Abantu Bomdabu base-Biafra (IPOB): Inhlangano Evuselelwe Yezenhlalakahle E-Nigeria
Isingeniso
Leli phepha ligxile ku-athikili ye-Washington Post yangoJulayi 7, 2017 eyabhalwa ngu-Eromo Egbejule, futhi enesihloko esithi “Eminyakeni engamashumi amahlanu kamuva, iNigeria yehlulekile ukufunda empini yayo yombango enyantisayo.” Zimbili izinto ezingidonse ukunaka njengoba ngibuyekeza okuqukethwe yile ndatshana. Esokuqala yisithombe sekhava abahleli abasikhethele isihloko esithathwe ku- I-Agence France-Presse / Getty Izithombe enencazelo: “Abasekeli Bomdabu baseBiafra bamasha ePort Harcourt ngo-January.” Isici sesibili esidonse ukunaka kwami usuku lokushicilelwa kwendatshana okungoJulayi 7, 2017.
Ngokusekelwe ekufanekiseni kwalezi zakhi ezimbili - isithombe sekhava ye-athikili kanye nosuku -, leli phepha lihlose ukufeza imigomo emithathu: okokuqala, ukuchaza izindikimba ezinkulu esihlokweni sika-Egbejule; okwesibili, ukwenza uhlaziyo lwe-hermeneutic yalezi zindikimba ngokombono wamathiyori nemiqondo efanele ezifundweni zokunyakaza komphakathi; futhi okwesithathu, ukuzindla ngemiphumela yokuyaluza okuqhubekayo kwenkululeko ye-Biafra yinhlangano evuselelwe kabusha yase-Nigerian social social - Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB).
“Eminyakeni engamashumi amahlanu kamuva, iNigeria yehlulekile ukufunda empini yayo yombango enyantisayo” - Izindikimba ezinkulu esihlokweni sika-Egbejule
Intatheli yaseNigeria egxile ezinhlanganweni zomphakathi zaseNtshonalanga Afrika, U-Eromo Egbejule uhlola izindaba eziyisithupha ezibalulekile enhliziyweni yempi yaseNigeria-Biafra kanye nokuvela kwenhlangano entsha yenkululeko ye-pro-Biafra. Lezi zinkinga ziyi Impi yaseNigeria-Biafra: imvelaphi, imiphumela, kanye nobulungiswa bezinguquko bangemva kwempi; imbangela yempi yaseNigeria-Biafra, imiphumela kanye nokwehluleka kobulungiswa besikhashana; imfundo yomlando - kungani impi yaseNigeria-Biafra njengendaba yomlando eyimpikiswano ayizange ifundiswe ezikoleni zaseNigeria; umlando kanye nenkumbulo - lapho okwedlule kungabhekwanga, umlando uyaziphinda; ukuvuselelwa kwenhlangano yenkululeko ye-Biafra kanye nokwanda kwabantu boMdabu base-Biafra; futhi ekugcineni, impendulo kahulumeni wamanje kule nhlangano entsha kanye nempumelelo yenhlangano kuze kube manje.
Impi yaseNigeria-Biafra: Umsuka, imiphumela, kanye nobulungiswa benguquko yangemva kwempi
Ngemva kweminyaka eyisikhombisa iNigeria ithola inkululeko eGreat Britain ngo-1960, iNigeria yalwa nesinye sezifunda zayo ezibalulekile - isifunda esiseningizimu-mpumalanga - esisendaweni eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi iBiafraland. Impi yaseNigeria neBiafra yaqala ngo-July 7, 1967 futhi yaphela ngo-January 15, 1970. Ngenxa yolwazi lwami lwangaphambili ngosuku okwaqala ngalo impi, ngakhangwa usuku lokushicilela luka-July 7, 2017 lwesihloko sika-Egbejule esithi Washington Post. Ukushicilelwa kwayo kwaqondana nesikhumbuzo seminyaka engamashumi amahlanu yempi. Njengoba kuye kwalandiswa emibhalweni edumile, ezingxoxweni zabezindaba, nasemindenini, u-Egbejule ulandelela imbangela yempi kuze kufike ekubulaweni kwabantu base-Igbos enyakatho yeNigeria okwenzeka ngo-1953 nango-1966. Nakuba ngo-1953 ukubulawa kwabantu base-Igbos abahlala inyakatho yeNigeria yenzeka ngesikhathi sobukoloni, ngaphambi kwenkathi yenkululeko, isibhicongo sango-1966 sasingemva kwenkululeko yeNigeria ku-Great Britain, futhi isisusa sayo kanye nezenzakalo ezizungezile kungenzeka ukuthi kwaba abashayeli beseshini ye-Biafra ngo-1967.
