UMlimi woXolo: Ukwakha iNkcubeko yoXolo

Arun Gandhi

UMlimi woXolo: Ukwakha iNkcubeko yoXolo noMzukulwana kaMahatma Gandhi kwi-ICERM Radio yasasazwa nge-26 kaMatshi ngo-2016.

Arun Gandhi

Kule ngqungquthela, umzukulu ka-Mahatma Gandhi, u-Arun Gandhi, wabelane ngombono wakhe woxolo lwehlabathi, umbono osekelwe kwi-activism yokungabikho kobudlova kunye nokuguqulwa komchasi ngothando.

Mamela inkqubo yengxoxo kanomathotholo ye-ICERM, “Masithethe Ngayo,” kwaye wonwabele udliwanondlebe olukhuthazayo kunye nencoko etshintsha ubomi kunye no-Arun Gandhi, umzukulwana wesihlanu wenkokeli yaseIndiya, uMohandas K. “Mahatma” Gandhi.

Ekhulele phantsi kwemithetho yocalucalulo yocalucalulo yaseMzantsi Afrika, u-Arun wayebethwa ngabemi boMzantsi Afrika “abamhlophe” ngenxa yokuba mnyama kakhulu kunye nabemi boMzantsi Afrika “abamnyama” ngenxa yokuba mhlophe kakhulu; ngoko, wafuna iliso-nge-iliso ubulungisa.

Noko ke, wafunda kubazali bakhe nakuyisemkhulu ukuba okusesikweni akuthethi ukuziphindezela; kuthetha ukuguqula umchasi ngothando kunye nokubandezeleka.

Utatomkhulu ka-Arun, uMahatma Gandhi, wamfundisa ukuqonda ukungabi nabundlobongela ngokuqonda ubundlobongela. “Ukuba siyazi ukuba bungakanani ubundlobongela esibenzayo omnye komnye siya kuqonda ukuba kutheni kukho ubundlobongela obusemzimbeni obuthwaxa uluntu kunye nehlabathi,” utshilo uGandhi. Ngezifundo zemihla ngemihla, u-Arun uthe, wafunda ngobundlobongela kunye nomsindo.

U-Arun wabelana ngezi zifundo kwihlabathi liphela, kwaye usisithethi esinombono kwiintlanganiso ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu kuquka iZizwe eziManyeneyo, amaziko emfundo, kunye neendibano zoluntu.

Ukongeza kumava akhe angama-30 njengentatheli yeThe Times yaseIndiya, uArun ungumbhali weencwadi ezininzi. Eyokuqala, ethi, A Patch of White (1949), imalunga nobomi boMzantsi Afrika onekhethe; emva koko, wabhala iincwadi ezimbini zobuhlwempu nezopolitiko eIndiya; kulandelwa yingqokelela ye-MK Gandhi's Wit & Wisdom.

Uphinde wahlela incwadi yezincoko kwiHlabathi ngaphandle koBundlobongela: Ngaba umbono kaGandhi unokuba yinyani? Kwaye, kutsha nje, wabhala uMfazi oLibeleyo: Ibali elingachazwanga likaKastur, uMfazi kaMahatma Gandhi, edibene nomfazi wakhe ongasekhoyo uSunanda.

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Amanqaku Afana

Iinkonzo e-Igboland: Ukwahluka, Ukufaneleka kunye nokubakho

Unqulo sesinye seziganeko zentlalo nezoqoqosho ezinefuthe elingenakuphikiswa eluntwini naphina ehlabathini. Njengobungcwele njengoko kubonakala ngathi, inkolo ayibalulekanga nje kuphela ekuqondeni ubukho babemi bomthonyama kodwa ikwanayo nomgaqo-nkqubo wokubaluleka kwimeko yobuhlanga kunye nophuhliso. Ubungqina bembali kunye ne-ethnographic kwiibonakaliso ezahlukeneyo kunye namagama okwenziwa kweziganeko zenkolo zininzi. Isizwe sama-Igbo kuMazantsi eNigeria, kumacala omabini oMlambo iNiger, lelinye lawona maqela makhulu enkcubeko yabarhwebi abamnyama eAfrika, anenzondelelo yenkolo engathandabuzekiyo ebandakanya uphuhliso oluzinzileyo kunye nokusebenzisana phakathi kwezizwe ngezizwe ngaphakathi kwemida yemveli. Kodwa imeko yonqulo yaseIgboland ihlala iguquka. Ukuza kuthi ga kowe-1840, eyona nkolo ibalaseleyo yamaIgbo yayiyeyemveli okanye yemveli. Ngaphantsi kwamashumi amabini eminyaka kamva, xa kwaqaliswa umsebenzi wobuvangeli basemazweni abangamaKristu kuloo mmandla, kwabakho umkhosi omtsha owawuza kuthi ekugqibeleni ulungelelanise inkangeleko yonqulo lwaloo mmandla. UbuKristu bakhula baba ncinane kakhulu kulawulo lwamva. Phambi kwekhulu leminyaka yobuKristu e-Igboland, amaSilamsi kunye nezinye iinkolo ezingaphantsi kwe-hegemonic zavela ukuze zikhuphisane neenkolo zemveli zaseIgbo kunye nobuKristu. Eli phepha lilandelela iiyantlukwano zenkolo kunye nokufaneleka kwayo kuphuhliso oluhambelanayo e-Igboland. Itsala idatha yayo kwimisebenzi epapashiweyo, udliwano-ndlebe, kunye nezinto zobugcisa. Iphikisa ukuba njengoko iinkolo ezintsha zivela, indawo yenkolo ye-Igbo iya kuqhubeka nokuhlukahluka kunye / okanye ukulungelelanisa, nokuba kukubandakanya okanye ukuhluka phakathi kweenkolo ezikhoyo kunye nezikhulayo, ukuze kuphile i-Igbo.

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