I-Grassroots Initiatives Toward Peace in Rural America

Inkulumo ka-Becky J. Benes

Ngu-Becky J. Benes, i-CEO ye-Oneness of Life, Isikhulumi Esiguquguqukayo Sokuthuthukiswa Kobuholi Obuyiqiniso Nengqondo kanye Nomqeqeshi Webhizinisi Lomhlaba Wonke Wabesifazane

Isingeniso

Kusukela ngo-2007, ngisebenze ngokuzikhandla namaNxusa Okuthula aseNtshonalanga Texas ukunikeza izinhlelo zemfundo emphakathini wethu emzamweni wokuqeda izinganekwane ezilimazayo ngezinkolo zomhlaba ezisakaza inzondo, ukungaqondi kahle nokuqhubeka nokulwa nobuJuda kanye ne-Islamic-phobia emaphandleni aseMelika. Isu lethu ukuhlinzeka ngezinhlelo zemfundo ezisezingeni eliphezulu kanye nokuhlanganisa abantu bamanye amasiko enkolo ukuze baxoxe ngezinkolelo zabo ezifanayo, izimiso zokuziphatha kanye nemithetho yenkolo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqonda kanye nokwakha ubudlelwano. Ngizokwethula izinhlelo namasu ethu aphumelele kakhulu; ukuthi sakhe kanjani ubudlelwano kanye nokusebenzisana nabantu abanethonya kanye nemithombo yezindaba yethu yasendaweni; kanye neminye imithelela ehlala njalo esiyibonile. 

Izinhlelo Zezemfundo Eziphumelelayo

Iqembu Lokholo

I-Faith club iyiklabhu yamasonto onke exube izinkolo eyagqugquzelwa futhi yaqanjwa ngale ncwadi, I-Faith Club: UmSulumane, UmKristu, UmJuda-Abesifazane Abathathu Bafuna Ukuqonda, nguRanya Idliby, uSuzanne Oliver, noPriscilla Warner. Iqembu Lokholo selihlangane iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10 futhi selifunde izincwadi ezingaphezu kuka-34 ngezinkolo zomhlaba kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlanganisa izinkolo nokuthula. Ubulungu bethu buhlanganisa abantu bayo yonke iminyaka, izinhlanga, izinkolo, amahlelo abathanda ukukhula noshintsho; bazimisele ukubuza imibuzo eyinselele ngabo kanye nabanye; futhi abavulekele ukuba nezingxoxo ezizwakalayo, ezithembekile nezisuka enhliziyweni. Esigxile kukho ukufunda nokuxoxisana ngezincwadi ezimayelana nezindaba zomhlaba jikelele nezendawo eziphathelene nezinkolo zomhlaba kanye nokunikeza inkundla yokuvusa izingxoxo nokuxoxisana nokufunda mayelana nokufana nokuhlukana phakathi kwezinkolo ezihlukahlukene. Izincwadi eziningi esizikhethile zisigqugquzele ukuthi sithathe isinyathelo futhi sibambe iqhaza ezinhlelweni eziningi zomphakathi ezivule umnyango wokuqonda nokwakha ubungane obuhlala njalo nabantu abahlukahlukene kanye namasiko enkolo ahlukene.

Ngikholwa ukuthi impumelelo yale kilabhu kube ukuzibophezela kwethu ekuvuleni izingxoxo, ukuhlonipha imibono yabanye nokuqeda noma yiziphi izinkulumo eziphambene okusho ukuthi, sabelana ngemibono yethu siqu kuphela, imibono, kanye nolwazi lwethu ngezitatimende zami. Siyaqaphela ukuthi singaguquleli muntu endleleni yethu yokucabanga noma izinkolelo zethu futhi sigwema ukwenza izitatimende ezingasho lutho ngamahlelo, amahlelo, ubuzwe kanye namaqembu ezombusazwe. Uma kudingeka siletha abalamuli abangongoti ukuze basisize sigcine ubuqotho beqembu ngenkathi sidingida izindaba eziyimpikiswano. 

