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Ukholo luka-Abraham kunye ne-Universalism: Abadlali abaSekwe kuKholo kwihlabathi elintsonkothileyo

UThomas Walsh Novemba 2, 2016

Ukholo luka-Abraham

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Intetho kaGqr. Thomas Walsh
Intetho kaGqr. Thomas Walsh

Intetho enguNdoqo kwiNkomfa yoNyaka ye-2016 yeZizwe ngezizwe malunga noSombululo lwengxabano yobuhlanga kunye nenkolo kunye nokwakha uxolo.
Umxholo: “UThixo omnye kwiiNkolo eziNtathu: Ukuphonononga imilinganiselo ekwabelwana ngayo kwizithethe zonqulo luka-Abraham—ubuYuda, ubuKristu nobuSilamsi” 

intshayelelo

Ndifuna ukubulela i-ICERM kunye noMongameli wayo, u-Basil Ugorji, ngokundimemela kule ngqungquthela ebalulekileyo kwaye ndinike ithuba lokwabelana ngamazwi ambalwa kwesi sihloko esibalulekileyo, "UThixo Omnye kwiiNkolo eziNtathu: Ukuhlolisisa imilinganiselo ekwabelwana ngayo kwizithethe zika-Abraham zeNkolo. ”

Isihloko senkcazo-ntetho yam namhlanje sithi "IiNkolo zika-Abraham kunye ne-Universalism: Abadlali abaSekwe kuKholweni kwihlabathi elintsonkothileyo."

Ndifuna ukugxila kumanqaku amathathu, kangangoko ixesha livuma: okokuqala, indawo eqhelekileyo okanye i-universalism kunye nemilinganiselo ekwabelwana ngayo phakathi kwezithethe ezintathu; okwesibini, “icala elimnyama” lonqulo nezi zithethe zintathu; okwesithathu, ezinye zezona ndlela zokuziphatha zingcono ekufuneka zikhuthazwe kwaye zandiswe.

Indawo eqhelekileyo: Iinqobo ezisemgangathweni jikelele ekwabelwana ngazo ziSiko leNkolo ka-Abraham

Ngeendlela ezininzi ibali lezithethe ezithathu liyinxalenye yengxelo enye. Ngamanye amaxesha sibiza ubuYuda, ubuKristu kunye nobuSilamsi "izithethe zika-Abraham" kuba iimbali zabo zinokulandelelwa emva kuAbraham, uyise (kunye noHagare) kaIshmayeli, ophuma kumnombo wakhe uMahammad, noyise kaIsake (kunye noSara) kumnombo wakhe, ngoYakobi. , uYesu uyavela.

Ibali ngeendlela ezininzi libali losapho, kunye nobudlelwane phakathi kwamalungu osapho.

Ngokubhekiselele kwimilinganiselo ekwabelwana ngayo, sibona izinto eziqhelekileyo kwiinkalo ze-theology okanye imfundiso, ukuziphatha, iitekisi ezingcwele kunye nezenzo zesithethe. Kakade ke, kukwakho umahluko ophawulekayo.

ITheology okanye iMfundiso: imonotheism, uThixo wokubonelela (obandakanyekayo kwaye osebenzayo kwimbali), isiprofeto, indalo, ukuwa, umesiya, i-soteriology, ukukholelwa kubomi emva kokufa, isigwebo sokugqibela. Kakade ke, kuzo zonke iindawo esivumelana ngazo kukho iingxabano neeyantlukwano.

Kukho iindawo ezimbini-macala eendawo ezifanayo, ezifana nentlonipho ephezulu amaSilamsi namaKrestu anayo ngoYesu noMariya. Okanye ubukho bothixo omnye obunamandla obubonakalisa ubuYuda nobuSilamsi, ngokwahlukileyo kwimfundiso yobuKristu kaBathathu Emnye.

