UbuNdlobongela obuNdlobongela: Njani, kutheni, nini kwaye phi abantu bafumana iRadicalized?

Manal Taha

UbuNdlobongela obuNdlobongela: Njani, kutheni, nini kwaye phi abantu bafumana iRadicalized? kwi-ICERM Radio isasazwe ngoMgqibelo, Julayi 9, 2016 @ 2 PM Eastern Time (eNew York).

Mamela inkqubo yengxoxo kanomathotholo ye-ICERM, "Masithethe Ngayo," kwingxoxo yephaneli ebandakanyekayo malunga ne "Violent Extremism: Njani, Kutheni, Nini kwaye Phi Abantu Bafumana Radicalized?" iqulathe abaphaneli abathathu ababalaseleyo abanobuchule boKulwa nobuNdlobongela obuNdlobongela (CVE) kunye ne-Counter-Terrorism (CT).

Abaphathi bePhaneli abaBalulekileyo:

UMaryhope Schwoebel UMary Hope Schwoebel, Ph.D., uNjingalwazi oNcedisayo, iSebe leZifundo zokuSombulula iiNgxwabangxwaba, kwiYunivesithi yaseNova yaseMzantsi-mpuma, eFlorida 

UMaryhope Schwoebel unePh.D. ukusuka kwiSikolo soHlalutyo lweNgxwabangxwaba kunye neSisombululo kwiYunivesithi yaseGeorge Mason kunye neeMasters ezivela kwiYunivesithi yaseCalifornia kwimfundo yabantu abadala kunye nengekho sesikweni enobuchule kuphuhliso lwamazwe ngamazwe. Icwecwe lakhe lalinomxholo othi “Ukwakha isizwe kwimihlaba yamaSomalia.”

UDkt Schwoebel uzisa iminyaka eyi-30 yamava kwiinkalo zokwakha uxolo, ulawulo, uncedo loluntu, kunye nophuhliso, kwaye usebenze kwii-arhente ze-UN, i-bilateral and multilateral and non-governmental organizations.

Usebenze njengevolontiya le-Peace Corps eParaguay apho wachitha iminyaka emihlanu. Emva koko uchithe iminyaka emithandathu e-Horn of Africa, elawula iinkqubo ze-UNICEF kunye nee-NGOs eSomalia naseKenya.

Ngelixa ekhulisa usapho kwaye esenza izifundo zakhe zobugqirha, uchithe iminyaka eli-15 ecebisana ne-USAID namahlakani ayo, kunye neminye imibutho emacala amabini, emacala amaninzi kunye nengekho phantsi kukarhulumente.

Kutshanje, uchithe iminyaka emihlanu kwi-Academy for International Conflict Management and Peacebuilding kwiziko loXolo lase-US, apho aphuhlise kwaye waqhuba izifundo zoqeqesho kumazwe angaphezu kweshumi elinambini phesheya kunye naseWashington DC Ubhale ngempumelelo izindululo zenkxaso, eyilwe, yongamela. , kunye nokuququzelela amalinge eengxoxo kumazwe adlavulwe yimfazwe, kuquka i-Afghanistan, iPakistan, iYemen, iNigeria, neKholombiya. Uye waphanda waza wabhala upapasho olujolise kumgaqo-nkqubo kwimixholo eyahlukeneyo enxulumene nokwakhiwa koxolo kumazwe ngamazwe.

UDkt Schwoebel uye wafundisa njenge-Adjunct faculty kwiYunivesithi yaseGeorgetown, iYunivesithi yaseMelika, iYunivesithi yaseGeorge Mason, kunye neYunivesithi yoXolo eCosta Rica. Ungumbhali woluhlu olubanzi lweempapasho kwimicimbi yamazwe ngamazwe, kutshanje izahluko zeencwadi ezimbini - "I-Intersection of Public and Private Spheres for Pashtun Women in Politics" kwiSini, iMizabalazo yezoPolitiko kunye nokuLingana ngokwesini eMzantsi Asia, kunye "ne-Evolution. yeFashoni yabaseTyhini baseSomalia Ngexesha loTshintsho lweeMeko zoKhuseleko” kwiPolitiko yeHlabathi yeFashoni: ukuba yiFab kwiLizwe eliyingozi.

Imimandla yakhe enomdla ibandakanya, ukwakha uxolo kunye nokwakhiwa kombuso, ukwakhiwa koxolo kunye nophuhliso, isini kunye neengxabano, inkcubeko kunye neengxabano, kunye nokusebenzisana phakathi kweenkqubo zemveli zolawulo kunye nokusombulula iingxabano kunye nokungenelela kwamanye amazwe.

Manal Taha

UManal Taha, uJennings Randolph oMkhulu waseMntla Afrika, iZiko loXolo lase-US (USIP), eWashington, DC

UManal Taha nguJennings Randolph ugxa omkhulu kuMntla Afrika. UManal uzakube eqhuba uphando ukuphonononga izinto zasekhaya eziququzelelayo okanye zinciphise ukuqeshwa okanye uhlengahlengiso lolutsha kwimibutho enobundlobongela eLibya.

UManal yingcali ye-anthropologist kunye nomhlalutyi wengxabano kunye noluhlu olubanzi lophando kunye namava entsimi kwimimandla yoxolelwaniso lwasemva kwemfazwe kunye nokusombulula iingxabano eLibya, eSouth Sudan naseSudan.