Ekuqaleni sasinomsizi osethi wencwadi ngayinye owayefika elungiselelwe nezihloko zengxoxo zokufundwa kwesonto. Lokhu bekungasimeme futhi bekudinga kakhulu kubagqugquzeli. Manje sesiyifunda ngokuzwakalayo incwadi futhi sivula ingxoxo ngemva kokuba umuntu ngamunye efunde ingxenye ethile yencwadi. Lokhu kuthatha isikhathi esengeziwe ngencwadi ngayinye; nokho-ke, izingxoxo zibonakala zijula ​​futhi zidlulela ngaphezu kobubanzi bencwadi. Sisenabagqugquzeli isonto ngalinye abazohola izingxoxo futhi baqinisekise ukuthi wonke amalungu ayalalelwa futhi bagcine izingxoxo zisendaweni eyodwa. Abagqugquzeli bayaqaphela amalungu eqembu athule kakhudlwana futhi bawadonsele engxoxweni ukuze amalungu ajabule kakhulu angabuzi ingxoxo. 

Iqembu le-Faith Club Book Studies

Inkathi Yokuthula Yonyaka

I-Annual Season of Peace yagqugquzelwa yi-Unity 11 Days of Global Peace ngo-2008. Le sizini yaqala ngoSepthemba 11.th futhi yaqhubeka kwaze kwaba uSuku Lomkhuleko Lomhlaba Wonke ngoSepthemba 21st futhi yayigxile ekuhlonipheni wonke amasiko enkolo. Sidale umcimbi we-11 Day of Global Peace ohlanganisa abantu bendawo bamasiko enkolo ahlukene phakathi nenkathi yezinsuku eziyi-11: UmHindu, umJuda, umBuddha, uBaha'i, umKristu, iMelika YaseMelika, kanye nephaneli yabesifazane. Umuntu ngamunye wenze isethulo ngokholo lwakhe futhi wakhuluma ngezimiso ezifanayo ezabiwa yibo bonke, abaningi babo bahlanganyela ingoma kanye/noma umthandazo. Iphephandaba lethu lendawo lihlabeke umxhwele lasinikeza izindaba ezikhuluma ngomethuli ngamunye ekhasini lokuqala. Kwaba yimpumelelo enkulu, leli phephandaba laqhubeka nokusekela imizamo yethu minyaka yonke. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi amalungu eNxusa Lokuthula laseWest Texas abhale izindatshana mahhala ephepheni. Lokhu kudale i-win/win/win yabo bonke. Iphepha lithole ama-athikili ekhwalithi ahambisana nezithameli zendawo mahhala, sathola ukuchayeka kanye nekhredithi futhi umphakathi wathola ulwazi oluyiqiniso. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqaphela ukuthi uma ukungezwani kushubile emphakathini wakini mayelana neqembu elithile lobuzwe/lenkolo kubalulekile ukuba nokuvikeleka emicimbini yakho. 

Kusukela ngo-2008, siye sahlela futhi saletha Imicimbi Yokuthula Yezinsuku Eziyi-10, 11. Isizini ngayinye igqugquzelwe izihloko nemicimbi yamanje yomhlaba, yezwe noma yendawo. Futhi phakathi nenkathi ngayinye, lapho kufaneleka, sasimema umphakathi ukuthi uvule izinkonzo zomkhuleko esinagogeni lendawo kanye nasemicimbini emibili yonyaka, lapho sasikwazi ukufinyelela ku-imam wamaSulumane, sasiba nezikhathi zomkhuleko zomphakathi wamaSulumane futhi sigubhe i-Eid. Lezi zinsizakalo zithandwa kakhulu futhi zihanjelwa kakhulu. 

Nazi izingqikithi ezimbalwa zeZinkathi Zonyaka:

  • Ukufinyelela Ekufinyeleleni: Woza ufunde ukuthi isiko lenkolo ngalinye “Lifinyelela kanjani” ngomthandazo, ukuzindla nokuzindla futhi “Ukufinyelela” emphakathini ngenkonzo nangobulungisa.
  • Ukuthula Kuqala Ngami: Lesi sikhathi sonyaka sigxile endimeni yethu ngabanye ekudaleni ukuthula kwangaphakathi, ngokubuza imibuzo kanye nokungena enkolweni yabantu abadala. Isikhulumi sethu esiqavile kule sizini bekunguDkt. Helen Rose Ebaugh, uSolwazi Wezenkolo Zomhlaba waseNyuvesi yaseHouston futhi wethula, Amagama KaNkulunkulu Amaningi
  • Cabangela Ububele: Ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka sigxile ekubeni ububele bube yingqikithi yawo wonke amasiko enkolo futhi sabonisa amafilimu amabili. Esokuqala, “Ukucasha Nokufuna: Ukholo Nokubekezelelana” ehlola umphumela wokuQothulwa Kwesizwe ekukholweni kuNkulunkulu kanye nokholo kwabanye abantu. Ifilimu yesibili bekuyi-"Hawo's Dinner Party: the New Face of Southern Hospitality" ekhiqizwe ngabakwaShoulder-to-Shoulder omsebenzi wabo uwukuma namaSulumane aseMelika; Ukusekela Izindinganiso ZaseMelika ukusiza ukwakha ubudlelwano phakathi kwabokufika abangamaSulumane kanye nomakhelwane babo abasha baseMelika. Kulo mcimbi, sinikele ngesobho, kanye nesaladi okube yinhle kakhulu futhi yadonsa isixuku esikhulu samaSulumane, amaHindu namaKrestu. Emaphandleni aseMelika, abantu baphuma befuna ukudla.
  • Ukuthula Ngokuthethelela: Kule sizini sigxile emandleni okuxolela. Sabusiswa ngokufaka izikhulumi ezintathu ezinamandla kanye nefilimu ekhuluma ngokuthethelela.