Izigigaba ezimbili ezibalulekile ngaleso sikhathi kwaba ukuketulwa umbuso kukaJanuwari 15, 1966 okwahlelwa yiqembu lezikhulu zezempi elalibuswa amasosha ase-Igbo okwaholela ekubulaweni kohulumeni ophakeme wezempi kanye nezikhulu zezempi ikakhulukazi enyakatho yeNigeria okuhlanganisa abambalwa eningizimu. -basentshonalanga. Umphumela walokhu kuketulwa kwezempi kweqembu lesizwe samaHausa-Fulani enyakatho yeNigeria kanye nezisusa ezimbi ezingokomzwelo - intukuthelo nokudabuka - okwakugqugquzelwa ukubulawa kwabaholi babo kwakuyizisusa zokuvukela umbuso kaJulayi 1966. I-July 29, 1966 ukulwa nokuketulwa umbuso engikubiza ngokuthi ukuvukela umbuso ngokumelene nabaholi bezempi base-Igbo kwahlelwa futhi kwabulawa izikhulu zamasosha aseHausa-Fulani ezivela enyakatho yeNigeria futhi kwashiya inhloko yezwe laseNigeria (yemvelaphi yobu-Igbo) kanye nabaholi bezempi abaphezulu be-Igbo beshonile. . Futhi, ukuziphindiselela ngokubulawa kwabaholi bezempi basenyakatho ngo-January 1966, izakhamuzi eziningi zase-Igbo ezazihlala enyakatho yeNigeria ngesikhathi esithile zabulawa ngegazi elibandayo futhi izidumbu zazo zabuyiselwa empumalanga yeNigeria.
Kwakusekelwe kule ntuthuko embi eNigeria lapho uGeneral Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, owayengumbusi wezempi ngaleso sikhathi esifundeni esisempumalanga enquma ukumemezela ukuzimela kwe-Biafra. Impikiswano yakhe yayiwukuthi uma uhulumeni waseNigeria kanye nabezomthetho behlulekile ukuvikela ama-Igbos ahlala kwezinye izifunda - izifunda ezisenyakatho nentshonalanga - ngakho-ke kungcono ukuthi ama-Igbo abuyele esifundeni esisempumalanga lapho ezobe ephephile khona. Ngakho-ke, futhi ngokusekelwe ezincwadini ezitholakalayo, kunenkolelo yokuthi ukuhlukaniswa kweBiafra kwakubangelwa izizathu zokuphepha nokuvikeleka.
Ukumenyezelwa kokuzimela kweBiafra kwabangela impi echitha igazi eyathatha cishe iminyaka emithathu (kusukela ngoJulayi 7, 1967 kuya kuJanuwari 15, 1970), ngoba uhulumeni waseNigeria wawungafuni izwe laseBiafra elihlukile. Ngaphambi kokuphela kwempi ngo-1970, kulinganiselwa ukuthi kwafa abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezintathu futhi babulawa ngokuqondile noma babulawa indlala phakathi nempi iningi labo okwakuyizakhamuzi zaseBiafra kuhlanganise nezingane nabesifazane. Ukudala izimo zobumbano lwabo bonke abantu baseNigeria kanye nokwenza lula ukuhlanganiswa kabusha kwama-Biafra, inhloko yezempi yaseNigeria ngaleso sikhathi, uJenene Yakubu Gowon, wamemezela “akekho umnqobi, akekho onqotshiwe kodwa onqobile ngomqondo ophusile kanye nobunye beNigeria.” Okufakiwe kulesi simemezelo wuhlelo lwezobulungiswa lwesikhashana olwaziwa ngokuthi "ama-3Rs" - Ukubuyisana (Ukuhlanganiswa kabusha), Ukuvuselela kanye Nokwakha Kabusha. Ngeshwa, alukho uphenyo oluthenjwayo mayelana nokwephulwa okukhulu kwamalungelo abantu nobunye unya kanye nobugebengu obubhekiswe esintwini enziwa phakathi nempi. Kuke kwaba nezimo lapho imiphakathi yabulawa khona ngokuphelele ngesikhathi sempi yaseNigeria-Biafra, isibonelo, isibhicongo sase-Asaba e-Asaba esesifundazweni sanamuhla saseDelta. Akekho owabekwa icala ngalawa macala abhekiswe esintwini.
