Ukuvula Ekuqwashiseni: Ukuhlola ukuthi Ukuqaphela Nokuzindla Kungathuthukisa kanjani Isipiliyoni Sokulamula

Abstract:

Uma kubhekwa isiko lobuBuddha elithathe iminyaka engaphezu kuka-2,500, elisekelwe ezimfundisweni zikaBuddha ngokuhlupheka nokuqedwa kwakho kanye nasenkathini enganqamuki yokusetshenziswa okungokoqobo okubanzi, uhlaka lwamaBuddha luyaqhubeka nokunikeza ukuqonda okujulile kokusebenza kwengqondo yomuntu. kanye nenhliziyo njengoba kuhlobana nokuvela nokuguqulwa kodweshu. Lishunyekwe ekuhlangenwe nakho okusebenzayo kwababhali kanye nolwazi lwethiyori njengabalamuli, abaqeqeshi, nabafundi bezokuzindla, leli phepha lizohlola igalelo lobuBuddha ekuguquleni izingxabano, ikakhulukazi ezilungiselelweni zokulamula, ngokuhlola indlela amaBuddha okuqonda ngayo ingqondo esesimweni somuntu kanye namandla ayo okuguqula. ngokuqwashisa ngokuzindla kungaphelelisa izindlela zaseNtshonalanga zokulamula nokungqubuzana. Okukhona kule ndlela yokufundisa inkolelo-mbono yokuthi ukuguqulwa kwezingxabano akudingi nje ukugxila ekuguquleni izinhlelo nezakhiwo, kodwa futhi nasekugcizeleleni nasekunikezeni amandla umuntu ngamunye ukuze aqonde izinqubo zomqondo womuntu ezingase ziholele ekwakhiweni kokwehlukana okuholela ekungqubuzaneni okubhubhisayo, futhi ukuthi lezi zakhiwo zingahlakazeka kanjani, mathupha naphakathi kwabantu, ukuze zilethe izehlakalo zenguquko (Spears, 1997). Ngakho-ke, leli phepha lihlola ukuxhumana kwamaBuddha phakathi kwezingxabano ezibhubhisayo kanye nokwakhiwa komqondo womuntu kokuhlukana okudala ukuzihlukanisa ngokwengqondo, ukungazethembi, nokunganeliseki, ukuhlukana okubonisa ukuhlupheka. Iphinde ihlole ukuthi lokhu kuhlupheka kungadalulwa noma kuqedwe kanjani ngokusebenzisa ingqondo nokuzindla okuletha ukuqwashisa ngemvelo yethu yangempela njengezidalwa ezixhumene ngokuyisisekelo nezincikene. Lapho umbono womuntu siqu njengozimele ngokuhluka kwabanye futhi ngokumelene nabanye (njengoba kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokungqubuzana okulimazayo) uphelelwa amandla, ukungqubuzana kubonakala ngenye indlela futhi ukuguqulwa kwangempela ebudlelwaneni nasezindleleni zethu zokubhekana nezinkinga zingenzeka. Ngokusekelwe ezimisweni zamaBuddha esezihloliwe isikhathi eside, kuleli phepha sizohlola: (1) lokho ubuBuddha obukubuka njengomthombo wokuhlangenwe nakho kwethu kobuntu kokunganeliseki komuntu siqu nokungavumelani okulimazayo; (2) lokho okusikiselwa ubuBuddha ekubhekaneni nokuthambekela kwethu kokuzehlukanisa nezimo zethu siqu nezinye; kanye (3) nokuthi umkhuba wokungena kanye nokwandisa ukuqwashisa ungasisiza kanjani ebudlelwaneni bethu nabanye abantu ukuze sibone ukungaboni ngaso linye kanye nomthombo wako ngendlela ehlukile.

Funda noma landa iphepha eligcwele:

Mauer, Katharina; Applebaum, Martin (2019). Ukuvula Ekuqwashiseni: Ukuhlola ukuthi Ukuqaphela Nokuzindla Kungathuthukisa kanjani Isipiliyoni Sokulamula

Ijenali Yokuphila Ndawonye, ​​6 (1), amakhasi 75-85, 2019, ISSN: 2373-6615 (Phrinta); 2373-6631 (Ku-inthanethi).

@Isihloko{Mauer2019
Isihloko = {Ukuvula Ngokuqwashisa: Ukuhlola ukuthi Ukucabangela Nokuzindla Kungawuthuthukisa Kanjani Umuzwa Wokulamula }
Umbhali = {Katharina Mauer no-Martin Applebaum}
I-Url = {https://icermediation.org/mindfulness-and-mediation/}
I-ISSN = {2373-6615 (Phrinta); 2373-6631 (Ku-inthanethi)}
Unyaka = {2019}
Idethi = {2019-12-18}
Ijenali = {Journal of Living Together}
Ivolumu = {6}
Inombolo = {1}
Amakhasi = {75-85}
Umshicileli = {Isikhungo Samazwe Ngamazwe Sokulamula Kwe-Ethno-Religious}
Ikheli = {Mount Vernon, New York}
Uhlelo = {2019}.