Zokuziphatha: Zontathu izithethe zizinikele kwimilinganiselo yobulungisa, ukulingana, inceba, ubomi obulungileyo, umtshato kunye nosapho, ukunyamekela abahlwempuzekileyo nabahlelelekileyo, inkonzo kwabanye, ukuzimela, ukufaka isandla kwisakhiwo okanye kuluntu oluhle, uMthetho weGolide, ubugosa bendalo esingqongileyo.

Ukuqondwa kwesiseko sokuziphatha esivumelanayo phakathi kwezithethe ezithathu zika-Abraham kuye kwakhokelela kwikhwelo lokuyilwa “kwemigaqo yokuziphatha yehlabathi.” UHans Kung uye waba ngumthetheleli ophambili walo mzamo kwaye wabalaseliswa kwiPalamente ye-1993 yeeNqulo zeHlabathi nakwezinye iindawo.

Imibhalo Engcwele: Amabali angoAdam, uEva, uKayin, uAbheli, uNowa, uAbraham, uMoses ababalaseleyo kuzo zontathu ezi zithethe. Imibhalo esisiseko yesithethe ngasinye igqalwa njengengcwele yaye mhlawumbi ityhilwe ngokobuthixo okanye iphefumlelwe.

Isithethe: AmaYuda, amaKrestu kunye namaSilamsi akhuthaza umthandazo, ukufunda izibhalo, ukuzila ukudla, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwizikhumbuzo zeentsuku ezingcwele kwikhalenda, imibhiyozo enxulumene nokuzalwa, ukufa, umtshato, kunye nokuza kobudala, ukubekela bucala usuku oluthile lokuthandaza nokuhlanganisana, iindawo. yomthandazo kunye nonqulo (icawa, indlu yesikhungu, i-mosque)

Iinqobo ezisemgangathweni ekwabelwana ngazo, nangona kunjalo, azilichazi lonke ibali lezi zithethe zintathu, kuba eneneni kukho iiyantlukwano ezinkulu kuzo zontathu iindidi ezikhankanyiweyo; Izakwalizwi, iinqobo zokuziphatha, iitekisi kunye nezithethe. Phakathi kwezona zibalulekileyo zezi:

  1. UYesu: izithethe ezithathu zahluka kakhulu ngokwembono yokubaluleka, iwonga, kunye nendalo kaYesu.
  2. Mohammed: izithethe ezithathu zahluka kakhulu ngokwembono yokubaluleka kuka-Mohammed.
  3. Imibhalo Engcwele: izithethe ezithathu zahluka kakhulu ngokwezimvo zabo kwimibhalo engcwele nganye. Enyanisweni, kukho iindinyana ezithile eziphazamisayo ezifumanekayo kwindinyana nganye yezi zingcwele.
  4. IYerusalem ‘Nelizwe Elingcwele’: ummandla weNtaba yeThempeli okanye i-Western Wall, i-Al Aqsa Mosque kunye neDome yeDwala, kufuphi neendawo ezingcwele zobuKristu, kukho ukungafani okunzulu.

Ukongeza kwezi zintlukwano zibalulekileyo, kufuneka songeze enye ingqimba yobunzima. Ngaphandle koqhanqalazo oluchasene noko, kukho iyantlukwano enzulu yangaphakathi kunye nokungavisisani phakathi kwezi zithethe zikhulu. Ukukhankanya iiyantlukwano phakathi kobuYuda (iOthodoki, iConservative, iReform, iReconstructionist), ubuKristu (ubuKatolika, ubuOthodoki, ubuProtestanti), nobuSilamsi (amaSunni, amaShia, amaSufi) akrwempa kuphela umphezulu.