Umlando Nenkumbulo: Imiphumela yokungabheki okwedlule - umlando uyaziphinda
Ngenxa yokuthi uhlelo lwezobulungiswa lwesikhashana lwangemva kwempi lwalungasebenzi kahle, futhi lwehluleka ukubhekana nokuhlukunyezwa kwamalungelo abantu kanye nobugebengu bokuqothula isizwe obenzeka kubantu baseningizimu-mpumalanga phakathi nempi, izinkumbulo ezibuhlungu zempi zisasha ezingqondweni zabaningi baseBiafra ngisho neminyaka engamashumi amahlanu kamuva. Abasinde ezimpini kanye nemindeni yabo basahlushwa yizizukulwane ezihlukene. Ngaphezu kokuhlukumezeka nokulangazelela ubulungisa, ama-Igbo aseningizimu-mpumalanga yeNigeria azizwa ekhishwe inyumbazane ngokuphelele uhulumeni wobumbano waseNigeria. Selokhu kwaphela impi, akukaze kube khona umongameli wama-Igbo eNigeria. INigeria isibuswe iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amane amaHausa-Fulani asenyakatho kanye namaYoruba asuka eningizimu-ntshonalanga. Ama-Igbo anomuzwa wokuthi asajeziswa ngenxa yeseshini ehoxisiwe ye-Biafra.
Uma kubhekwa ukuthi abantu bavota ngokwezinhlanga eNigeria, mancane amathuba okuthi amaHausa-Fulani akha iningi eNigeria kanye namaYoruba (iningi lesibili) avotele umuntu ozongenela ukhetho lukamongameli we-Igbo. Lokhu kwenza ama-Igbo azizwe ekhungathekile. Ngenxa yalezi zinkinga, futhi uma kubhekwa ukuthi uhulumeni wobumbano wehlulekile ukubhekana nezinkinga zentuthuko eningizimu-mpumalanga, amagagasi amasha okuyaluza kanye nesimemo esivuselelwe sokunye ukuzimela kwe-Biafra kuye kwavela kokubili esifundeni nangaphakathi kwemiphakathi ehlala kwamanye amazwe.
Imfundo Yomlando - Ukufundisa ngezindaba eziyimpikiswano ezikoleni - kungani impi yaseNigeria-Biafra ingazange ifundiswe ezikoleni?
Enye indikimba ethokozisayo ehambisana kakhulu nesiyaluyalu esivuselelwe ukuzimela kwe-Biafra imfundo yomlando. Kusukela ekupheleni kwempi yaseNigeria-Biafra, imfundo yomlando yasuswa ezinhlelweni zesikole. Izakhamizi zaseNigeria ezazalwa ngemva kwempi (ngo-1970) azizange zifundiswe umlando emakilasini esikole. Futhi, ingxoxo ngempi yaseNigeria-Biafra yathathwa esidlangalaleni njengento engafanele. Ngakho-ke, igama elithi "Biafra" kanye nomlando wempi bazibophezele ekuthuleni okuphakade ngokusebenzisa izinqubomgomo zokukhohlwa ezisetshenziswe ngabashiqela bezempi baseNigeria. Kwaze kwaba ngo-1999 ngemva kokubuya kwentando yeningi eNigeria lapho izakhamuzi zakhululeka kancane ukuxoxa ngezindaba ezinjengalezi. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuntuleka kolwazi olunembile ngalokho okwenzeka ngempela ngaphambili, phakathi nangemva nje kwempi, njengoba imfundo yomlando ayizange ifundiswe emakilasini aseNigeria kuze kube yisikhathi sokubhala leli phepha (ngoJulayi 2017), ukulandisa okungqubuzana kakhulu nokuhlukanisayo kuningi. . Lokhu kwenza izindaba ezimayelana ne-Biafra zibe yimpikiswano kakhulu futhi zibe bucayi kakhulu eNigeria.
