Ukuvalwa kokuhamba kukaTrump: Indima yeNkundla ePhakamileyo ekwenziweni koMgaqo-nkqubo woLuntu
Kweneke ntoni? Imvelaphi yezembali kungquzulwano
Unyulo lukaDonald J. ngexilongo ngoNovemba 8, 2016 kunye neyakhe ukuvulwa njenge45 umongameli yaseUnited States ngoJanuwari 20, 2017 ibe sisiqalo sexesha elitsha kwimbali yaseUnited States. Nangona ulonwabo olwaluphakathi kwabalandeli bakaTrump yayiluvuyo, kuninzi lwabemi baseMelika abangamvotelanga kwanabo bangengobemi bangaphakathi nangaphandle kweMelika, uloyiso lukaTrump lwezisa usizi noloyiko. Abantu abaninzi babedakumbile kwaye besoyika hayi kuba uTrump engenakuba ngumongameli wase-US - emva kwayo yonke loo nto ungummi wase-US ngokuzalwa kunye nokuma okuhle kwezoqoqosho. Nangona kunjalo, abantu babelusizi kwaye besoyika kuba bekholelwa ukuba ubongameli bukaTrump bubandakanya utshintsho olukhulu kumgaqo-nkqubo woluntu wase-US njengoko kwakufanekiselwa yithoni yentetho yakhe ngexesha lamaphulo kunye neqonga awayeqhubela kulo iphulo lakhe lobumongameli.
Ebalaseleyo phakathi kweenguqu ezilindelekileyo zomgaqo-nkqubo othe iphulo likaTrump lithenjisiwe nguMongameli we-27 kaJanuwari 2017 umyalelo wesigqeba oye wavala iintsuku ezingama-90 ukungena kwabafuduki kunye nabangengabo abavela kumazwe asixhenxe amaninzi angamaSilamsi: i-Iran, i-Iraq, iLibya, iSomalia, iSudan, iSiriya. , kunye neYemen, kuquka nokuvalwa kweentsuku ezili-120 kweembacu. Ejongene noqhanqalazo olukhulayo kunye nezigxeko, kunye nezimangalo ezininzi ezichasene nalo myalelo wesigqeba kunye nomyalelo wokuthintela kwilizwe lonke ovela kwiNkundla yeSithili yeSithili, uMongameli uTrump ukhuphe inguqulelo ehlaziyiweyo yomyalelo wesigqeba ngoMatshi 6, 2017. Umyalelo wolawulo ohlaziyiweyo ukhulula i-Iraq Isiseko sobudlelwane bezozakuzo base-US-Iraq, ngelixa kugcinwe ukuvalwa okwethutyana kokungena kwabantu abavela e-Iran, eLibya, eSomalia, eSudan, eSyria, naseYemen ngenxa yenkxalabo ngokhuseleko lwelizwe.
Injongo yale phepha ayikuxubusha ngokweenkcukacha iimeko ezijikeleze ukuvinjelwa kokuhamba kukaMongameli uTrump, kodwa ukubonakalisa impembelelo yesigqibo seNkundla ePhakamileyo yakutshanje esigunyazisa imiba yokuvalwa kokuhamba ukuba iphunyezwe. Olu luvo lusekelwe kwinqaku le-26 kaJuni, i-2017 Washington Post eyabhalwa nguRobert Barnes kunye noMat Zapotosky kwaye inesihloko esithi "INkundla ePhakamileyo ivumela uhlobo olulinganiselweyo lwesithintelo sokuhamba sikaTrump ukuba sisebenze kwaye siya kuqwalasela ityala xa liwile." Kumacandelo alandelayo, iingxoxo zamaqela abandakanyekayo kule ngxabano kunye nesigqibo seNkundla ePhakamileyo siya kuboniswa, silandelwe yingxoxo ngentsingiselo yesigqibo seNkundla ekuqondeni ngokubanzi umgaqo-nkqubo woluntu. Eli phepha liqukumbela ngoluhlu lweengcebiso malunga nendlela yokunciphisa nokuthintela iingxaki ezifanayo zomgaqo-nkqubo woluntu kwixesha elizayo.
