Ingxelo yeZiko leZizwe ngezizwe le-Ethno-Religious Mediation ukuya kwiSeshini yesithoba yeZizwe eziManyeneyo eziVulekileyo eziSebenzayo ngokuGuga.
Ngo-2050, ngaphezu kwe-20% yabemi behlabathi baya kuba neminyaka engama-60 ubudala okanye ngaphezulu. Ndiya kuba neminyaka engama-81 ubudala, yaye ngandlel’ ithile, andilindelanga ukuba ihlabathi laziwe, kanye njengokuba lalingaziwa “kuJane” owasweleka ngoFebruwari eneminyaka engama-88 ubudala. Wazalelwa emaphandleni eUnited States. Amazwe ekuqaleni koxinzelelo olukhulu, wabelana ngamabali okufikelela okulinganiselweyo kumanzi abalekayo, ukubonelela ngemilinganiselo ngexesha leMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi, waphulukana noyise ngenxa yokuzibulala, kunye nokubulawa kukadadewabo ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo kwiminyaka embalwa ngaphambi kokuba kuqaliswe utyando lwentliziyo. I-US Women's Suffrage Movement yenzeke phakathi kukaJane kunye noodadewabo abathathu, imnika inkululeko engakumbi kunye namathuba, kodwa naye waboniswa. quid pro quo ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo emsebenzini, ukuxhatshazwa ngokwezemali ekhaya, kunye nokucalulana ngokwesini ngokwamaziko ezinkundleni, xa efuna inkxaso yabantwana kumyeni wakhe wangaphambili.
UJane akazange atyhafe. Wabhalela abameli bakarhulumente iileta waza walwamkela uncedo oluvela kumalungu entsapho, kubahlobo nakumalungu asekuhlaleni. Ekugqibeleni, wafumana inkxaso awayeyifuna nobulungisa obumfaneleyo. Kufuneka siqinisekise ukuba bonke abantu banokufikelela ngokulinganayo kwezo zixhobo.
Ukuzimela kunye nokuzimela
E-US, uninzi lwamazwe anemithetho yokugada ekhusela ukuzimela kwabantu abadala kunye nokuzimela ngokubonelela ngovavanyo lwenkundla lwazo naziphi na izithintelo kula malungelo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ukhuseleko olwaneleyo xa umdala enikezela ngokuzithandela okanye ukwabelanas amalungelo athile, afana naMagunya eGqwetha (i-POA) etyumba iGqwetha elikwiNyaniso (AIF) ukuba lenze izigqibo malunga nepropati yokwenene, ipropati yomntu ebonakalayo, utyalo-mali, kunye nezinye iintengiselwano zemali. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kukho umngeni kuphela kwiintengiselwano ezinjalo, apho ukuxhatshazwa kunye nokungakwazi ukusebenza kunokungqinwa, kwaye uninzi lweentsapho luswele imfundo ekhethekileyo yokuqaphela iimpawu zokuxhatshazwa.
Umntu omnye kwabathandathu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwama-60 uxhatshazwa. Njengakwiimeko ezininzi zokuxhatshazwa, ixhoba lilona lisengozini kwaye lilula ukulawula xa lihlukanisiwe kwiinkqubo zenkxaso, imfundo, kunye nezinye iinkonzo zophuhliso loluntu. Kufuneka senze umsebenzi ongcono wokudibanisa abemi bethu abadala kwiintsapho zethu, kwiindawo esihlala kuzo, ezikolweni, kwiindawo zokusebenza, nakwiindawo esihlala kuzo. Kufuneka kwakhona siphucule izakhono zabo badibana nabantu abadala abalupheleyo, ukuze babe nokuqaphela iimpawu zokuxhatshazwa kunye namathuba okuphucula ubomi babantu abahlelelekileyo bazo zonke iimvelaphi.
Kwiintsuku ezimbini ngaphambi kokufa kukaJane, watyikitya i-POA eDurable eyanika ilungu losapho igunya elisemthethweni lokumenzela izigqibo. I-AIF ayizange iqonde ukuba amandla akhe ayelinganiselwe kwizigqibo ezenziwe ngenzuzo kaJane, kwaye wayeceba "ukuchitha" uninzi lwempahla kaJane. I-AIF yayizama ukufaneleka uJane ukuba afumane uncedo lukarhulumente oluxhomekeke kwi-asethi, engayinaki ikhono likaJane lokuhlawula ukunyamekela kwakhe kunye nomnqweno wakhe wokubuyela ekhaya. I-AIF ibizama nokugcina impahla yelifa, ebengumxhamli wayo.
Ukwazi imeko yasekhaya kaJane ineemfuno ezisisinyanzelo zokuxela, xa amagosa athile esazi ukuba unokuxhatshazwa, elinye lamalungu osapho lukaJane lazisa abasemagunyeni ngeempawu ezili-11 ezirhanelwayo zokuxhatshazwa. Nangona kwakugunyaziswe, akukho manyathelo athathiweyo. Ukuba uJane akazange afe ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba i-POA isayinwe, i-AIF iya kuba phantsi kophando lwe-Medicaid Fraud kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwabadala.