Ungahlukıselana

Izihloko ezihlobene Nalesi

Izinkolo e-Igboland: Ukuhlukahluka, Ukufaneleka kanye Nokufaneleka

Inkolo ingesinye sezimo zezenhlalo nezomnotho esinomthelela ongenakuphikwa esintwini noma kuphi emhlabeni. Njengoba kubukeka kungcwele, inkolo ayibalulekile nje kuphela ekuqondeni ukuba khona kwanoma iyiphi isibalo sabantu bomdabu kodwa iphinde ibe nokuhambisana nenqubomgomo ezimweni ezihlukene nezokuthuthuka. Ubufakazi bomlando kanye ne-ethnographic mayelana nokubonakaliswa okuhlukene kanye nezigaba zamagama zesenzakalo senkolo buningi. Isizwe sama-Igbo eNingizimu neNigeria, ezinhlangothini zombili zoMfula iNiger, singelinye lamaqembu amasiko osomabhizinisi abamnyama abakhulu kunawo wonke e-Afrika, anentshiseko yezenkolo engenakuphikiswa ehlanganisa intuthuko esimeme kanye nokusebenzisana phakathi kwezizwe phakathi kwemingcele yaso yendabuko. Kodwa isimo sezenkolo sase-Igboland sishintsha njalo. Kuze kube ngu-1840, inkolo/izinkolo ezivelele zama-Igbo kwakungezomdabu noma zendabuko. Esikhathini esingaphansi kwamashumi amabili eminyaka kamuva, lapho umsebenzi wezithunywa zevangeli zobuKristu uqala endaweni, kwavulwa ibutho elisha elalizogcina lilungise kabusha inkolo yendabuko yendawo. UbuKristu bakhula baba mncane ukubusa kwakamuva. Ngaphambi kweminyaka eyikhulu yobuKristu e-Igboland, inkolo yobuSulumane kanye nezinye izinkolo ezingezona ezemvelo zavela ukuze ziqhudelane nezinkolo zomdabu zase-Igbo kanye nobuKristu. Leli phepha lilandelela ukuhlukahluka kwezenkolo kanye nokuhambisana kwakho nokusebenza ekuthuthukisweni okuvumelanayo e-Igboland. Idonsa idatha yayo emisebenzini eshicilelwe, izingxoxo, nezinto zobuciko. Iphikisana ngokuthi njengoba izinkolo ezintsha zivela, indawo yezenkolo yama-Igbo izoqhubeka nokuhlukahluka kanye/noma ukuzivumelanisa, noma ukuhlanganisa noma ukuhluka phakathi kwezinkolo ezikhona nezisafufusa, ukuze kuphile ama-Igbo.

Ungahlukıselana

Ukuguqulelwa ku-Islam kanye ne-Ethnic Nationalism e-Malaysia

Leli phepha liyingxenye yephrojekthi enkulu yocwaningo egxile ekukhuleni kobuzwe baseMalay kanye nokuphakama eMalaysia. Nakuba ukwanda kobuzwe baseMalay kungabangelwa izici ezihlukahlukene, leli phepha ligxile ngokukhethekile emthethweni wokuguqulwa kwamaSulumane e-Malaysia kanye nokuthi ingabe uqinise noma cha imizwa yobukhulu bobuzwe baseMalay. IMalaysia iyizwe elinezinhlanga eziningi futhi elinezinkolo eziningi elathola inkululeko yalo ngo-1957 kumaBritish. Abantu baseMalay beyisizwe esikhulu kunazo zonke bebelokhu bebheka inkolo yobuSulumane njengengxenye nengxenye yobuntu babo obubehlukanisa nezinye izizwe ezalethwa ezweni ngesikhathi sombuso wamakoloni wamaNgisi. Nakuba inkolo yobuSulumane iyinkolo esemthethweni, uMthethosisekelo uvumela ukuba ezinye izinkolo zenziwe ngokuthula abantu baseMalaysia okungewona amaMalay, okungamaShayina namaNdiya. Kodwa-ke, umthetho wamaSulumane olawula imishado yamaSulumane eMalaysia ugunyaze ukuthi abangewona amaSulumane kumele baguqukele ku-Islam uma befisa ukushada namaSulumane. Kuleli phepha, ngiphikisa ukuthi umthetho wokuguqulwa kwamaSulumane usetshenziswe njengethuluzi lokuqinisa imizwa yobuzwe baseMalay eMalaysia. Idatha yokuqala yaqoqwa ngokusekelwe ezingxoxweni namaSulumane aseMalay ashade nabangewona amaMalay. Imiphumela ibonise ukuthi iningi labantu okwaxoxwa nabo baseMalay babheka ukuguqukela ku-Islam njengokubalulekile njengoba kudingwa yinkolo yamaSulumane nomthetho wezwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, futhi abasiboni isizathu sokuthi kungani abantu abangewona amaMalay bengafuni ukuguqukela enkolweni yobuSulumane, njengoba ngesikhathi somshado, izingane zizothathwa ngokuzenzakalelayo njengamaMalay njengokusho koMthethosisekelo, nawo oza nesimo namalungelo. Imibono yabangewona amaMalay abaguqukele ku-Islam yayisekelwe ezingxoxweni zesibili eziye zenziwa ezinye izazi. Njengoba ukuba umSulumane kuhlotshaniswa nokuba umMalay, abantu abaningi abangewona amaMalay abaguqukile bazizwa bephucwe umuzwa wabo wenkolo nobuzwe, futhi bazizwa becindezelwa ukuba bamukele isiko lamaMalay. Nakuba ukushintsha umthetho wokuguqulwa kungase kube nzima, izingxoxo ezivulekile zokuhlangana kwezinkolo ezikoleni nasezimbonini zomphakathi kungase kube isinyathelo sokuqala sokubhekana nale nkinga.

Ungahlukıselana