1. Ifilimu ethi, “Forgiving Dr. Mengele,” indaba ka-Eva Kor, owasinda ekuQothulweni Kwesizwe kanye nohambo lwakhe lokuthethelela ngezimpande zakhe zobuJuda. Empeleni sikwazile ukumthola esikrinini nge-Skype ukuze akhulume nezithameli. Nalokhu bekuhanjelwe kakhulu ngoba saphinde saphakela isobho namasaladi.

2. UClifton Truman Daniel, umzukulu kaMongameli Truman, owakhuluma ngohambo lwakhe lokwakha ubudlelwano bokuthula namaJapane kusukela ekuqhumeni kwamabhomu e-athomu. Wayengomunye wabaseMelika kuphela ababemenyelwe eNkonzweni YaseJapane YeSikhumbuzo Seminyaka Engu-50 eJapane.

3. Rais Bhuiyan, umbhali we UmMelika Weqiniso: Ukubulala Nesihe eTexas. UMnu Bhuiyan wadutshulwa ngesikhathi esebenza esitolo esilula yi-Texan ethukuthele eyesaba wonke amaSulumane ngemuva kwe-9-11. Wabelana ngokuthi ukholo lwamaSulumane lwamthatha kanjani ohambweni olubheke entethelweni. Lona kwakuwumlayezo onamandla kubo bonke ababekhona futhi wawubonisa izimfundiso zokuthethelela kuwo wonke amasiko enkolo.

  • Izinkulumo Zokuthula: Ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka sigxile ezindleleni ezehlukene abantu abaziveza ngazo futhi sabamema ukuthi bakhe “Inkulumo Yokuthula.” Sixhumane nabafundi, izingcweti, abaculi, izimbongi, nabaholi bomphakathi ukuze babelane ngenkulumo yabo yokuthula. Sihlanganyele neNhlangano yethu yasendaweni yaseDowntown San Angelo, Umtapo Wezincwadi wendawo, umnyango we-ASU Poets Society kanye nomnyango we-Okhestra, izinhlangano zentsha yendawo kanye neSan Angelo Fine Arts Museum ukuze sinikeze amathuba okuba umphakathi uzwakalise ukuthula. Siphinde wamema uDkt April Kinkead, uProfessor wesiNgisi waseBlinn College ukuthi azokwethula “Indlela Izinkulumo Zenkolo Ezixhaphaza Noma Zinika Abantu Amandla.” NoDkt. Helen Rose Ebaugh waseNyuvesi yaseHouston wethula i-PBS Documentary, “Uthando Luyisenzo: I-Gülen Movement: Isinyathelo SamaSulumane Esimaphakathi Sokukhuthaza Ukuthula”. Ngempela le sizini ibe isiqongo sempumelelo. Sibe namakhulu amalungu omphakathi kulo lonke idolobha egxile ekuthuleni nasekuvezeni ukuthula ngobuciko, umculo, izinkondlo, nezindatshana emaphephandabeni nasezinhlelweni zemisebenzi. 
  • Ukuthula Kwakho Kubalulekile!: Le sizini igxile ekugxiliseni umlayezo wokuthi ngamunye wethu unesibopho sendima yethu ku-Peace Puzzle. Ukuthula komuntu ngamunye kubalulekile, uma ucezu lokuthula lomuntu lungekho, ngeke sibe nokuthula kwasendaweni noma emhlabeni jikelele. Sikhuthaze isiko ngalinye lenkolo ukuthi linikeze izinkonzo zomkhuleko zomphakathi, futhi sanikeza ikhefu lokuzindla. Siphinde sabusiswa ngokufaka uDkt. Robert P. Sellers, USihlalo Wephalamende Lezenkolo Zomhlaba Ka-2018 njengoba ekhuluma nge-Interfaith Initiatives endaweni kanye nasemhlabeni jikelele.   