Ngamanye amaxesha, kulula ukuba amanye amaKristu afumane into efanayo namaSilamsi kunamanye amaKristu. Kunokuthethwa okufanayo kwisithethe ngasinye. Ndifunde kutshanje (uJerry Brotton, uElizabethan eNgilani kunye neLizwe lamaSilamsi) ukuba ngexesha likaElizabethan eNgilani (16th kwinkulungwane), bekukho iinzame zokwakha ubudlelwane obuluqilima kunye namaTurkey, njengoko kukhethwe ngokukhethekileyo kumaKatolika anezothe kwilizwekazi. Yiyo loo nto imidlalo emininzi ibibonisa “amaMoors” asuka kuMntla Afrika, ePersi, eTurkey. Ubutshaba obabuphakathi kwamaKatolika namaProtestanti ngelo xesha, benza ukuba ubuSilamsi baba lihlakani elamkelekileyo.

Icala Elimnyama Lonqulo

Sele kuqhelekile ukuthetha “ngecala elimnyama” lonqulo. Ngoxa, kwelinye icala, unqulo lunezandla ezimdaka xa kufikelelwa kungquzulwano oluninzi esilufumana ehlabathini lonke, akukho ngqiqweni ukunxulumanisa kakhulu indima yonqulo.

Inkolo, emva kwayo yonke into, ngokombono wam, ilungile kakhulu kwigalelo layo kuphuhliso lwabantu kunye nentlalontle. Kwanabangakholelwayo kubukho bukaThixo nabaxhasa iingcamango zezinto eziphathekayo zendaleko yabantu bayayivuma indima entle yonqulo ekuphuhliseni abantu, ukusinda.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho izifo ezihlala zinxulunyaniswa nonqulo, kanye njengoko sifumana izifo ezinxulumene namanye amacandelo oluntu, njengorhulumente, ishishini, kunye nawo onke amacandelo. I-Pathologies, ngokombono wam, ayingobizo oluthile, kodwa izoyikiso zendalo yonke.

Nazi ezinye ze-pathologies ezibaluleke kakhulu:

  1. Ukwandiswa ngokwenkolo kwe-ethnocentrism.
  2. I-impiriyali yonqulo okanye uloyiso
  3. Ukuzingca kweHermeneutic
  4. Ukucinezelwa "komnye", "ukungaqinisekisi omnye."
  5. Ukungazi kakuhle isithethe somntu kunye nezinye izithethe (Islamophobia, "Protocols of the Olds of Zion", njl.
  6. "Ukunqunyanyiswa kweTeleological yeenqobo zokuziphatha"
  7. "Ungquzulwano lwempucuko" a la Huntington

Yintoni efunekayo?

Kukho uphuhliso oluninzi oluhle kakhulu oluqhubekayo kwihlabathi jikelele.

Intlangano yokumanyanisa iicawa iye yaqhubeka ikhula yaye isanda. Ukusukela ngo-1893 eChicago kuye kwakho ukukhula okuthe gqolo kwengxoxo yeenkolo.

Imibutho efana nePalamente, iReligious for Peace, neUPF, kwakunye namanyathelo eenkonzo noorhulumente okuxhasa ukuhlanganisana kweemvaba ngeemvaba, ngokomzekelo, iKAICIID, iAmman Interfaith Message, umsebenzi weWCC, iPCID yaseVatican, kunye nombutho wonqulo. IZizwe eziManyeneyo i-UNAOC, iVeki ye-World Interfaith Harmony, kunye ne-Inter-Agency Task Force kwi-FBOs kunye nee-SDGs; I-ICRD (Johnston), i-Cordoba Initiative (i-Faisal Adbul Rauf), i-workshop ye-CFR "kwiNkolo kunye noMgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle". Kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo i-ICERM kunye neQela le-InterChurch, njl.

Ndifuna ukukhankanya umsebenzi kaJonathan Haidt, nencwadi yakhe ethi “The Righteous Mind.” I-Haidt yalatha kumaxabiso athile angundoqo athi wonke umntu abelane ngawo:

Ukwenzakala/ukukhathalelwa

Ubulungisa / ukuhambelana

Ukunyaniseka kweqela

Igunya/intlonipho

Ubunyulu/ubungcwele

Sithungelwe ukwenza izizwe, njengamaqela entsebenziswano. Sithungelwe ukuba simanyane sijikeleze amaqela kwaye sahlukane okanye sahlule kwamanye amaqela.