Ukuvuselelwa kwenhlangano yenkululeko ye-Biafra kanye nokukhuphuka kwabantu bomdabu base-Biafra
Wonke amaphuzu ashiwo ngenhla - ukwehluleka kobulungiswa benguquko yangemva kwempi, ukuhlukumezeka okwedlulele, ukususwa kwemfundo yomlando ezifundweni zesikole eNigeria ngokusebenzisa izinqubomgomo zokukhohlwa - kuye kwadala izimo zokuvuselela nokuvuselela ukuhlukumezeka kwakudala kokuzimela kwe-Biafra. . Nakuba abadlali, isimo sezombangazwe, kanye nezizathu kungase kuhluke, umgomo nenkulumo-ze kusafana. Ama-Igbos athi ayizisulu zobudlelwane obungafanele nempatho kulesi sikhungo. Ngakho-ke, ukuzimela okuphelele eNigeria kuyisixazululo esifanele.
Kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo-2000, amagagasi amasha okuyaluza aqala. Inhlangano yokuqala yezenhlalakahle engenalo udlame ukuthola ukunakwa komphakathi i-Movement for the Actualisation of the Sovereign State of Biafra (MASSOB) eyakhiwe ngu-Ralph Uwazuruike, ummeli owaqeqeshwa e-India. Nakuba imisebenzi ye-MASSOB iholele ekubhekaneni nabomthetho ngezikhathi ezahlukene kanye nokuboshwa komholi wayo, ithole ukunakwa okuncane kwabezindaba nomphakathi wamazwe ngamazwe. Ukukhathazeka ngokuthi iphupho lokuzimela kwe-Biafra ngeke ligcwaliseke ngo-MASSOB, uNnamdi Kanu, waseNigeria-waseBrithani ozinze eLondon futhi owazalwa ekupheleni kwempi yaseNigeria-Biafra ngo-1970 wanquma ukusebenzisa indlela yokuxhumana evelayo, inkundla yezokuxhumana, kanye nemisakazo eku-inthanethi ukuze iqhube izigidi zezishoshovu ezilwela inkululeko ye-Biafra, abalandeli kanye nabazwelana naye emsebenzini wakhe we-Biafra.
Lokhu kube umnyakazo okhaliphile ngoba igama, Umsakazo Biafra ingokomfanekiso kakhulu. IRadio Biafra kwakuyigama lesiteshi somsakazo sikazwelonke sesifunda sase-Biafra esasingasekho, futhi yasebenza kusukela ngo-1967 kuya ku-1970. Ngaleso sikhathi, yayisetshenziselwa ukukhuthaza ukulandisa kobuzwe be-Igbo emhlabeni wonke kanye nokubumba ukwazi kwe-Igbo ngaphakathi kwesifunda. Kusukela ngo-2009, i-Radio Biafra entsha yasakazwa ku-inthanethi ivela e-London, futhi isidonsele izigidi zabalaleli be-Igbo kunkulumo-ze yayo yobuzwe. Ukuze adonse ukunaka kukahulumeni waseNigeria, umqondisi weRadio Biafra kanye nozibize njengomholi we-Indigenous People of Biafra, uMnu. Nnamdi Kanu, banquma ukusebenzisa izinkulumo nezinkulumo ezicasulayo, ezinye zazo ezibhekwa njengenkulumo enenzondo nokugqugquzela. ebudloveni nasempini. Ubelokhu esakaza imisakazo eveza iNigeria njengezu futhi abantu baseNigeria njengezilwane ezingenangqondo. Isibhengezo sekhasi le-Facebook lomsakazo wakhe kanye nesizindalwazi sifundeka kanje: “I-zoo ebizwa ngeNigeria.” Ucele ukuhlinzekwa kwezikhali nezinhlamvu ukuze kuliwe nabantu baseHausa-Fulani enyakatho uma bephikisana nokuzimela kweBiafra, wathi kulokhu, iBiafra izoyinqoba iNigeria empini.