Uhambo lokuzungeza izinkolo zomhlaba ngaphandle kokusuka eTexas

Lolu bekuwuhambo lwezinsuku ezintathu oluya e-Houston, TX lapho savakashela khona amathempeli angu-10 ahlukahlukene, ama-mosque, amasinagoge nezikhungo zomoya ezihlanganisa amasiko enkolo yamaHindu, amaBuddha, amaJuda, amaKrestu, ama-Islamic kanye ne-Baha'i. Sihlanganyele noDkt. Helen Rose Ebaugh waseNyuvesi yase-Houston osebenze njengomqondisi wethu wokuvakasha. Uphinde wahlela ukuthi sidle ukudla okunamasiko ahlukahlukene okuhlobene nemiphakathi yezenkolo esiyivakashele. Saya ezinkonzweni zomkhuleko eziningana futhi sahlangana nabaholi bezomoya ukuze sibuze imibuzo futhi sifunde ngokuhlukana kwethu kanye nezinto esivumelana ngazo. Iphephandaba lendawo lithumele intatheli yalo ukuthi libhale izindatshana namabhulogi ansuku zonke mayelana nalolu hambo. 

Ngenxa yokuntuleka kwenkolo nezinhlanga ezehlukene ezindaweni zasemaphandleni zaseMelika, sibone kubalulekile ukunikeza umphakathi wethu wasendaweni amathuba ukuze uthole ukunambitheka, ukuzwa kanye nokuzwa “okunye” emhlabeni wethu. Enye yezindlela ezijule kakhulu engangizithathela yona kwakuvela kumlimi kakotini omdala owasho ehlengezela izinyembezi, “Angikholwa ukuthi ngidle isidlo sasemini futhi ngithandaza neMuslim kanti ubengagqokile isiphandla noma. ephethe isibhamu somshini.”

Inkosi Yokuthula

Iminyaka engu-7, sakha ikharikhulamu futhi sasingatha “Ikamu Lokuthula” lezingane lasehlobo elalibungaza ukuhlukahluka. La makamu agxile ekubeni nomusa, ekukhonzeni abanye nasekufundeni ngezimiso zomoya ezivamile ezitholakala kuwo wonke amasiko enkolo. Ekugcineni, ikharikhulamu yethu yasekamu lasehlobo yangena emakilasini ambalwa omphakathi kanye namakilabhu abafana namantombazane endaweni yethu.

Ukwakha Ubudlelwano Nabantu Abanethonya

Ukusebenzisa lokho osekwenzeka emphakathini wethu

Ekuqaleni komsebenzi wethu, amanye amasonto amaningi aqala ukuba nemicimbi yawo efundisayo “Yokuhlanganisa Izinkolo,” sasijabulela ukuya sicabanga ukuthi umgomo wethu wokufuna lokho esivumelana ngakho wawuqala ukugxila. Okwasimangaza ukuthi izinhloso zabantu kanye nabethuli bale micimbi bekuwukugqugquzela inkulumo-ze Emelene NobuSulumane noma YamaJuda kanye nokugcwalisa izethameli zabo ngolwazi oluyiphutha olwengeziwe. Lokhu kwasikhuthaza ukuba siye kulezi zinkulumo eziningi ngangokunokwenzeka ngenjongo enhle yokukhanyisela iqiniso futhi senze abantu bahlangane ubuso nobuso namakholwa “angempela” avela ezinkolweni ezihlukahlukene. Sasihlala ngaphambili; buza imibuzo enamandla nefundile mayelana nokufana kwazo zonke izinkolo; futhi singeza ulwazi oluyiqiniso futhi sicaphune iziqephu zombhalo ongcwele ngamunye eziphikisana “nezindaba ezingamanga” ezethulwa. Ezimweni eziningi, umethuli wayedlulisela isethulo sakhe kwesinye sezazi zethu noma amalungu enkolo okuxoxwa ngayo. Lokhu kwakha ukwethembeka kwethu futhi kwasisiza ukuba sandise ukwazi nombono wezwe walabo ababekhona ngendlela enothando nenokuthula. Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, lezi zenzakalo zancipha. Lokhu futhi kwadinga isibindi esikhulu nokholo kumalungu ethu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi angamaKristu, amaSulumane noma amaJuda. Ngokuya ngezindaba zezwe nezasemhlabeni, abaningi bethu bebezothola imiyalezo enenzondo, i-voice mail kanye nokucekelwa phansi kwemizi yethu okuncane.

