenzele izigqibo ezifanelekileyo. AmaSilamsi namaBhuda kufuneka akwazi ukuthembela omnye komnye kwaye axhasane. Sifanele sivakalelwe kukuba isigqibo sethu sokutshata siyahlonelwa, yaye uthando lwethu luyahlonelwa. Nam (uShifah) kufuneka ndivakalelwe kukuba isigqibo sam sokuguqukela kubuSilamsi sasicingisiswe kakuhle kwaye yayisisigqibo sam, ingekuko ukuba ndanyanzelwa kuso.

Ukukhula kweShishini/Inzuzo/UkuZenzela wena: Siyathemba ukuba umtshato wethu unokudala ibhulorho phakathi kweentsapho zamaSilamsi kunye namaBhuda, kwaye uncede ukudibanisa izixeko zethu ezimbini.

Iqela lesi-2: Usapho lukaShifah lwamaBhuda

Ibali labo-Umtshato wakho sisinyeliso kwinkolo yethu, izithethe kunye nosapho lwethu. Kufuneka ichithwe.

Isikhundla: Kufuneka nishiye omnye nomnye kwaye uShifah kufuneka abuyele eLeh, abuyele kubuBhuda. Waqhathwa kule nto.

Inzala:

Ukhuseleko/Ukhuseleko: Siziva sisongelwa ngamaSilamsi xa siseKargil, kwaye sinqwenela ukuba amaSilamsi asishiye isixeko sethu (iLeh). Ubundlobongela buqhambuka ngenxa yomtshato wakho, kwaye ukupheliswa kuya kuthomalalisa abantu. Kufuneka sazi ukuba le ngxwabangxwaba iya kusonjululwa.

Physiological: Umsebenzi wethu silusapho lwakho kukubonelela wena (Shifah), kwaye usikhalimele ngokungaceli mvume yethu kulomtshato. Kufuneka sivakalelwe kukuba uyayiqonda indima yethu njengabazali bakho, yaye konke esikunike kona kuyaxatyiswa.

Ukuba yinxalenye: Uluntu lwamaBhuda kufuneka luhlale kunye, kwaye luye lwaqhekeka. Kulihlazo kuthi ukubona abamelwane bethu besazi ukuba ulahlile ukholo kunye noluntu lwethu. Kufuneka sizive ngathi samkelwe ngabantu abangamaBhuda, kwaye sifuna bazi ukuba sikhulise intombi engumBhuda elungileyo.

Ukuzithemba/Intlonipho: Njengentombi yethu, ubumelwe kukucela imvume yethu yokutshata. Siludlulisele kuwe ukholo kunye nezithethe zethu, kodwa wena uyala oko ngokuguqukela kwiSilamsi kwaye usikhuphe kubomi bakho. Awusihloniphi, kwaye kufuneka sizive ukuba uyayiqonda loo nto kwaye uyazisola ngokwenza loo nto.

Ukukhula kweShishini/Inzuzo/UkuZenzela wena: AmaSilamsi esiba namandla ngakumbi kummandla wethu, yaye amaBhuda kufuneka anamathele kunye ngenxa yezizathu zobupolitika nezoqoqosho. Asinakuba namaqela okanye ukuphikisa. Umtshato wakho kunye nokuguqulwa kwenza ingxelo enkulu malunga nendlela amaBhuda aphathwa ngayo kwingingqi yethu. Amanye amabhinqa angamaBhuda aye aqhathwa ukuba atshate namaSilamsi, yaye abafazi bethu bayabiwa. Inkolo yethu iyafa. Kufuneka sazi ukuba oku akusayi kuphinda kwenzeke, kwaye uluntu lwethu lwamaBhuda luya kuhlala lomelele.

IProjekthi yokuLamla: Uphononongo lweCase lokuLamlelwa luphuhliswe ngu Hayley Rose Glaholt, 2017