Asinakuze sazi ukuba umthetho wawuya kuwakhusela kangakanani na amalungelo kaJane okuzimela nokuzimela. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko abantu bethu bekhula, kuya kubakho amabali amaninzi afana nelakhe, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuba sithembele kuphela kuMthetho woMthetho ukukhusela abadala abanjengoJane.
Ixesha elide-term Care kwaye Ukuthantamisa Care
UJane waxhamla kumayeza anamhlanje kwaye wabetha umhlaza izihlandlo ezithathu. Nangona kunjalo kuye kwafuneka alwe nabathwali beinshurensi yakhe, iqela lezonyango, amasebe okuhlawula ababoneleli, kunye nabanye ngayo yonke into ukusuka kunyango aludingayo ukuze ahloniphe ukomelela kwakhe kunye nobuchule bakhe bengqondo. Emva kokuba edla umhlala-phantsi, waba litsha-ntliziyo kangangeminyaka eli-18 kwindawo yokuhlala amabhinqa engenamakhaya, enyamekela amalungu entsapho aselula, yaye waqhubeka ekhokela intsapho nentsapho yakhe, ukanti wayedla ngokuphathwa ngokungathi ufanele abe nombulelo ngobomi bakhe obude, kunokuba afune. waqhubeka nonyango kwizigulo zakhe ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ngethuba ebalekiselwe kwelinye utyando, i-gall bladder yakhe yayigqobhozelwe ngamatye enyongo awayeqokelele malunga neminyaka eyi-10-ngelixa iqela lakhe lezonyango lizigxotha izikhalazo zakhe zesisu njengenxalenye "yobudala". Wachacha waza waphila phantse iminyaka emithathu ngaphezulu.
Yaba kukuwa okungephi okubangele ukuba uJane amkelwe kwiziko lokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo. Wayewele kwikhaya lakhe, apho wayehlala khona yedwa, kwaye wophuka owona mnwe omncinci kwisandla sakhe sasekunene. Waqhula nenye yeentombi zakhe malunga nendlela ekufuneka afunde ngayo ukuhamba ngezihlangu zakhe ezitsha. Njengoko wayeshiya i-ofisi yotyando, apho waye wafumana iingcebiso ezicetyiswayo, wawa waza waphuka i-pelvis yakhe, kodwa bekulindeleke ukuba abuyele kwimeko yakhe yesiseko emva kweeveki ezimbalwa zonyango lomzimba kunye nomsebenzi.
UJane wayekhe wachacha ngaphambili kumhlaza wamabele, kwiradiation kunye nonyango lwechemotherapy, ipneumonectomy, ukutshintshwa kwenyonga, ukususwa kwenyongo, kunye nokutshintshwa kwamagxa ngokupheleleyo—kwanaxa iingcali zokuthomalalisa iintlungu zamnika amayeza amaninzi kakhulu waza wafa umphunga wakhe ekuphela kwawo. Ke, amalungu osapho lwakhe alindele ukuchacha okungcono kakhulu kunangaphambili. Akazange aqalise ukucwangcisa okona kubi, de waba nosulelo olubini (olunokuthintelwa). Usulelo lwasonjululwa, kodwa lwalandelwa yinyumoniya kunye ne-atrial fibrillation.
Intsapho kaJane ayizange ivumelane ngesicwangciso sakhe sokunyamekela. Nangona wayekwazile ukuzenzela izigqibo ngokwasemthethweni, kwaqengqeleka iiveki ethetha naye kangangeeveki ngaphandle kweqabane lakhe lonyango. Endaweni yoko, iqela lakhe lezonyango lathetha ngamaxesha athile kwilungu losapho elathi kamva laba yi-AIF. Isicwangciso sokumamkela uJane kwikhaya labalupheleyo—ngokuchasene nentando yakhe kodwa ukuze kube lula kwi-AIF—kwaxoxwa phambi kukaJane ngokungathi wayengekho, yaye waxakwa kakhulu ukuba angaphenduli.
UJane wabela amalungelo kumntu ongenamava ekuhlalutyeni imigaqo-nkqubo yeinshorensi entsonkothileyo eyayigubungela unyango lwakhe, owayeyityeshela iminqweno yakhe, nowayesenza izigqibo ngokuyintloko ukuze kungenelwe yena (naphantsi koxinezeleko lokudinwa okanye uloyiko). Izikhokelo zonyango ezingcono, inkuthalo efunekayo kwiziko lokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo, kunye noqeqesho olufunekayo lwe-AIF lunokwenza umehluko ekunyamekeleni kukaJane kunye nokugcinwa kobudlelwane bentsapho.
Ukujonga phambili
I-International Centre for Ethno-Religious Mediation (ICERM) izimisele ukuxhasa uxolo oluzinzileyo kumazwe ehlabathini lonke, kwaye oko akuyi kwenzeka ngaphandle kwabadala bethu. Ngenxa yoko, siye saseka iForam yaBadala beHlabathi, kwaye iNkomfa yethu ye-2018 iya kugxininisa kwiiNkqubo zeMveli zokuSombulula iiNgqungquthela. Le Nkomfa iza kubandakanya iinkcazo-ntetho ezivela kubalawuli bemveli kunye neenkokeli zemveli ezivela kwihlabathi jikelele, uninzi lwabo ingabantu abadala.