Ukusabela kukaHulumeni kanye nempumelelo yombutho kuze kube manje
Ngenxa yenkulumo enenzondo nodlame oludala imiyalezo ayeyisabalalisa ngeRadio Biafra, uNnamdi Kanu waboshwa ngo-Okthoba 2015 lapho ebuyela eNigeria yi-State Security Service (SSS). Wagqunywa esitokisini wadedelwa ngo-April 2017 ngebheyili. Ukuboshwa kwakhe kwabeka icala eNigeria kanye nakwamanye amazwe angaphandle, futhi abalandeli bakhe babhikisha ezifundazweni ezahlukene bephikisana nokuboshwa kwakhe. Isinqumo sikaMengameli uBuhari sokuyalela ukuboshwa kukaMnu. Kanu kanye nemibhikisho eyalandela ukuboshwa kwaholela ekusabalaleni ngokushesha kwenhlangano elwela inkululeko ye-Biafra. Ngemuva kokukhululwa kwakhe ngo-Ephreli 2017, uKanu ubelokhu eseningizimu-mpumalanga yeNigeria efuna inhlolovo ezovula indlela yomthetho yokuzimela kwe-Biafra.
Ngaphezu kokusekelwa inhlangano elwela inkululeko ezuzwe yi-Biafra, imisebenzi ye-Kanu ngomsakazo wakhe i-Biafra kanye ne-Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB) igqugquzele inkulumompikiswano kazwelonke mayelana nemvelo yesakhiwo sombuso waseNigeria. Ezinye izizwe eziningi kanye nama-Igbo athile angakusekeli ukuzimela kwe-Biafra bahlongoza uhlelo lukahulumeni oluhlukaniseke kakhudlwana lapho izifunda noma izifunda ziyoba nokuzimela ngokwezimali okwengeziwe ukuze zilawule izindaba zazo futhi zikhokhe ingxenye efanelekile yentela kuhulumeni wobumbano. .
Ukuhlaziywa kweHermeneutic: Yini esingayifunda ezifundweni zezinhlangano zomphakathi?
Umlando usifundisa ukuthi izinhlangano zomphakathi zidlale indima ebalulekile ekwenzeni izinguquko zesakhiwo nenqubomgomo emazweni emhlabeni jikelele. Kusukela enhlanganweni yokuqeda nya ukuya enhlanganweni Yamalungelo Abantu kanye nakunhlangano yamanje ye-Black Lives Matter e-United States, noma ukukhuphuka nokusabalala kwe-Arab Spring eMpumalanga Ephakathi, kukhona okuhlukile kuyo yonke imibutho yomphakathi: ikhono labo lokuzikhandla nangokuzimisela. khuluma ngokungesabi futhi udonsele ukunaka komphakathi ezimfuno zabo zobulungiswa nokulingana noma izinguquko zesakhiwo nenqubomgomo. Njengezinhlangano zomphakathi eziphumelelayo noma ezingaphumeleli emhlabeni jikelele, inhlangano ye-pro-Biafra yokuzimela ngaphansi kwesambulela se-Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB) iphumelele ukudonsela ukunaka komphakathi ezimfuno zabo kanye nokuheha izigidi zabasekeli nabazwelayo.
Izizathu eziningi zingachaza ukuphakama kwazo esigabeni esimaphakathi senkulumompikiswano yomphakathi kazwelonke kanye namakhasi okuqala amaphephandaba amakhulu. Okubalulekile kuzo zonke izincazelo ezinganikezwa umqondo "womsebenzi wemizwa yokunyakaza". Ngenxa yokuthi okuhlangenwe nakho kwempi yaseNigeria-Biafra kwasiza ekubumbeni umlando ohlangene kanye nenkumbulo yeqembu lesizwe sama-Igbo, kulula ukubona ukuthi imizwa ibe nomthelela kanjani ekusakazeni umbutho wenkululeko we-pro-Biafra. Lapho bethola futhi bebuka amavidiyo okubulawa kwabantu okunyantisayo nokufa kwama-Igbos phakathi nempi, abantu baseNigeria abadabuka e-Igbo abazalwa ngemva kwempi yaseNigeria-Biafra bazothukuthela, badabuke, bashaqeke, futhi bazonda amaHausa-Fulani ase- enyakatho. Abaholi boMdabu baseBiafra bayakwazi lokho. Kungakho bafaka izithombe namavidiyo asabekayo kangaka empi yaseNigeria-Biafra emilayezweni yabo nasenkulumweni-ze njengezizathu zokuthi kungani befuna ukuzimela.