Amaqela abandakanyekayo kwityala
Ngokutsho kwenqaku leWashington Post ekuphononongweni, ungquzulwano lokuvala uhambo lukaTrump olwaziswa phambi kweNkundla ePhakamileyo lubandakanya amatyala amabini anxulumeneyo ngaphambili agqitywe yiNkundla yeSibheno yase-US yeSekethe yesine kunye neNkundla yeZibheno yase-US yeSekethe yesithoba ngokuchasene noMongameli uTrump. umnqweno. Ngelixa amaqela kwityala langaphambili nguMongameli Trump, et al. ngokuchasene neProjekthi yoNcedo lweMbaleki yaMazwe ngaMazwe, et al., Ityala lokugqibela libandakanya uMongameli uTrump, et al. ngokuchasene neHawaii, et al.
Enganelisekanga yimithetho yeeNkundla zeZibheno ezithintela ukuphunyezwa komyalelo wesigqeba sokuhamba, uMongameli uTrump wagqiba ekubeni azise ityala kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo ye-certiorari kunye nesicelo sokumisa izigwebo ezikhutshwe ziinkundla eziphantsi. NgoJuni 26, 2017, iNkundla Ephakamileyo yasivuma ngokupheleleyo isicelo sikaMongameli se-certiorari, yaye eso sicelo sokurhoxisa isicelo samkelwa. Olu yaba luloyiso olukhulu kuMongameli.
Amabali omnye komnye – Umntu ngamnye uyiqonda njani imeko nokuba kutheni
Ibali le UMongameli Trump, et al. -Amazwe amaSilamsi azala ubugrogrisi.
Isikhundla: Abemi bamazwe amaninzi angamaSilamsi - i-Iran, iLibya, iSomalia, iSudan, iSyria, neYemen - kufuneka banqunyanyiswe ekungeneni eUnited States kangangeentsuku ezingama-90; kunye ne-United States Refugee Admissions Programme (USRAP) kufuneka inqunyanyiswe iintsuku ze-120, ngelixa inani lababaleki kwi-2017 kufuneka lincitshiswe.
Inzala:
Ukhuseleko / Imidla yoKhuseleko: Ukuvumela abantu abavela kula mazwe angamaSilamsi ukuba bangene eUnited States kuya kubangela izoyikiso zokhuseleko lwesizwe. Ke ngoko, ukunqunyanyiswa kokukhutshwa kwe-visa kubantu bamanye amazwe abavela eIran, eLibya, eSomalia, eSudan, eSyria, naseYemen kuya kunceda ekukhuseleni i-United States kuhlaselo lwabanqolobi. Kwakhona, ukunciphisa izoyikiso ezibangelwa bubugrogrisi bangaphandle kukhuseleko lwelizwe lethu, kubalulekile ukuba iUnited States iyimise inkqubo yayo yokwamkelwa kwababaleki. Abanqolobi banokuthubeleza kwilizwe lethu kunye neembacu. Noko ke, ukwamkelwa kweembacu ezingamaKristu kunokuqwalaselwa. Ke ngoko, abantu baseMelika kufuneka baxhase uMyalelo weSigqeba onguNombolo 13780: Ukukhusela iSizwe ekungeneni kwabanqolobi bangaphandle eUnited States. Ukumiswa kweentsuku ezingama-90 kunye neentsuku ze-120 ngokulandelanayo kuya kuvumela ii-arhente ezifanelekileyo kwiSebe likaRhulumente kunye noKhuseleko lweLizwe ukuba zenze uphononongo lwenqanaba lezoyikiso zokhuseleko kula mazwe kunye nokumisela amanyathelo afanelekileyo kunye neenkqubo ekufuneka ziphunyezwe.
Umdla kuQoqosho: Ngokunqumamisa iNkqubo yoKwamkelwa kweeMbacu eUnited States size kamva sinciphise inani leembacu ezithathwayo, siya konga amakhulu ezigidi zeerandi kunyaka-mali ka-2017, kwaye ezi dollar ziza kusetyenziswa ukudala imisebenzi kubantu baseMelika.
Ibali le IProjekthi yoNcedo lweMbacu yeHlabathi, et al. kunye neHawaii, et al. - UMongameli Trump's Executive Order No. 13780 iyacalula amaSilamsi.