Ukubambisana

Ngenxa yokuthi ukugxila kwethu ngaso sonke isikhathi kwakuwukudala imiphumela yokuwina/ukuwina/yokuwina ukuze kube nokuhle kunakho konke, sakwazi ukusebenzisana neNyuvesi yangakithi, i-ASU; iphephandaba lethu lendawo, iStandard Times; kanye nohulumeni wethu wasekhaya.

  • Ihhovisi Lezindaba Zamasiko leNyuvesi yase-Angelo State: Ngenxa yokuthi iNyuvesi yayinezinsiza, ezilalelwayo/ezibukwayo zazi ukuthi kanjani kanye nezinsiza zabafundi kanye nekhono lokunyathelisa nokumaketha esasikudinga; futhi ngenxa yokuthi sihehe izinhlelo zekhwalithi ephezulu ezivela emthonjeni onokwethenjelwa nonedumela elihle eligxile ekwahlukeni kwamasiko nenkolo okuhlangabezana nezidingo zabafundi nomnyango wabo, besifaneleka ngokuphelele. Ukusebenzisana nenyuvesi kuphinde kwasinika isikweletu emphakathini kanye nokufinyelela kwezithameli ezibanzi nezingajwayelekile. Sithole ukuthi singaheha inqwaba yabantu uma sinikeza imicimbi ezindaweni zomphakathi esikhundleni samasonto. Lapho senza imicimbi emasontweni, kwakubonakala kuphela amalungu alawo masonto futhi ayembalwa kakhulu avela emasikweni angewona awobuKristu.
  • I-San Angelo Standard Times: Njengamaphephandaba amaningi esifunda amancane emhlabeni wedijithali, i-Stand Times ibidonsa kanzima ngesabelomali esiphansi okusho ukuthi ababhali bezisebenzi bambalwa. Ukuze sakhe i-win/win/win yephepha, amaNxusa Okuthula kanye nezethameli zethu, sinikeze ukubhala izindatshana ezisezingeni eliphezulu zayo yonke imicimbi yethu, kanye nezindatshana zezindaba nganoma yini ehlobene nezinkinga zokuhlangana kwezinkolo. Lokhu kusibeke njengochwepheshe emphakathini wethu kanye nokuya kubantu ukuyobuza imibuzo. Leli phepha liphinde langimema ukuthi ngibhale ikholomu yamasonto amabili ukuze ngigxile ezenzakalweni zamanje futhi ngiveze indawo efanayo kanye nombono wezinkolo ezinkulu ezinikeza amaNxusa Okuthula ukuchayeka njalo endaweni yaseWest Texas.
  • Abapristi, abefundisi, abefundisi, kanye nezikhulu zedolobha, zesifunda kanye nezefederal: Umbhishobhi wendawo wamaKhatholika umeme amaNxusa Okuthula aseWest Texas ukuthi athathe izintambo futhi adlulise uHlelo lweSikhumbuzo lwe-9-11 lwaminyaka yonke. Ngokwesiko, uMbhishobhi wayemema abefundisi bendawo, abefundisi nabapristi ukuthi bahlele futhi balethe uhlelo olwaluhlala luhlanganisa abaphenduli bokuqala, Amasosha Ase-US kanye nabaholi bomphakathi wendawo kanye nohulumeni. Leli thuba lakha iqembu lethu futhi lasinika ithuba elihle lokuthuthukisa ubudlelwano obusha nabantu abanethonya nobuholi kuzo zonke izindawo. Sikhulise leli thuba ngokunikeza isifanekiso seSikhumbuzo se-9-11 esihlanganisa imininingwane eyiqiniso mayelana ne-9-11; kukhanyisele ukuthi amaMelika aphuma kuzo zonke izinhlanga, amasiko nezinkolo afa ngalolo suku; futhi wanikeza imibono nolwazi mayelana nemithandazo ehlanganisayo/yezinkolo ezihlukahlukene. Ngalolu lwazi, sikwazile ukukususa enkonzweni yobuKristu sakuyisa enkonzweni ehlanganisa wonke umuntu ehlanganisa zonke izinkolo nezinhlanga. Lokhu kuphinde kwaholela ethubeni lokuthi amaNxusa Okuthula aseNtshonalanga Texas enze imithandazo yezinkolo eziningi emhlanganweni wethu wendawo womkhandlu wedolobha kanye nowesifunda.