Ukuvuswa kwale mizwa, imizwa noma imizwa enamandla kuvame ukufiphaza futhi kucindezele inkulumo-mpikiswano kazwelonke ephusile odabeni lwe-Biafra. Njengoba izishoshovu zokuzimela ze-pro-Biafra ziphakamisa isimo esithintekayo samalungu azo, abalandeli nabazwelana nabo, baphinde babhekane futhi bacindezele imizwa engemihle eqondiswe kubo amaHausa-Fulani nabanye abangasekeli ukunyakaza kwabo. Isibonelo yisaziso sokuxoshwa sikaJuni 6, 2017 esinikezwe ama-Igbos ahlala enyakatho yeNigeria yinhlangano yamaqembu entsha esenyakatho ngaphansi kwesambulela se-Arewa Youth Consultative Forum. Isaziso sokuxoshwa siyalela wonke ama-Igbo ahlala kuzo zonke izifundazwe ezisenyakatho yeNigeria ukuthi aphume zingakapheli izinyanga ezintathu futhi sicela ukuthi wonke amaHausa-Fulani ezifundazweni ezisempumalanga yeNigeria kufanele abuyele enyakatho. Leli qembu lasho ngokusobala ukuthi lizobandakanyeka ezenzweni zodlame olubhekiswe kuma-Igbos anqabayo ukuthobela isaziso sokuxoshwa futhi athuthe ngo-Okthoba 1, 2017.
Lezi zenzakalo ezenzeka eNigeria ehlukene ngokwenkolo nangenkolo ziveza ukuthi ukuze izishoshovu zenhlangano yezenhlalakahle ziqhubeke nokuyaluza kwazo futhi mhlawumbe ziphumelele, kuzodingeka zifunde ukuthi zingagqugquzeli kanjani imizwa nemizwa ukuze zisekele i-ajenda yazo, kodwa nokuthi zingayicindezela futhi zibhekane kanjani nazo. ngemizwa ebhekiswe kubo.
I-Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB)'s Agitation for the Independence of Biafra: Izindleko Nezinzuzo
Ukuyaluza okuqhubekayo kwenkululeko ye-Biafra kungachazwa njengohlamvu lwemali olunezinhlangothi ezimbili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi kubhalwe umklomelo okhokhelwe isizwe sama-Igbo noma ozokhokhela isiyaluyalu sokuzimela kwe-Biafra. Ngakolunye uhlangothi kuqoshwe izinzuzo zokuletha izindaba ze-Biafra emphakathini ukuze kube nengxoxo kazwelonke.
Ama-Igbo amaningi kanye nabanye abantu baseNigeria sebevele bawukhokhile umklomelo wokuqala walesiyaluyalu futhi bahlanganisa nokufa kwezigidi zabantu baseBiafra nabanye abantu baseNigeria ngaphambi, phakathi nangemva kwempi yaseNigeria-Biafra ka-1967-1970; ukucekelwa phansi kwempahla nezinye izingqalasizinda; indlala kanye nokuqubuka kwe-kwashiorkor (isifo esibi esibangelwa indlala); ukungafakwa kwezombusazwe kwama-Igbo esigungwini esiphezulu sikahulumeni; ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi nobumpofu; ukuphazamiseka kohlelo lwezemfundo; ukufuduka okuphoqelelwe okuholela ekuchithekeni kobuchopho esifundeni; ukungathuthuki; inkinga yokunakekelwa kwezempilo; ukuhlukumezeka kwe-transgenerational, njalonjalo.