Ngaba sinokuyifumana ibhalansi?

Siphila kwixesha apho sijongene nezisongelo ezinkulu ezivela kutshintsho lwemozulu, ukutshatyalaliswa kweegridi zamandla, kunye nokunciphisa amaziko emali, kwizisongelo ezivela kwi-maniac ngokufikelela kwizixhobo zekhemikhali, zebhayoloji okanye zenyukliya.

Ekuvaleni, ndifuna ukukhankanya "iindlela ezilungileyo" ezimbini ezifanele ukulinganisa: Umyalezo we-Amman Intefaith, kunye neNostra Aetate eyathi yanikezelwa ngo-Okthobha wama-28, 1965, "Ngexesha Lethu" nguPaul VI "njengesibhengezo secawe e-Ethi. inxulumene neenkonzo ezingezizo ezobuKristu.”

Ngokuphathelele ubudlelwane bamaKristu namaSilamsi: “Ekubeni ebudeni beenkulungwane kuye kwakho iingxabano nobutshaba obumbalwa phakathi kwamaKristu namaSilamsi, le sinodi ingcwele ibongoza bonke abantu ukuba balibale ngezinto ezidluleyo baze basebenzele ngokunyanisekileyo ukuqondana nokulondoloza kwanokukhuthazana. ukuze kungenelwe lonke uluntu okusesikweni kwezentlalo nentlalo-ntle yokuziphatha, kunye noxolo nenkululeko…” “ingxoxo yobuzalwana”

"I-RCC ayifuni nantoni na eyinyani kwaye ingcwele kwezi nkonzo" .... "ihlala ibonisa imitha yenyaniso ekhanyisela bonke abantu." Kwakhona i-PCID, kunye noSuku lweHlabathi loMthandazo lwase-Assisi ngo-1986.

URabi uDavid Rosen ukubiza ngokuba “kukubuk’ iindwendwe kwezakwalizwi” okunokuguqula “ulwalamano oluyityhefu enzulu.”

I-Amman Interfaith Message icaphula iKurani eNgcwele 49:13. “Bantu, Sanidala nonke ukusuka kwindoda enye nakumfazi omnye, sanenza ngokwezizwe nezizwe ukuze nazane. Emehlweni kaThixo, abona babekekileyo kuni ngabo bamkhumbulayo Yena: U-Tixo Wazi konke yaye Uyakwazi konke.”

La Convivencia eSpain kunye ne-11th Kunye ne12th iinkulungwane "Golden Age" yokunyamezelana eCorodoba, WIHW kwi-UN.

Ukuziqhelanisa neempawu zobuthixo: ukuzeyisa, ukuthobeka, uthando, uxolelo, uthando.

Intlonipho yomoya "womxube".

Zibandakanye "kwizakwalizwi yenkolo" ukwenza incoko malunga nendlela ukholo lwakho olujonga ngayo ezinye iinkolo: amabango abo enyani, amabango abo osindiso, njl.

Hermenutic ukuthobeka re izicatshulwa.

isihlomelo

Ibali ledini lika-Abraham lonyana wakhe kwiNtaba yeMoriya (Genesis 22) lidlala indima engundoqo kwisithethe ngasinye senkolo ka-Abraham. Libali eliqhelekileyo, ukanti elibaliswa ngokwahlukileyo ngamaSilamsi kunamaJuda namaKrestu.

Idini labamsulwa liyakhathaza. Ngaba uThixo wayemvavanya uAbraham? Ngaba yayiluvavanyo oluhle? Ngaba uThixo wayezama ukuphelisa umbingelelo wegazi? Ngaba yayingumanduleli wokufa kukaYesu emnqamlezweni, okanye akazange uYesu afe emnqamlezweni emva koko.