Isikhundla: Abemi abafanelekileyo kunye neembacu ezivela kula mazwe angamaSilamsi - i-Iran, iLibya, iSomalia, iSudan, iSyria, kunye neYemen - kufuneka bavunyelwe ukuba bangene e-United States ngendlela efanayo naleyo yokuba abantu bamazwe angamaKristu ubukhulu becala bavunyelwe ukungena eUnited States.
Inzala:
Ukhuseleko / Imidla yoKhuseleko: Ukuvalwa kwezizwe zala mazwe angamaSilamsi ekungeneni eUnited States kwenza amaSilamsi azive ejongwe yi-United States ngenxa yenkolo yawo yamaSilamsi. Oku “kujoliswa” kubangela izisongelo ezithile kubuni babo nakukhuseleko kwihlabathi liphela. Kwakhona, ukunqumamisa iNkqubo yokwamkelwa kweembacu eUnited States kukwaphula izivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe eziqinisekisa ukhuseleko nokhuseleko lweembacu.
IiMdingo zePhysiology kunye noMdla wokuZenzela wena: Uninzi lwabantu abavela kula mazwe angamaSilamsi baxhomekeke kuhambo lwabo lokuya eUnited States kwiimfuno zabo zomzimba kunye nokuzenzela ngokwabo ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwabo kwimfundo, ishishini, umsebenzi, okanye ukudibana kosapho.
Amalungelo oMgaqo-siseko kunye neeNdlela zokuHlonipha: Okokugqibela kwaye okona kubalulekileyo, uMyalelo oLawulayo kaMongameli uTrump ucalula inkolo yamaSilamsi ngokuthanda ezinye iinkolo. Ikhuthazwa ngumnqweno wokungabandakanyi amaSilamsi ekungeneni eUnited States kwaye kungekhona ngokhuseleko lwelizwe. Ngoko ke, igatya iGatya Lokumiselwa koLungiso Lokuqala elingathinteli nje kuphela oorhulumente ekwenzeni imithetho emisela unqulo, kodwa ekwalela imigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente exhasa unqulo olunye kunolunye.
Isigqibo seNkundla ePhakamileyo
Ukulinganisa iequities ezibonakalayo kumacala omabini eengxoxo, iNkundla ePhakamileyo yamkele indawo ephakathi. Okokuqala, isicelo sikaMongameli se-certiorari samkelwa ngokupheleleyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba iNkundla ePhakamileyo iyamkele ukuphonononga ityala, kwaye ukuvalelwa kuhlelwe ngo-Oktobha 2017. Okwesibini, isicelo sokumisa sanikezelwa ngokuyinxenye yiNkundla ePhakamileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba umyalelo wesigqeba sikaMongameli uTrump unokusebenza kuphela kubemi bamazwe amathandathu ubukhulu becala angamaSilamsi, kubandakanywa iimbacu, ezingakwaziyo ukuseka "ibango elithembekileyo lobudlelwane bokwenene nomntu okanye iqumrhu eMelika." Abo “banebango elithembekileyo lobudlelwane bokwenene nomntu okanye iziko eUnited States” - umzekelo, abafundi, amalungu osapho, amaqabane oshishino, abasebenzi bamanye amazwe, njalo njalo - kufuneka bavunyelwe ukuba bangene eMelika.
Ukuqonda iSigqibo seNkundla ngokweNdlela yoMgaqo-nkqubo woLuntu
Eli tyala lokuvalwa komsebenzi lifumene ingqwalasela enkulu kuba lenzeka ngexesha ilizwe lijongene nencopho yobongameli bale mihla baseMelika. KuMongameli uTrump, iimpawu ezivuthayo, ezifana ne-hollywood, kunye nenyani-show yomongameli baseMelika banamhlanje bafikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu. Ukusetyenziswa kukaTrump kumajelo eendaba kumenza angabinangxaki kumakhaya ethu nakwingqondo yethu. Ukuqala kwiindlela zephulo kude kube ngoku, akukadluli iyure ngaphandle kokuva amajelo eendaba ethetha ngentetho kaTrump. Oku akubangelwa ngundoqo womcimbi kodwa ngenxa yokuba uvela kuTrump. Ngenxa yokuba uMongameli uTrump (nangaphambi kokuba anyulwe njengomongameli) uhlala nathi emakhayeni ethu, sinokukhumbula ngokulula isithembiso sakhe sephulo lokuvala onke amaSilamsi ukuba angangeni eUnited States. Umyalelo wesigqeba ophononongwayo kukuzaliseka kweso sithembiso. Ukuba uMongameli uTrump ebelumkile kwaye echubekile ekusebenziseni kwakhe amajelo eendaba - amajelo eendaba ezentlalo kunye nesiqhelo -, ukutolika koluntu kumyalelo wakhe olawulayo ngekwahlukile. Mhlawumbi, umyalelo wakhe wesigqeba solawulo lokuhamba wawuya kuqondwa njengomlinganiselo wokhuseleko lwelizwe kwaye kungekhona njengomgaqo-nkqubo owenzelwe ukucalula amaSulumane.