Isiyaluyalu samanje senkululeko ye-Biafra siza nemiphumela eminingi esizweni sama-Igbo. Lokhu akukhawulelwe ekuhlukaneni phakathi kwezizwe phakathi kweqembu le-Igbo phakathi kweqembu elizimele elisekela i-Biafra kanye neqembu elimele ukuzimela kwe-Biafra; ukuphazamiseka kohlelo lwezemfundo ngenxa yokuzibandakanya kwentsha emibhikishweni; izinsongo zokuthula nokuvikeleka ngaphakathi kwesifunda okuzovimbela abatshalizimali bangaphandle noma bakwamanye amazwe ukuthi beze bezotshala izimali ezifundazweni eziseningizimu-mpumalanga kanye nokuvimbela izivakashi ukuba ziye emazweni aseningizimu-mpumalanga; ukwehla komnotho; ukuvela kwamanethiwekhi obugebengu angaduna inhlangano engenalo udlame yezenzo zobugebengu; ukubhekana nengalo yomthetho okungaholela ekufeni kwababhikishi njengoba kwenzeka ngasekupheleni kuka-2015 nango-2016; ukuncishiswa kokuthenjwa kwe-Hausa-Fulani noma kwe-Yoruba kumuntu ongase abe yi-Igbo okhethweni lukamongameli eNigeria okuzokwenza ukhetho lukamongameli wase-Igbo waseNigeria lube nzima kakhulu kunangaphambili.
Phakathi kwezinzuzo eziningi zenkulumo-mpikiswano kazwelonke mayelana nokuyaluza kwenkululeko ye-Biafra, kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi abantu baseNigeria bangabona lokhu njengethuba elihle lokuba nengxoxo ezuzisayo ngendlela uhulumeni wobumbano akhiwe ngayo. Okudingekayo manje akukhona ukuphikisana okulimazayo mayelana nokuthi ubani isitha noma ukuthi ubani olungile noma ongalungile; kunalokho okudingekayo yingxoxo eyakhayo yokuthi ungakha kanjani izwe laseNigeria elibandakanya wonke umuntu, elinenhlonipho, elilinganayo futhi elilungile.
Mhlawumbe, indlela engcono kakhulu yokuqala ukubuyekezwa umbiko obalulekile kanye nezincomo ezivela ku-2014 National Dialogue ebizwe ngabaphathi bakaGoodluck Jonathan futhi ihanjelwe ngabameleli be-498 abavela kuzo zonke izinhlanga eNigeria. Njengezinye izingqungquthela kazwelonke eziningi ezibalulekile noma izingxoxo eNigeria, izincomo ezivela ku-2014 National Dialogue azizange zisetshenziswe. Mhlawumbe, lesi yisikhathi esifanele sokuhlola lo mbiko futhi siqhamuke nemibono esebenzayo nenokuthula mayelana nendlela yokuzuza ukubuyisana nobumbano lwesizwe ngaphandle kokukhohlwa ukubhekana nezindaba ezithinta ukungabi nabulungisa.
Njengoba u-Angela Davis, isishoshovu samalungelo abantu saseMelika, ehlale esho, “okudingekayo wushintsho oluhlelekile ngoba izenzo zomuntu zizodwa ngeke zixazulule izinkinga.” Ngikholwa ukuthi izinguquko zenqubomgomo eziqotho nezinenjongo kusukela ezingeni likahulumeni kanye nokudlulela ezifundazweni kuzohamba indlela ende ekubuyiseleni ukuzethemba kwezakhamizi ezweni laseNigeria. Ekuhlaziyeni okokugcina, ukuze zikwazi ukuhlalisana ngokuthula nangokuzwana, izakhamuzi zaseNigeria kufanele futhi zibhekane nenkinga yemibono engaguquki kanye nokusolana phakathi naphakathi kwamaqembu ezinhlanga nezenkolo eNigeria.
Umbhali, UDkt. Basil Ugorji, unguMongameli kanye ne-CEO ye-International Centre for Ethno-Religious Mediation. Uthole iPh.D. ekuhlaziyeni nasekuxazululeni izingxabano ezivela eMnyangweni Wezifundo Zokuxazululwa Kwezingxabano, Ikolishi Lezobuciko, Ezabantu Nesayensi Yezenhlalakahle, iNova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida.