Umthelela Ohlala Njalo

Kusukela ngo-2008, i-Faith Club ihlangana masonto onke namalungu avamile futhi ahlukahlukene aphakathi kuka-50 no-25. Ngokukhuthazwa yizincwadi ezimbalwa, amalungu athathe imiklamo eminingi yenkonzo yokuxuba izinkolo eziye zaba nomthelela ohlala njalo. Siphinde saphrinta futhi sakhipha izitikha zobhampa ezingaphezu kuka-2,000 ezithi: UNkulunkulu Busisa Umhlaba Wonke, AmaNxusa Okuthula AseNtshonalanga Texas.

Izenzo Zokholo: Indaba ye-American Muslim, uMzabalazo Womphefumulo Wesizukulwane ngu-Eboo Patel, usigqugquzele ukuthi sakhe iphrojekthi yenkonzo yaminyaka yonke yezinkolo ezihlukahlukene: Isidlo sethu Sasemini Sezithandani ekhishini lethu lendawo yesobho. Kusukela ngo-2008, amavolontiya angaphezu kuka-70 amasiko enkolo ahlukene, izinhlanga namasiko ahlangana ndawonye ukuze apheke, aphake futhi ajabulele ukudla nabampofu kakhulu emphakathini wethu. Amalungu amaningi ayejwayele ukupheka nokuphakela abampofu; nokho, abambalwa abake bahlala nabo futhi baxoxa nabaxhasi kanye nomunye nomunye. Lokhu sekungomunye wamaphrojekthi wesevisi asebenza ngempumelelo kakhulu ekwakheni ubudlelwano obuhlala njalo nabantu abahlukahlukene, abantu abanethonya kanye nemithombo yezindaba yethu yasendaweni.

Izindebe Ezintathu Zetiye: Umsebenzi Womuntu Oyedwa Wokuthuthukisa Ukuthula. . . Isikole Esisodwa Ngesikhathi nguGreg Mortenson kanye noDavid Oliver Relin, basigqugquzele ukuthi siqoqe ama- $ 12,000 ukuze sakhe isikole samaSulumane e-Afghanistan phakathi neSikhathi Sokuthula sika-2009. Lesi kwakuyisinyathelo sesibindi njengoba, njengeqembu, abaningi babesibheka njengabamelene noKristu endaweni yakithi. Kodwa-ke, phakathi ne-11 Days of Global Peace Program, siqoqe ama- $ 17,000 ukwakha isikole. Ngale phrojekthi, samenywa ezikoleni zamabanga aphansi zendawo ukuze sethule uhlelo luka-Greg Mortenson luka-Penny Lokuthula, uhlelo oluklanyelwe ukufundisa nokubandakanya intsha yethu ukuze ithathe isinyathelo sokusiza abangani emhlabeni wonke. Lokhu kwakuwubufakazi bokuthi sasishintsha imiqondo nezinkolelo mayelana ne-Islam endaweni yethu.

Okuthile Okufanele Kucatshangelwe Ikholomu ebhalwe u-Becky J. Benes yavezwa ephephandabeni lethu lendawo njengekholomu ephuma kabili ngesonto. Inhloso yayo bekuwukuveza lokho esivumelana ngakho ezinkolweni zomhlaba nokuthi le mithetho engokomoya isekela futhi ithuthukise kanjani imiphakathi yethu endaweni, ezweni nasemhlabeni jikelele. 

Ngokudabukisayo, kusukela ukuthengwa kwephepha lethu lendawo yi-USA Today, ukubambisana kwethu nabo kuncipha kakhulu, uma kunganciphi ngokuphelele.  

Isiphetho

Ekubuyekezeni, iminyaka eyi-10, amaNxusa Okuthula aseNtshonalanga Texas asebenze ngokuzikhandla ukuze anikeze izinhlelo zokuthula zezimpande ezenzelwe ukukhuthaza ukuthula ngemfundo, ukuqonda nokwakha ubudlelwano. Iqembu lethu elincane lamaJuda amabili, amaKristu amabili, namaSulumane amabili selikhule laba umphakathi wabantu abangaba ngu-50 abazibophezele ekusebenzeni eSan Angelo, idolobhana elisemaphandleni eNtshonalanga Texas elaziwa abaningi ngokuthi iBelt Buckle of the Bible Belt. ingxenye yethu ukwenza ushintsho emphakathini wethu futhi sandise ukwazi komphakathi wethu.