Unamava okusebenzela iOfisi yeNguqulelo yeNyathelo iOTI/USAID eLibya. Usebenze kwiChemonics njengomphathi wenkqubo yengingqi (RPM) eMpuma yeLibya kwinkqubo ye-OTI/USAID egxile kuphuhliso lwenkqubo, ukuphunyezwa kunye nokuphuhlisa izicwangciso zenkqubo.

UManal uye waqhuba iiprojekthi ezininzi zophando ezinxulumene nezizathu zongquzulwano eSudan, kubandakanywa: uphando olusemgangathweni malunga neenkqubo zokuhlala komhlaba kunye namalungelo amanzi kwiiNtaba zeNuba eSudan kwiYunivesithi yaseMartin Luther eJamani.

Ukongeza kwiiprojekthi zophando, uManal usebenze njengomphandi okhokelayo kwiZiko leSizwe loPhando eKhartoum, eSudan, esebenza kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo kwi-anthropology yenkcubeko.

Unesidanga se-MA kwi-Anthropology kwiYunivesithi yaseKhartoum kunye ne-MA kwiNguquko yeNgqungquthela esuka kwiSikolo soQeqesho lwaMazwe ngaMazwe eVermont.

UManal uthetha kakuhle isiArabhu nesiNgesi.

PeterBauman UPeter Bauman, uMseki kunye ne-CEO kwi-Bauman Global LLC.

UPeter Bauman lichule eliguqukayo elineminyaka engaphezu kwe-15 yamava ukuyila, ukulawula, nokuvavanya ukusombulula impixano, ulawulo, umhlaba kunye nolawulo lobutyebi bendalo, ulondolozo lwendalo esingqongileyo, ukuzinzisa, ukuchasana neembono ezibaxiweyo, isiqabu & ukuchacha, kunye neenkqubo zemfundo egxile kulutsha; ukuququzelela iinkqubo zokusebenzisana kwabantu kunye namaqela ahlukeneyo; ukwenza uphando olusekwe kwindawo; kunye nokucebisa amaziko oluntu nabucala kwihlabathi liphela.

Amava akhe elizwe aquka iSomalia, Yemen, Kenya, Ethiopia, Sudan, South Sudan, Burkina Faso, Nigeria, Niger, Mali, Cameroon, Chad, Liberia, Belize, Haiti, Indonesia, Liberia, Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Nepal, Pakistan, Palestine /kwaSirayeli, ePapua New Guinea (eBougainville), eSeychelles, eSri Lanka, naseTaiwan.

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Amanqaku Afana

Iinkonzo e-Igboland: Ukwahluka, Ukufaneleka kunye nokubakho

Unqulo sesinye seziganeko zentlalo nezoqoqosho ezinefuthe elingenakuphikiswa eluntwini naphina ehlabathini. Njengobungcwele njengoko kubonakala ngathi, inkolo ayibalulekanga nje kuphela ekuqondeni ubukho babemi bomthonyama kodwa ikwanayo nomgaqo-nkqubo wokubaluleka kwimeko yobuhlanga kunye nophuhliso. Ubungqina bembali kunye ne-ethnographic kwiibonakaliso ezahlukeneyo kunye namagama okwenziwa kweziganeko zenkolo zininzi. Isizwe sama-Igbo kuMazantsi eNigeria, kumacala omabini oMlambo iNiger, lelinye lawona maqela makhulu enkcubeko yabarhwebi abamnyama eAfrika, anenzondelelo yenkolo engathandabuzekiyo ebandakanya uphuhliso oluzinzileyo kunye nokusebenzisana phakathi kwezizwe ngezizwe ngaphakathi kwemida yemveli. Kodwa imeko yonqulo yaseIgboland ihlala iguquka. Ukuza kuthi ga kowe-1840, eyona nkolo ibalaseleyo yamaIgbo yayiyeyemveli okanye yemveli. Ngaphantsi kwamashumi amabini eminyaka kamva, xa kwaqaliswa umsebenzi wobuvangeli basemazweni abangamaKristu kuloo mmandla, kwabakho umkhosi omtsha owawuza kuthi ekugqibeleni ulungelelanise inkangeleko yonqulo lwaloo mmandla. UbuKristu bakhula baba ncinane kakhulu kulawulo lwamva. Phambi kwekhulu leminyaka yobuKristu e-Igboland, amaSilamsi kunye nezinye iinkolo ezingaphantsi kwe-hegemonic zavela ukuze zikhuphisane neenkolo zemveli zaseIgbo kunye nobuKristu. Eli phepha lilandelela iiyantlukwano zenkolo kunye nokufaneleka kwayo kuphuhliso oluhambelanayo e-Igboland. Itsala idatha yayo kwimisebenzi epapashiweyo, udliwano-ndlebe, kunye nezinto zobugcisa. Iphikisa ukuba njengoko iinkolo ezintsha zivela, indawo yenkolo ye-Igbo iya kuqhubeka nokuhlukahluka kunye / okanye ukulungelelanisa, nokuba kukubandakanya okanye ukuhluka phakathi kweenkolo ezikhoyo kunye nezikhulayo, ukuze kuphile i-Igbo.

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