Ukongeza, i-ICERM ibonelela ngoqeqesho kunye nesatifikethi kwi-Ethno-Religious Mediation. Kweso sifundo, sixubusha ngeemeko apho ithuba lokusindisa ubomi laphoswayo, ngokuyinxenye ngenxa yokungakwazi kwabantu abanegunya ukuqwalasela iimbono zehlabathi zabanye. Sikwaxoxa ngeentsilelo zokusombulula iingxabano ngokubandakanyeka kuphela kweNqanaba eliPhezulu, eliPhakathi, okanye iiNkokheli zeGrassroots. Ngaphandle kwendlela epheleleyo, indlela yoluntu, uxolo oluzinzileyo alunakwenzeka (jonga iNjongo ye-16).
Kwi-ICERM, sikhuthaza kwaye sixhobisa iingxoxo phakathi kwamaqela abonakala ngokwahlukileyo. Siyakumema ukuba wenze okufanayo, kuyo yonke le seshoni yesithoba yeQela eliSebenzayo eliVulekileyo lokuguga:
- Qwalasela iimbono zabanye zehlabathi, nokuba awuvumelani nabo.
- Mamela ngenjongo yokuqonda, ungabongezi ngxoxo okanye mngeni.
- Gxininisa kwizibophelelo zakho kunye nendlela yokuzalisekisa kuzo ngaphandle kokunciphisa iinjongo zabanye.
- Sifuna ukuxhobisa abemi bethu abalupheleyo, bakhulise amazwi abo kungekuphela nje ukubakhusela kuxhatshazo, kodwa nokulungisa izisombululo kwiimfuno zabo zokwenyani kunye neemfuno zabo.
- Khangela amathuba avumela abantu abaninzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuba bazuze.
Kusenokubakho amathuba okunciphisa amazinga aphezulu abantu abangaphangeliyo ngeenzuzo ezihlawulelwayo zabanonopheli bosapho. Oku kuya kuvumela abathwali beinshorensi yezempilo (enoba ixhaswe ngemali yabucala okanye irhafu eyabelwa iinkqubo zomhlawuli omnye) ukuba banciphise iindleko zokuphila ngoncedo, ngelixa bebonelela abantu abangenamisebenzi ngengeniso. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi kuNjongo 1, xa kucingwa ukuba uninzi lwabantu abahlwempuzekileyo ehlabathini ngabafazi nabantwana, ngokufuthi kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni. Siyazi kananjalo ukuba abasetyhini babonelela ngezona nkonzo zingahlawulwanga, ngokwesiqhelo ezindlini, ezinokubandakanya izalamane esele zikhulile, ukongeza ebantwaneni. Oku kunokuqhubela phambili kwiiNjongo 2, 3, 5, 8, kunye ne-10 ngokunjalo.
Ngokukwanjalo, sinamanani arekhodiweyo olutsha olungenabacebisi namanani abazali. Isenokuba lixesha lokucinga ngokutsha ngeesistim zethu zemfundo, sivumele ukufunda ubomi bonke, kokubini izifundo zemfundo kunye nezakhono zobomi. Izikolo zethu zihlala zijolise kwixesha elifutshane, "ukufunda" okugxile kuvavanyo olufanele abafundi ukuba baye ekholejini. Ayinguye wonke umfundi oya ekholejini, kodwa uninzi luya kufuna izakhono kwimali yobuqu, ukukhulisa abantwana, kunye netekhnoloji-izakhono zabemi abaninzi abalupheleyo, kodwa banokufuna ukuphucula. Enye indlela yokuphucula ukuqonda kukufundisa okanye ukucebisa, okuya kuvumela abafundi abadala ukuba basebenzise ubuchopho babo, bakhe unxibelelwano lwentlalo, kwaye bagcine imvakalelo yexabiso. Ngapha koko, abafundi abancinci baya kuxhamla kwiimbono ezintsha, imodeli yokuziphatha, kunye nobunkokeli kwizakhono ezinje ngetekhnoloji okanye izibalo ezintsha. Ngaphaya koko, izikolo zinokuzuza kubantu abadala abongezelelweyo abakhoyo ukuze kuncitshiswe izimilo ezinganqwenelekiyo kubantu abatsha abasazimisela ukuba bangoobani na kwaye bangena phi.
Xa kujongwa njengentsebenziswano phakathi kwamaqela anomdla ohambelanayo, ukuba awukho umdla ofanayo, amathuba ongezelelweyo avela. Masivule iincoko ezisinceda ukuba sijonge izenzo zokwenza ezo zinto zinokwenzeka zibe yinyani yethu.
UNance L. Schick, Esq., Ummeli oPhambili weZiko leZizwe ngezizwe le-Ethno-Religious Mediation kwiKomkhulu leZizwe eziManyeneyo, eNew York.