Sagxila enkingeni ekabili esibhekene nayo: ukuntula imfundo nokuqonda ngezinkolo zomhlaba; ukuchayeka okuncane kakhulu kubantu bezinkolo namasiko ahlukene; kanye nabantu emphakathini wethu abangenabo ubudlelwano bomuntu siqu noma ukuhlangana nabantu bamasiko namasiko enkolo ahlukene. 

Sinalezi zinkinga ezintathu emqondweni, sidale izinhlelo zemfundo ezihlinzeka ngezinhlelo zemfundo ezikholeka kakhulu ezihambisana nemicimbi yokusebenzelana lapho abantu bengahlangana futhi bahlanganyele abantu bezinye izinkolo futhi bakhonze umphakathi omkhulu. Sagxila ezintweni esivumelana ngazo hhayi ukungezwani kwethu.

Ekuqaleni sabhekana nokuphikiswa futhi iningi laze lasibheka njengabamelene noKristu. Nokho, ngokuphikelela, imfundo esezingeni eliphezulu, ukuqhubeka, kanye nemicimbi yokuxoxisana kwezinkolo, ekugcineni samenywa ukuba senze umkhuleko wezinkolo ezahlukene emihlanganweni yethu yoMkhandlu Wedolobha kanye namaKhomishana Wesifunda; sikwazile ukuqongelela imali engaphezu kuka-$17,000 ukuze sakhe iSikole SamaSulumane e-Afghanistan, futhi sanikezwa ukusakazwa kwabezindaba njalo kanye nekholomu yephephandaba ephuma kabili ngesonto ukuze sikhuthaze ukuthula ngokuqonda.

Esimeni samanje sezepolitiki, uguquko lobuholi kanye nezokuxhumana kanye nama-mega-media conglomerates athatha umthombo wezindaba wedolobha elincane, umsebenzi wethu ubaluleke kakhulu; nokho, kubonakala kunzima kakhulu. Kufanele siqhubeke nohambo futhi sithembe ukuthi uNkulunkulu Owazi Konke, Onamandla Onke, Ohlala Ekhona unecebo futhi icebo lihle.

Benes, Becky J. (2018). I-Grassroots Initiatives Toward Peace in Rural America. Inkulumo ehlonishwayo eyethulwa ngo-Okthoba 31, 2018 eNgqungqutheleni Yezizwe Zonke Yesihlanu Yonyaka Yokuxazululwa Kwezingxabano Zobuhlanga Nezenkolo Nokwakha Ukuthula eyayibanjwe yi-International Centre for Ethno-Religious Mediation eQueens College, City University of New York, ngokubambisana neSikhungo Sobuhlanga, Ukuqonda Kobuhlanga Nezenkolo (i-CERRU).