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Amanqaku Afana

Ukuguqulwa kwiSilamsi kunye nobuzwe bobuhlanga eMalaysia

Eli phepha licandelo leprojekthi yophando enkulu egxile ekunyukeni kobuhlanga baseMalay kunye nobukhulu eMalaysia. Ngelixa ukunyuka kobuzwe bobuzwe baseMalay kungabangelwa yimiba eyahlukeneyo, eli phepha lijolise ngokukodwa kumthetho wokuguqulwa kwamaSilamsi eMalaysia kwaye nokuba uye womeleza na uvakalelo lobunganga baseMalay. IMalaysia lilizwe elinezizwe ngezizwe kunye neenkolo ezininzi elafumana inkululeko yalo ngo-1957 kwiBritane. AmaMalay lelona qela likhulu belisoloko liluthatha unqulo lobuSilamsi njengenxalenye yesazisi sawo esilwahlula kwezinye iintlanga ezazingeniswa kweli lizwe ngexesha lolawulo lobukoloniyali baseBritani. Ngelixa ubuSilamsi buyinkolo esemthethweni, uMgaqo-siseko uvumela ezinye iinkolo ukuba zenziwe ngoxolo ngabantu baseMalaysia abangengoMalay, oko kukuthi amaTshayina namaIndiya. Nangona kunjalo, umthetho wamaSilamsi olawula imitshato yamaSilamsi eMalaysia ugunyazise ukuba abo bangengawo amaSilamsi baguqukele kwiSilamsi ukuba banqwenela ukutshata namaSilamsi. Kweli phepha, ndixela ukuba umthetho wokuguqulwa kwamaSilamsi usetyenziswe njengesixhobo sokuqinisa imvakalelo yobuzwe baseMalaysia eMalaysia. Idatha yokuqala yaqokelelwa ngokusekelwe kudliwano-ndlebe kunye namaSilamsi aseMalay atshate nabangengabo amaMalay. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba uninzi lwabantu ekwadliwan’ indlebe nabo baseMalaysia bajonga ukuguqukela kwiSilamsi njengento eyimfuneko njengoko kufunwa yinkolo yamaSilamsi kunye nomthetho welizwe. Ukongeza, ababoni sizathu sokuba abantu abangengabo amaMalay bangachasa ukuguqukela kwiSilamsi, njengoko betshatile, abantwana baya kuqwalaselwa ngokuzenzekelayo njengeMalay ngokoMgaqo-siseko, ohamba nenqanaba kunye namalungelo. Iimbono zabantu abangengoMalay abaguqukele kubuSilamsi zazisekelwe kudliwano-ndlebe lwesibini oluye lwenziwa ngabanye abaphengululi. Njengoko ukuba ngumSilamsi kunxulunyaniswa nokuba ngumMalay, abantu abaninzi abangengoMalay abaguqukileyo baziva behluthwe imvakalelo yabo yenkolo neyobuhlanga, kwaye baziva becinezelekile ukuba bamkele inkcubeko yohlanga lwaseMalay. Nangona ukutshintsha umthetho woguqulo kunokuba nzima, iingxoxo ezivulekileyo zeenkolo ngeenkolo ezikolweni nakumacandelo karhulumente inokuba linyathelo lokuqala lokujongana nale ngxaki.

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Iinkonzo e-Igboland: Ukwahluka, Ukufaneleka kunye nokubakho

Unqulo sesinye seziganeko zentlalo nezoqoqosho ezinefuthe elingenakuphikiswa eluntwini naphina ehlabathini. Njengobungcwele njengoko kubonakala ngathi, inkolo ayibalulekanga nje kuphela ekuqondeni ubukho babemi bomthonyama kodwa ikwanayo nomgaqo-nkqubo wokubaluleka kwimeko yobuhlanga kunye nophuhliso. Ubungqina bembali kunye ne-ethnographic kwiibonakaliso ezahlukeneyo kunye namagama okwenziwa kweziganeko zenkolo zininzi. Isizwe sama-Igbo kuMazantsi eNigeria, kumacala omabini oMlambo iNiger, lelinye lawona maqela makhulu enkcubeko yabarhwebi abamnyama eAfrika, anenzondelelo yenkolo engathandabuzekiyo ebandakanya uphuhliso oluzinzileyo kunye nokusebenzisana phakathi kwezizwe ngezizwe ngaphakathi kwemida yemveli. Kodwa imeko yonqulo yaseIgboland ihlala iguquka. Ukuza kuthi ga kowe-1840, eyona nkolo ibalaseleyo yamaIgbo yayiyeyemveli okanye yemveli. Ngaphantsi kwamashumi amabini eminyaka kamva, xa kwaqaliswa umsebenzi wobuvangeli basemazweni abangamaKristu kuloo mmandla, kwabakho umkhosi omtsha owawuza kuthi ekugqibeleni ulungelelanise inkangeleko yonqulo lwaloo mmandla. UbuKristu bakhula baba ncinane kakhulu kulawulo lwamva. Phambi kwekhulu leminyaka yobuKristu e-Igboland, amaSilamsi kunye nezinye iinkolo ezingaphantsi kwe-hegemonic zavela ukuze zikhuphisane neenkolo zemveli zaseIgbo kunye nobuKristu. Eli phepha lilandelela iiyantlukwano zenkolo kunye nokufaneleka kwayo kuphuhliso oluhambelanayo e-Igboland. Itsala idatha yayo kwimisebenzi epapashiweyo, udliwano-ndlebe, kunye nezinto zobugcisa. Iphikisa ukuba njengoko iinkolo ezintsha zivela, indawo yenkolo ye-Igbo iya kuqhubeka nokuhlukahluka kunye / okanye ukulungelelanisa, nokuba kukubandakanya okanye ukuhluka phakathi kweenkolo ezikhoyo kunye nezikhulayo, ukuze kuphile i-Igbo.

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