Ingxoxo yabo bachasene nokuvalwa kokuhamba kukaMongameli uTrump iphakamisa imibuzo esisiseko malunga nezakhiwo kunye neempawu zembali yezopolitiko zaseMelika ezibumba umgaqo-nkqubo woluntu. Ingaba zingathathi cala kangakanani iinkqubo zezopolitiko zaseMelika kunye nezakhiwo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo evela kuzo? Kulula kangakanani ukuphumeza utshintsho lomgaqo-nkqubo ngaphakathi kwenkqubo yezopolitiko yaseMelika?
Ukuphendula umbuzo wokuqala, ukuvalwa kokuhamba kukaMongameli uTrump kubonisa indlela ecalucalulo ngayo inkqubo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo eyivelisayo ukuba inokushiywa ingaqwalaselwanga. Imbali yase-United States ityhila intaphane yemigaqo-nkqubo yocalucalulo eyenzelwe ukukhuphela ngaphandle amaqela athile abemi ekhaya nakumazwe ngamazwe. Le migaqo-nkqubo yocalucalulo ibandakanya phakathi kwezinye izinto ubunini bekhoboka, ulwahlulo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zoluntu, ukukhutshelwa ngaphandle kwabantsundu kunye nabasetyhini ekuvoteni nasekukhuphisaneni kwiiofisi zoluntu, ukuvinjwa kwemitshato yobuhlanga kunye nesini esifanayo, ukuvalelwa kwabantu baseJapan baseMelika ngexesha leMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi. , kunye nemithetho yangaphambi kowe-1965 yase-US yokufudukela kwelinye ilizwe eyapasiswa ukuba ithande abantu basemantla aseYurophu njengezona ntlobo zibalaseleyo zohlanga lwabamhlophe. Ngenxa yoqhanqalazo oluthe gqolo kunye nezinye iindlela zokuphembelela imibutho yasekuhlaleni, le mithetho yalungiswa ngokuthe ngcembe. Kwezinye iimeko, zaye zachithwa yiCongress. Kwamanye amatyala amaninzi, iNkundla Ephakamileyo yagqiba kwelokuba ayechasene nomgaqo-siseko.
Ukuphendula umbuzo wesibini: kulula kangakanani ukuphumeza utshintsho lomgaqo-nkqubo ngaphakathi kwenkqubo yezopolitiko yaseMelika? Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba utshintsho lomgaqo-nkqubo okanye izilungiso zomgaqo-siseko kunzima kakhulu ukuphumeza ngenxa yengcamango "yokuthintela umgaqo-nkqubo". Ubume boMgaqo-siseko wase-US, imigaqo yokuhlola kunye nokulinganisa, ukwahlulwa kwamagunya, kunye nenkqubo yomanyano lwalo rhulumente wedemokhrasi yenza kube nzima kulo naliphi na isebe likarhulumente ukuphumeza utshintsho olukhawulezayo lomgaqo-nkqubo. Umyalelo olawulayo wokuvalwa kokuhamba kukaMongameli uTrump ngewuqale ukusebenza kwangoko ukuba bekungekho zithintelo zomgaqo-nkqubo okanye iitshekhi kunye neebhalansi. Njengoko kuchaziwe ngasentla, kwagqitywa ziinkundla ezisezantsi ukuba umyalelo wolawulo lukaMongameli uTrump waphula iGatya lokuSekwa loLungiso lokuQala olufakwe kuMgaqo-siseko. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, iinkundla ezisezantsi zikhuphe imiyalelo emibini eyahlukeneyo ethintela ukuphunyezwa komyalelo wesigqeba.