Ngaba uThixo wamvusa uIsake kwabafileyo, kanye njengokuba wayeya kuvusa uYesu?

Ngaba yayinguIsake okanye uIshmayeli? (Surah 37)

U-Kierkegaard wathetha "ngokunqunyanyiswa kweendlela zokuziphatha." Ngaba “izibongozo zobuthixo” zifanele zithotyelwe?

UBenjamin Nelson wabhala incwadi ebalulekileyo ngo-1950, kwiminyaka eyadlulayo enesihloko esithi, Umbono wokuSebenzisa: Ukusuka kubuzalwana besizwe ukuya kwi-Universal Otherhood. Uphononongo luqwalasela imigaqo yokufuna inzala ekuhlawulweni kweemali-mboleko, into eyalelweyo kwiDuteronomi phakathi kwamalungu esizwe, kodwa evunyelwe kubudlelwane nabanye, isalelo esaqhutyelwa phambili kwimbali yobuKristu yamandulo neyamaxesha aphakathi, de kwafika uHlaziyo xa ukuvalwa komsebenzi kwapheliswa, ngokutsho kukaNelson kwingcamango yendalo yonke, ethi ekuhambeni kwexesha abantu banxibelelana “njengabanye” ehlabathini lonke.

UKarl Polanyi, kwiThe Great Transformation, wathetha ngenguqu ephawulekayo esuka kuluntu lwemveli ukuya kuluntu olulawulwa luqoqosho lwemarike.

Ukusukela oko kwathi kwavela “ixesha langoku” uninzi lweengcali ngentlalontle ziye zafuna ukuqonda inguqu ukusuka kwisithethe ukuya kuluntu lwangoku, koko uTonnies wayibiza ngokuba yinguquko. Ekuhlaleni ukuba GesellschaftUluntu kunye noMbutho), okanye i-Maine ichazwe njengemibutho yesimo sokutshintsha ukuya kuluntu lwekhontrakthi (Umthetho wamandulo).

Iinkolo zika-Abraham nganye zinemvelaphi yazo. Ngamnye kuye kwafuneka afumane indlela yakhe, ngokuthetha, kuthethathethwano ngobudlelwane balo nemeko yala maxesha, ixesha eliphawulwa kulawulo lwenkqubo yesizwe yelizwe kunye noqoqosho lwentengiso kunye, ukusa kumlinganiselo othile woqoqosho lwentengiso olulawulwayo kunye nokunyuka okanye iimbono zehlabathi ezithengisa izinto zabucala. unqulo.

Ngamnye kuye kwafuneka asebenze ukuze alungelelanise okanye athintele amandla ayo amnyama. KubuKristu nobuSilamsi kusenokubakho umkhwa woloyiso okanye i-impiriyalizim, kwelinye icala, okanye iindlela ezahlukeneyo zobufundamentali okanye iimbono ezibaxiweyo, kwelinye icala.

Ngelixa isithethe ngasinye sifuna ukudala ummandla womanyano kunye noluntu phakathi kwabalandeli, esi sigunyaziso sinokungena lula ekuzikhetheleni kwabo bangengomalungu kunye/okanye abangaguqukiyo okanye bamkele imbono yehlabathi.

ZAHLUKANA NTONI EZI NKHOLO: UMHLABA OQHELEKILEYO

  1. I-Theism, ngokwenene i-monotheism.
  2. Imfundiso yokuwa, kunye neTheodicy
  3. Ithiyori yeNtlalo, iNtlawulelo
  4. Isibhalo esingcwele
  5. I-Horeneutics
  6. Ingcambu yembali eqhelekileyo, uAdam noEva, uKayin Abheli, uNowa, abaProfeti, uMoses, uYesu
  7. UThixo Obandakanyeke Embalini, IBHAYIBHILE
  8. Ubume beJografi beNdawo
  9. Umlibo wokuzalwa: uIsake, uIshmayeli, noYesu bayinzala ka-Abraham
  10. Zokuziphatha