Ungahlukıselana

Izihloko ezihlobene Nalesi

Izinkolo e-Igboland: Ukuhlukahluka, Ukufaneleka kanye Nokufaneleka

Inkolo ingesinye sezimo zezenhlalo nezomnotho esinomthelela ongenakuphikwa esintwini noma kuphi emhlabeni. Njengoba kubukeka kungcwele, inkolo ayibalulekile nje kuphela ekuqondeni ukuba khona kwanoma iyiphi isibalo sabantu bomdabu kodwa iphinde ibe nokuhambisana nenqubomgomo ezimweni ezihlukene nezokuthuthuka. Ubufakazi bomlando kanye ne-ethnographic mayelana nokubonakaliswa okuhlukene kanye nezigaba zamagama zesenzakalo senkolo buningi. Isizwe sama-Igbo eNingizimu neNigeria, ezinhlangothini zombili zoMfula iNiger, singelinye lamaqembu amasiko osomabhizinisi abamnyama abakhulu kunawo wonke e-Afrika, anentshiseko yezenkolo engenakuphikiswa ehlanganisa intuthuko esimeme kanye nokusebenzisana phakathi kwezizwe phakathi kwemingcele yaso yendabuko. Kodwa isimo sezenkolo sase-Igboland sishintsha njalo. Kuze kube ngu-1840, inkolo/izinkolo ezivelele zama-Igbo kwakungezomdabu noma zendabuko. Esikhathini esingaphansi kwamashumi amabili eminyaka kamuva, lapho umsebenzi wezithunywa zevangeli zobuKristu uqala endaweni, kwavulwa ibutho elisha elalizogcina lilungise kabusha inkolo yendabuko yendawo. UbuKristu bakhula baba mncane ukubusa kwakamuva. Ngaphambi kweminyaka eyikhulu yobuKristu e-Igboland, inkolo yobuSulumane kanye nezinye izinkolo ezingezona ezemvelo zavela ukuze ziqhudelane nezinkolo zomdabu zase-Igbo kanye nobuKristu. Leli phepha lilandelela ukuhlukahluka kwezenkolo kanye nokuhambisana kwakho nokusebenza ekuthuthukisweni okuvumelanayo e-Igboland. Idonsa idatha yayo emisebenzini eshicilelwe, izingxoxo, nezinto zobuciko. Iphikisana ngokuthi njengoba izinkolo ezintsha zivela, indawo yezenkolo yama-Igbo izoqhubeka nokuhlukahluka kanye/noma ukuzivumelanisa, noma ukuhlanganisa noma ukuhluka phakathi kwezinkolo ezikhona nezisafufusa, ukuze kuphile ama-Igbo.

Ungahlukıselana

Ukuguqulelwa ku-Islam kanye ne-Ethnic Nationalism e-Malaysia

Leli phepha liyingxenye yephrojekthi enkulu yocwaningo egxile ekukhuleni kobuzwe baseMalay kanye nokuphakama eMalaysia. Nakuba ukwanda kobuzwe baseMalay kungabangelwa izici ezihlukahlukene, leli phepha ligxile ngokukhethekile emthethweni wokuguqulwa kwamaSulumane e-Malaysia kanye nokuthi ingabe uqinise noma cha imizwa yobukhulu bobuzwe baseMalay. IMalaysia iyizwe elinezinhlanga eziningi futhi elinezinkolo eziningi elathola inkululeko yalo ngo-1957 kumaBritish. Abantu baseMalay beyisizwe esikhulu kunazo zonke bebelokhu bebheka inkolo yobuSulumane njengengxenye nengxenye yobuntu babo obubehlukanisa nezinye izizwe ezalethwa ezweni ngesikhathi sombuso wamakoloni wamaNgisi. Nakuba inkolo yobuSulumane iyinkolo esemthethweni, uMthethosisekelo uvumela ukuba ezinye izinkolo zenziwe ngokuthula abantu baseMalaysia okungewona amaMalay, okungamaShayina namaNdiya. Kodwa-ke, umthetho wamaSulumane olawula imishado yamaSulumane eMalaysia ugunyaze ukuthi abangewona amaSulumane kumele baguqukele ku-Islam uma befisa ukushada namaSulumane. Kuleli phepha, ngiphikisa ukuthi umthetho wokuguqulwa kwamaSulumane usetshenziswe njengethuluzi lokuqinisa imizwa yobuzwe baseMalay eMalaysia. Idatha yokuqala yaqoqwa ngokusekelwe ezingxoxweni namaSulumane aseMalay ashade nabangewona amaMalay. Imiphumela ibonise ukuthi iningi labantu okwaxoxwa nabo baseMalay babheka ukuguqukela ku-Islam njengokubalulekile njengoba kudingwa yinkolo yamaSulumane nomthetho wezwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, futhi abasiboni isizathu sokuthi kungani abantu abangewona amaMalay bengafuni ukuguqukela enkolweni yobuSulumane, njengoba ngesikhathi somshado, izingane zizothathwa ngokuzenzakalelayo njengamaMalay njengokusho koMthethosisekelo, nawo oza nesimo namalungelo. Imibono yabangewona amaMalay abaguqukele ku-Islam yayisekelwe ezingxoxweni zesibili eziye zenziwa ezinye izazi. Njengoba ukuba umSulumane kuhlotshaniswa nokuba umMalay, abantu abaningi abangewona amaMalay abaguqukile bazizwa bephucwe umuzwa wabo wenkolo nobuzwe, futhi bazizwa becindezelwa ukuba bamukele isiko lamaMalay. Nakuba ukushintsha umthetho wokuguqulwa kungase kube nzima, izingxoxo ezivulekile zokuhlangana kwezinkolo ezikoleni nasezimbonini zomphakathi kungase kube isinyathelo sokuqala sokubhekana nale nkinga.

Ungahlukıselana