Nangona iNkundla ePhakamileyo inike isikhalazo sikaMongameli se-certiorari ngokupheleleyo, kwaye inikwe inxalenye yesicelo sokumisa, iGatya lokuSekwa loLungiso lokuQala lihlala liyinto ethintelayo ethintela ukuphunyezwa ngokupheleleyo komyalelo wesigqeba. Kungenxa yoko le nto iNkundla ePhakamileyo yagweba ukuba umyalelo olawulayo kaMongameli uTrump awunakusebenza kwabo "banebango elithembekileyo lobudlelwane bokwenene nomntu okanye iqumrhu e-United States." Kuhlalutyo lokugqibela, eli tyala liphinda labalaselisa indima yeNkundla Ephakamileyo ekuqulunqeni umgaqo-nkqubo woluntu eUnited States.
Izindululo: Ukunqanda iiNgxaki ezifanayo zoMgaqo-nkqubo woLuntu kwixesha elizayo
Ngokwembono yomntu oqhelekileyo, kwaye kunikwe iinyani kunye nedatha ekhoyo malunga nemeko yokhuseleko kumazwe anqunyanyisiweyo-i-Iran, iLibya, iSomalia, iSudan, iSyria, kunye neYemen-, kunokuxoxwa ukuba amanyathelo okhuseleko aphezulu kufuneka athatyathwe phambi kokuba kwamkelwe abantu. ukusuka kula mazwe ukuya eUnited States. Nangona la mazwe engamele onke amazwe anezinga eliphezulu lemingcipheko yokhuseleko - umzekelo, abanqolobi baye bafika eUnited States bevela eSaudi Arabia kwixesha elidlulileyo, kwaye ibhomu yaseBoston kunye nebhombu yeKrisimesi kwinqwelomoya ayiveli kula mazwe- , uMongameli wase-US usenegunya lomgaqo-siseko lokubeka amanyathelo okhuseleko afanelekileyo ukukhusela i-US kwizisongelo zokhuseleko lwangaphandle kunye nohlaselo lwabanqolobi.
Umsebenzi wokukhusela, nangona kunjalo, akufuneki usetyenziswe ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokuba oko kunyhashe uMgaqo-siseko. Kulapho uMongameli Trump wasilela khona. Ukubuyisela ukholo kunye nokuzithemba kubantu baseMelika, kunye nokuphepha impazamo enjalo kwixesha elizayo, kucetyiswa ukuba abongameli abatsha base-US balandele izikhokelo ezithile ngaphambi kokukhupha imiyalelo yesigqeba ephikisanayo njengoMongameli uTrump wokuvala ukuhamba kumazwe asixhenxe.
- Musa ukwenza izithembiso zomgaqo-nkqubo ezicalula icandelo labemi ngexesha lamaphulo omongameli.
- Xa wonyulwa njengomongameli, jonga kwakhona imigaqo-nkqubo ekhoyo, ifilosofi ebakhokelayo, kunye nomgaqo-siseko wabo.
- Dibana neengcali zomgaqo-nkqubo woluntu kunye neengcali zomthetho womgaqo-siseko ukuqinisekisa ukuba imiyalelo emitsha yesigqeba ihambisana nomgaqo-siseko kwaye isabela kwimiba yokwenyani nesakhulayo yomgaqo-nkqubo.
- Phuhlisa ubulumko bezopolitiko, uvule ukumamela nokufunda, kwaye uyeke ukusebenzisa rhoqo i-twitter.
Umbhali, UGqr. Basil Ugorji, nguMongameli kunye ne-CEO yeZiko leHlabathi le-Ethno-Religious Mediation. Wafumana isidanga sePh.D. kuHlahlelo lweNgxwabangxwaba kunye noSombululo oluvela kwiSebe leZifundo zokuSombulula iiNgxwabangxwaba, kwiKholeji yoBugcisa, uBuntu kunye neSayensi yeNtlalo, kwiYunivesithi yaseNova kuMzantsi-mpuma, eFort Lauderdale, eFlorida.