AMANDLA

  1. ukulunga
  2. Ukuzibamba kunye nokuziphatha
  3. Intsapho Eyomeleleyo
  4. Ukuthobeka
  5. Umthetho wegolide
  6. Ubuphathi
  7. Intlonipho Kubantu Bonke
  8. Lungisa
  9. inyaniso
  10. uthando

ICALA ELIMNYAMA

  1. Iimfazwe zeNkolo, ngaphakathi naphakathi
  2. Ulawulo loRhwaphilizo
  3. Ikratshi
  4. Uloyiso
  5. I-ethno-centrism enolwazi ngokwenkolo
  6. "Imfazwe Engcwele" okanye i-crusade okanye i-Jihad theology
  7. Ukucinezelwa "komnye ongaqinisekanga"
  8. Ukujongelwa phantsi okanye ukohlwaywa kwabambalwa
  9. Ukungazi kakuhle enye: Abadala baseZiyon, i-Islamophobia, njl.
  10. Ubudlova
  11. Ukukhula kwe-ethno-religious-nationalism
  12. "IiMetanarratives"
  13. Ukungenakulinganiswa
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iindidi: Iintlanganiso zokuPhucula
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UThomas Walsh

Amanqaku Afana

Igboland

Iinkonzo e-Igboland: Ukwahluka, Ukufaneleka kunye nokubakho

Unqulo sesinye seziganeko zentlalo nezoqoqosho ezinefuthe elingenakuphikiswa eluntwini naphina ehlabathini. Njengobungcwele njengoko kubonakala ngathi, inkolo ayibalulekanga nje kuphela ekuqondeni ubukho babemi bomthonyama kodwa ikwanayo nomgaqo-nkqubo wokubaluleka kwimeko yobuhlanga kunye nophuhliso. Ubungqina bembali kunye ne-ethnographic kwiibonakaliso ezahlukeneyo kunye namagama okwenziwa kweziganeko zenkolo zininzi. Isizwe sama-Igbo kuMazantsi eNigeria, kumacala omabini oMlambo iNiger, lelinye lawona maqela makhulu enkcubeko yabarhwebi abamnyama eAfrika, anenzondelelo yenkolo engathandabuzekiyo ebandakanya uphuhliso oluzinzileyo kunye nokusebenzisana phakathi kwezizwe ngezizwe ngaphakathi kwemida yemveli. Kodwa imeko yonqulo yaseIgboland ihlala iguquka. Ukuza kuthi ga kowe-1840, eyona nkolo ibalaseleyo yamaIgbo yayiyeyemveli okanye yemveli. Ngaphantsi kwamashumi amabini eminyaka kamva, xa kwaqaliswa umsebenzi wobuvangeli basemazweni abangamaKristu kuloo mmandla, kwabakho umkhosi omtsha owawuza kuthi ekugqibeleni ulungelelanise inkangeleko yonqulo lwaloo mmandla. UbuKristu bakhula baba ncinane kakhulu kulawulo lwamva. Phambi kwekhulu leminyaka yobuKristu e-Igboland, amaSilamsi kunye nezinye iinkolo ezingaphantsi kwe-hegemonic zavela ukuze zikhuphisane neenkolo zemveli zaseIgbo kunye nobuKristu. Eli phepha lilandelela iiyantlukwano zenkolo kunye nokufaneleka kwayo kuphuhliso oluhambelanayo e-Igboland. Itsala idatha yayo kwimisebenzi epapashiweyo, udliwano-ndlebe, kunye nezinto zobugcisa. Iphikisa ukuba njengoko iinkolo ezintsha zivela, indawo yenkolo ye-Igbo iya kuqhubeka nokuhlukahluka kunye / okanye ukulungelelanisa, nokuba kukubandakanya okanye ukuhluka phakathi kweenkolo ezikhoyo kunye nezikhulayo, ukuze kuphile i-Igbo.

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Egodi Uchendu Novemba 17, 2023
Ukuguquka

Ukuguqulwa kwiSilamsi kunye nobuzwe bobuhlanga eMalaysia

Eli phepha licandelo leprojekthi yophando enkulu egxile ekunyukeni kobuhlanga baseMalay kunye nobukhulu eMalaysia. Ngelixa ukunyuka kobuzwe bobuzwe baseMalay kungabangelwa yimiba eyahlukeneyo, eli phepha lijolise ngokukodwa kumthetho wokuguqulwa kwamaSilamsi eMalaysia kwaye nokuba uye womeleza na uvakalelo lobunganga baseMalay. IMalaysia lilizwe elinezizwe ngezizwe kunye neenkolo ezininzi elafumana inkululeko yalo ngo-1957 kwiBritane. AmaMalay lelona qela likhulu belisoloko liluthatha unqulo lobuSilamsi njengenxalenye yesazisi sawo esilwahlula kwezinye iintlanga ezazingeniswa kweli lizwe ngexesha lolawulo lobukoloniyali baseBritani. Ngelixa ubuSilamsi buyinkolo esemthethweni, uMgaqo-siseko uvumela ezinye iinkolo ukuba zenziwe ngoxolo ngabantu baseMalaysia abangengoMalay, oko kukuthi amaTshayina namaIndiya. Nangona kunjalo, umthetho wamaSilamsi olawula imitshato yamaSilamsi eMalaysia ugunyazise ukuba abo bangengawo amaSilamsi baguqukele kwiSilamsi ukuba banqwenela ukutshata namaSilamsi. Kweli phepha, ndixela ukuba umthetho wokuguqulwa kwamaSilamsi usetyenziswe njengesixhobo sokuqinisa imvakalelo yobuzwe baseMalaysia eMalaysia. Idatha yokuqala yaqokelelwa ngokusekelwe kudliwano-ndlebe kunye namaSilamsi aseMalay atshate nabangengabo amaMalay. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba uninzi lwabantu ekwadliwan’ indlebe nabo baseMalaysia bajonga ukuguqukela kwiSilamsi njengento eyimfuneko njengoko kufunwa yinkolo yamaSilamsi kunye nomthetho welizwe. Ukongeza, ababoni sizathu sokuba abantu abangengabo amaMalay bangachasa ukuguqukela kwiSilamsi, njengoko betshatile, abantwana baya kuqwalaselwa ngokuzenzekelayo njengeMalay ngokoMgaqo-siseko, ohamba nenqanaba kunye namalungelo. Iimbono zabantu abangengoMalay abaguqukele kubuSilamsi zazisekelwe kudliwano-ndlebe lwesibini oluye lwenziwa ngabanye abaphengululi. Njengoko ukuba ngumSilamsi kunxulunyaniswa nokuba ngumMalay, abantu abaninzi abangengoMalay abaguqukileyo baziva behluthwe imvakalelo yabo yenkolo neyobuhlanga, kwaye baziva becinezelekile ukuba bamkele inkcubeko yohlanga lwaseMalay. Nangona ukutshintsha umthetho woguqulo kunokuba nzima, iingxoxo ezivulekileyo zeenkolo ngeenkolo ezikolweni nakumacandelo karhulumente inokuba linyathelo lokuqala lokujongana nale ngxaki.

isabelo
Nur Daut Novemba 18, 2023

ingxelo

Ukuhlukunyezwa okanye indlela yokuxhaphaza
Inomxholo okhulileyo okanye ontununtunu
Inolwazi olulahlekisayo okanye olungeyonyani
Inomxholo wokuhlukumeza okanye wokuhlazisa
Iqulethe ugaxekile, umxholo ongeyonyani okanye i-malware enokubakho

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